Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)Test Bank (2) Part (2)

Chapters (5,6,7): Bioenergetics

1)

Which figure depicts an animal cell placed in a solution hypotonic to the cell? A)

cell A B)

cell B C)

cell C D)

cell D E)

cell E Answer:

A Topic:

5.4, 5.5 Skill:

1

Conceptual Understanding

2)

Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule is used for energy? A)

part A B)

part B C)

part C D)

part D E)

part E Answer:

E Topic:

5.13 Skill:

Factual Recall

After reading the following paragraph, answer the question(s) below.Americans spend up to $100 billion annually for bottled water (41 billion gallons). The only beverages with higher sales are carbonated soft drinks. Recent news stories have highlighted the fact that most bottled water comes from municipal water supplies (the same source as your tap water), although it may undergo an extra purification step called reverse osmosis. Imagine two tanks that are separated by a membrane that's permeable to water, but not to the dissolved minerals present in the water. Tank A contains tap water and Tank B contains the purified water. Under normal conditions, the purified water would cross the membrane to dilute the more concentrated tap water solution. In the reverse osmosis process, pressure is applied to the tap water tank to force the water molecules across the membrane into the pure water tank.

2

i)

After the reverse osmosis system has been operating for 30 minutes, the solution in Tank A would A)

be hypotonic to Tank B. B)

be isotonic to Tank B. C)

be hypertonic to Tank B. D)

contain no minerals. E)

move by passive transport to Tank B. Answer:

C Topic:

5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.8 Skill:

Conceptual Understanding

ii)

If you shut the system off and pressure was no longer applied to Tank A, you would expect A)

the water movement to follow the concentration gradient. B)

the water to reverse flow from B to A. C)

the water to flow in equal amounts in both directions. D)

the water to flow against the concentration gradient. E)

both a and b above to occur. Answer:

3

E Topic:

5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.8 Skill: Application

In this drawing of a chloroplast, which structure represents the thylakoid membrane? A)

structure A B)

structure B C)

structure C D)

structure D E)

structure E Answer:

C Topic:

7.2 Skill: Factual Recall

4

Chapter (16): BiodiversityLife on Earth, 5e (Audesirk( Chapter 16 The Diversity of Life

I) Using the figure provided, answer the following questions.

Figure 16-01

1)

This modern "tree of life" shown in Figure 16-01 suggests that: A)

fungi are more closely related to animals than they are to plants. B)

fungi are more closely related to plants than they are to animals. C)

all protists are equally related to other eukaryotes. D)

plants are more closely related to animals than they are to fungi. E)

eukaryotes are not related to prokaryotes in any way. Answer:

A Diff: 1 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.15

2)

The modern "tree of life" shown in Figure 16-01 suggests that: A)

bacteria have only one major phylum. B)

bacteria are more closely related to eukaryotes than they are to archaeans. C)

protists were the most recent group of eukaryotes to evolve. D)

archaeans are more closely related to eukaryotes than they are to bacteria. E)

all prokaryotes can be classified into a single domain. Answer:

D Diff: 2 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.1

II) Using the scenario provided, answer the following questions.

In the late 1970s, scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey used the deep sea submersible Alvin to explore the deep ocean in the Galápagos Rift off the coast of Ecuador. They discovered high-temperature hydrothermal vents where superheated water (380°C) and volcanic gases erupt from the ocean floor. To their surprise, they also found thriving ecological communities based around these vents, with some unusual organisms. At this depth, it is not surprising that there are very few, if any, photosynthetic organisms. However, the producers in these ecosystems are chemosynthetic; they oxidize hydrogen sulfide to release energy. These communities are also noted for their giant clams and mussels, which feed on the chemosynthetic producers and attract predators (such as octopi), as well as giant tube worms, which can grow to be eight feet long and are polychaetes. Recently, several fossil hydrothermal vent communities have been found and studied. These have been found to contain both adult and larval gastropod fossils.

1)Besides being chemosynthetic, the producers are also single-celled and lack organelles. Therefore, chemosynthetic organisms are:

6

A)

protists. B)

animals. C)

fungi. D)

prokaryotes. E)

plants. Answer:

D Diff: 1 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.2

2) The organisms that feed on the producers in these communities are: A)

arachnids. B)

crustaceans. C)

bivalves. D)

chordates. E)

fungi. Answer:

C

7

Diff: 2 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.7

3)

The predators mentioned in the scenario are: A)

cnidarians. B)

arthropods. C)

annelids. D)

chordates. E)

mollusks. Answer:

E Diff: 2 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.7

4)

Of the following, the closest relatives of giant tube worms would be: A)

insects. B)

jellyfish. C)

sponges. 8

D)

leeches. E)

clams. Answer:

D Diff: 2 Skill:

Application Objective:

Section 16.7

5)

The modern forms of the fossil creatures mentioned in the scenario are present-day: A)

sponges. B)

clams. C)

sea anemones. D)

snails. E)

squids. Answer:

D Diff: 2 Skill:

Application Objective Section 16.7

You examine a one-inch tall plant you have found in the woods. This plant was part of a several square foot mass of similar small plants. It is very flexible and does not easily stand upright by itself. Upon examining the tiny flat leaf-like structures of this plant you see no veins. There is no evidence of seeds, but at the end of a little

9

stalk on the end of the plant there is some sort of spore bearing structure. To which of these groups does this plant likely belong? A angiosperm B gymnosperm C algae D bryophyte E fern Answer: D Diff: 3 Skill: Application Objective: Section 16.5

10

Chapters (21+32): Nutrition

1)

Which of these teeth is an incisor? A)

tooth A B)

tooth B C)

tooth C D)

tooth D E)

tooth E Answer:

A Topic:

21.5 Skill:

Factual Recall

2)

11

Which arrow shows the release of digestive enzymes by the pancreas? A)

arrow A B)

arrow B C)

arrow C D)

arrow D E)

arrow E Answer:

E Topic:

21.10 Skill:

Factual Recall

After reading the following paragraph, answer the question(s) below.

Fred is a 24-year-old college student whose father was just diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. Since he knows that these problems often run in families, Fred has asked his doctor to recommend a plan so that he can minimize his risk of developing similar problems. The following are a few of the doctor's recommendations: quit smoking, exercise for at least 30 minutes per day, reduce saturated fats and trans fats in his diet, and increase the number of fruits and vegetables in his diet.

1)

Which of the following would match his doctor's recommendations?

12

A)

eat less of foods that contain partially hydrogenated vegetable oils B)

eat less of foods that contain antioxidants C)

avoid cooking with olive oil D)

consume more beef and less fish E)

switch to a low-carb diet Answer:

A Topic:

21.22, 21.23 Skill:

Conceptual Understanding

2)

Fred was explaining to his family how the doctor's advice would help prevent cardiovascular disease, but he made a mistake in his explanation. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A)

A diet high in saturated fats is associated with a higher risk of heart disease. B)

A diet high in saturated fats tends to increase LDL levels. C)

Exercise increases the body's production of LDL. D)

Smoking will increase the body's production of LDL. E)

Trans fats increase the body's production of LDL. Answer:

C

13

Topic:

21.23 Skill: Factual Recall

14