BiofuelsBiofuels

By:By:Tiffany MorganTiffany Morgan

Christina SavageChristina SavageJenna WarnerJenna Warner

What are Biofuels used for and What are Biofuels used for and what are they made from? what are they made from?

Used For: Used For: Biodiesel and EthanolBiodiesel and Ethanol

~ Fuels used to run cars and diesel engines.~ Fuels used to run cars and diesel engines.

~ Used as an alternative source of gasoline.~ Used as an alternative source of gasoline.

Source of BiofuelsSource of Biofuels

In the United States made from:In the United States made from:~Corn, switchgrass, and soybean ~Corn, switchgrass, and soybean

In Europe made from: In Europe made from: ~Rapeseed, wheat, and sugar beet~Rapeseed, wheat, and sugar beet

In Brazil made from: sugar cane In Brazil made from: sugar cane

BiodieselBiodiesel• Biodiesel is a clean alternative fuel, which is produced from domestic, renewable sources.

•It is also a chemical process that separates “glycerine” and methyl esters from fats and vegetable oils.

•It is non-petroleum diesel and is biodegradable, non-toxic, and free of sulfur and aromatics.

•Biodiesel can work in any diesel engine and is more efficient than regular gasoline engine

•The chemical formula for biodiesel is B20

What is Biodiesel? Modifications?

•Modifications for biodiesel run according to the vehicle.•Modifications are only necessary for some vehicles, other are not used.

Ethanol Ethanol What is ethanol?What is ethanol?• Ethanol gas, also known as Ethanol gas, also known as

“ethyl alcohol”, is an alternative “ethyl alcohol”, is an alternative fuel fermented from corn, fuel fermented from corn, grains or agriculture waste or it grains or agriculture waste or it is chemically extracted from is chemically extracted from ethylene.ethylene.

• It is a clear, colorless, liquid It is a clear, colorless, liquid with an odor and tastewith an odor and taste

• It is drinkable and the It is drinkable and the ingredient for beer and wine.ingredient for beer and wine.

• For vehicles, it is a high For vehicles, it is a high performance motor fuel, so it is performance motor fuel, so it is good for the environmentgood for the environment

• The chemical formula for The chemical formula for ethanol is C20ethanol is C20

• biodiesel and ethanol are made from two different oils

•Biodiesel is made from oil and fats, and ethanol is made from sugar crops like sugar cane, and starch

Positives of BiofuelsPositives of Biofuels It produces 78% less carbon It produces 78% less carbon

dioxide (CO2) than normal diesel dioxide (CO2) than normal diesel fuelfuel

Biodiesel can be used in all Biodiesel can be used in all diesel enginesdiesel engines

They reduce greenhouse gas They reduce greenhouse gas emissions emissions

Biodegradable Biodegradable Non-toxic Non-toxic Creates job opportunies in the Creates job opportunies in the

rural workplacerural workplace RenewableRenewable Engines last longer when using it. Engines last longer when using it. Biodiesel is classified as a non-Biodiesel is classified as a non-

flammable liquid aka pure flammable liquid aka pure biodiesel far safer in an accident biodiesel far safer in an accident than gasoline. than gasoline.

Negatives of BiofuelsNegatives of Biofuels

In order to harvest, the In order to harvest, the tractors tractors useuse fossil fuels, fossil fuels, which are harmfulwhich are harmful..

Feeding Cars vs Feeding Cars vs Feeding People; Feeding People; limited limited resourcesresources..

Biodiversity- Biodiversity- less landless land for animals to livefor animals to live

  Having to pay for car Having to pay for car adjustments.adjustments.

http://cupblog.files.wordpress.com/2008/08/ethanol-effect.jpg

Are Biofuels Carbon Neutral?Are Biofuels Carbon Neutral?

Step 1: When Biofuels are burned they release Carbon (CO2).Step 2: The carbon is than released back into the atmosphere where plants convert the carbon into plant material like glucose; which is done through photosynthesis. Basically Carbon is removed from the atmosphere, stored in plants and then released when the biofuels are burned.

* For every gram of carbon released when burned by a biofuel equals a gram of carbon being removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.

Almost – the problem is, fossil fuels are used to FARM the crops and made into biofuels.

So, are biofuels carbon neutral?

Biodiesel made from oils of plantBiodiesel made from oils of plant Waste vegetable oilsWaste vegetable oils

(like from McDonalds)(like from McDonalds) Oil Seed PlantationsOil Seed Plantations

Ethanol made from fermented plant sugars and Ethanol made from fermented plant sugars and starchesstarches

Ethanol is a very strong alcoholEthanol is a very strong alcohol

Made From Made From

Producers of EthonolProducers of Ethonol•America mainly uses Corn

•The amount of fuel and oil needed to use ethanol is greater than the value of energy ethanol provides.

•It definitely makes more sense to switch sources. The gasoline along with The gasoline along with other oils and chemicals other oils and chemicals

Using corn, 1.76 gallons of gasoline= Using corn, 1.76 gallons of gasoline= 2.66 gallons of ethanol2.66 gallons of ethanol

•Future biofuels should be made of the best resources: cellulosic biomass

•wood chips, trash, and switch grass.

Resources Resources http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-

disadvantages-of-biofuels.htmldisadvantages-of-biofuels.html http://www.bdpedia.com/re/be/adv/adv.htmlhttp://www.bdpedia.com/re/be/adv/adv.htmlhttp://

discovermagazine.com/2008/oct/03-anything-into-ethanol

http://newfarm.rodaleinstitute.org/news/http://newfarm.rodaleinstitute.org/news/2005/0705/070705/ethanol.shtmlhttp://2005/0705/070705/ethanol.shtmlhttp://ezinearticles.com/?Carbon-Neutral---What-Does-It-ezinearticles.com/?Carbon-Neutral---What-Does-It-Mean?&id=339090Mean?&id=339090

• http://alternativefuels.about.com/od/ethanol/a/whatsethanol.htm

http://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biofuels.htmlhttp://www.habmigern2003.info/biogas/biofuels.htmlhttp://www.biodiesel.org/markets/pas/

• http://journeytoforever.org/ethanol.html