Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Bioenergy potential in Belgorod region, Russia
Alexander Samorodov CCGS LLC
Sweden
December 2013
Belgorod region
Belgorod
Total square – 27.1 thousand km2
Population – 1.54 million people (01.01.2012)
Over 36% of Russia's iron ore concentrate is
produced in the Belgorod region
Belgorod region is the biggest producer of meat
and poultry in Russia – about 1/5 of Russia’s
production
157.1 thousand heads of cattle stock, 2.64 million
pigs, 45.3 million birds (01.01.2012)
Electricity consumption is 15 115 million kWh
(2011)
Electricity generation is 946 million kWh (2011),
6% of consumption
Share of natural gas use for production of energy –
99,3% (2011)
Level of gas provision of populated localities –
98,7% (2011)
The whole amount of gas is delivered to the region
from outside Serious problem – a big amount of
agricultural waste (esp. manure and dung)
Regional programs and measures of state
support of RES and energy efficiency
Long-term target program "Energy saving and energy efficiency improvement in the
Belgorod region in 2010-2015 and target indicators for the period up to 2020”,
approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Belgorod region No. 364-пп, dd.
October 30, 2010
Belgorod region law No. 120 dd. July 12, 2012 "On energy saving and energy efficiency
improvement in the Belgorod region"
Long-term target program "Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the
Belgorod region in 2013-2015 and Target Indicators for 2020", approved by the
Resolution of the Government of the Belgorod region No. 427-pp, dd. October 29, 2012
By the Order of the Belgorod region Government No.300-рп, dd. July 19, 2010, temporary
rules for calculating the "eco-tariffs" for the electric power generated with the use of
renewable energy sources were adopted. On this basis, the Commission on the State
Regulation of Prices and Tariffs in the Belgorod region adopted feed-in tariffs for the
electricity supplied to the grid for:
- the biogas plant of the "Regional Centre for Biotechnology”;
- the biogas plant of "AltEnergo“.
The Governor of the Belgorod region actively supports the development of RES and,
in particular, the idea of distributed bioenergy
Biogas plant “Baitsury” 0.5 MW
JSC "Regional Center for Biotechnology"
Built in 2012
near the pig farm
Biogas plant “Luchki” 2.4 MW
LLC “AltEnergo”
Built in 2012
near the pig farm
Pilot bioenergy projects
Solar power plant 100 kW LLC “AltEnergo”
Built in 2010
Wind power plant 100 kW LLC “AltEnergo”
Built in 2010
Pilot solar and wind projects
1320 modules with active surface 1046 m2 Two types of solar panels: polycrystalline and amorphous
5 wind generators of 20 kW each Tower height: 18 meters Wheel diameter: 10 meters
Research of RES potential
In 2013 CCGS LLC has carried out the research of RES potential and options
of RES development in the Belgorod region with accent on biomass.
This research has been executed for and at the costs of the International
Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group, within the
framework of Cooperation Agreement between IFC and the Government of the
Belgorod region
To date the research is completed.
Within the framework of the research four reports have been prepared:
1.The Belgorod Region’s Renewable Energy Potential Study (with
projections to 2020)
2.Analysis of feasible renewable energy technologies for the Belgorod
region
3.Location of bioenergy plants in Belgorod region
4.Possible scenarios of bioenergy development in the Belgorod region
for the period up to 2020
Main types of available biomass
Agricultural waste:
o cattle manure
o pig manure
o poultry dung
o straw
o sugar beet tops
Food-industry waste:
o sugar beet pulp
o distillery stillage
o dairy wastes
Wood waste
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Wastewater sludge
Technical energy potential of biomass
Value of energy potential depends on technology applied
Two opposing options have been considered:
Option I “Focus on biogas”
Option II “Focus on gasification/combustion”
Option I suggests that, whenever technically possible, biomass waste is
used for biogas production. Those residues which cannot be seriously
considered as a source of biogas (e.g., wood wastes) are combusted.
Option II anticipates that waste is used as a fuel and supplied for gasification
or combustion, where this is energetically feasible. It was assumed that the
biomass with moisture content not exceeding 65% is used as a fuel; otherwise
the biomass is used as substrate for biogas production.
It should be noted that none of the above two options is a priori better than the
other.
Values of energy potential for these two options give an idea about the range
of technical potential estimation in the region
Technical energy potential of biomass
Results of assessment (for 2014)
Parameter Option I Option II
Energy potential in the terms of coal
equivalent,
million t c.e. (1 t c.e.=29.31 GJ)
1.24 2.51
Potential of biogas production, billion m3
(million t c.e.)
1.55 (1.14) 0.53
Net electricity generation, billion kWh 3.32 5.32
Installed electric capacity, MW 497 797
In the total available electricity production potential, crop production waste has
the largest share (53-60%), followed by poultry waste (21-22%), pig farming
industry waste (8-13%), MSW (6-7%), cattle farming waste (3-5%), any other
sector share is less than 1%
Technical energy potential of biomass Sectoral structure of the bioenergy production potential
Option I: "Focus on biogas".
2014. Total electricity supply 3.32 billion kWh
Option II: "Focus on gasification/combustion".
2014. Total electricity supply 5.32 billion kWh
Economic analysis
of biomass technologies
Comment: gasification and pyrolysis are in the pilot-demonstration stage so far and
applied mainly for wood, therefore they were not considered here
Acceptable conditions for an investor:
•discounted payback period – 8 years (range 5…11 years):
•discount (inflation free) rate – 12%
Indicative values of “green” tariff for energy generated
MSW
Steam
turbine
CHPP
ORC
CHPP
Boiler
house
Steam
turbine
CHPP
Boiler
house
Steam
turbine
CHPP
ICE
CHPP
Boiler
house
Bio-
methane
plant
Electricity euro/MWh 201 310 186 282 160
Heat euro/Gcal 95 98 206
Biomethane euro/th.m3 850
Biogas
Type of energy Unit
Combustion
Straw Poultry dung w/b
Economic analysis
of biomass technologies
Зависимость отпускной цены электроэнергии
от дисконтированного срока окупаемости
160,0
130
150
170
190
210
230
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Отп
ускн
ая ц
ен
а эл
ект
ро
эне
рги
и,
евр
о/М
Втч
Дисконтированный срок окупаемости, лет
инд баз
Биогазовая ТЭЦ
Discounted payback period, years
Tari
ff o
n e
lectr
icit
y,
eu
ro/M
Wh
Example of some factors influence on electricity tariff for a biogas plant
Economic analysis
of biomass technologies
Поправка к отпускной цене электроэнергии на отпускную
цену на отходы (сгущенный дигестат)
-450
-400
-350
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
По
пр
авка
к о
тпус
кно
й ц
ене
элек
тро
энер
гии
, ев
ро
/МВ
тч
Отпускная цена на отходы (сгущенный дигестат), евро/т
200
100 CH4,нм3/т СВ
Биогазовая ТЭЦ
300
400
500
Price of thickened digestate (25% DM), euro/t
Co
rre
cti
on
of
tari
ff o
n e
lectr
icit
y,
eu
ro/M
Wh
nm3/t DM of substrate
Example of some factors influence on electricity tariff for a biogas plant
Economic analysis
of biomass technologies
Example of some factors influence on electricity tariff for a biogas plant
Biogas CHPP, substrate parameters for pig manure
160,0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
Cost of feedstock for substrate excluding delivery, EUR/t
Selli
ng
pri
ce o
f e
lect
rici
ty, E
UR
/MW
h
Example
2040
6080
0 EUR/Gcal
Economic analysis
of biomass technologies
Analytical equation for express estimation of “green” electricity tariff
for a biogas plant
где
where
Feasible technologies, biomass types
and energy potential
Direct combustion – 205 MW
Poultry dung with bedding – 150 MW, investments €600 million
MSW – 55.35 MW, investments €400 million
Anaerobic digestion (biogas) – 201 MW
Pig and cattle manure, poultry dung without bedding – 198.5 MW, investments
€800 million
Wastewater treatment plants – 2.5 MW, investments €10 million
TOTAL: 406 MW, investments €1 810 million
Comment: it is supposed to use corn silage for biogas plants in amount of 2 million tons
of WM per year (655 th. tons of DM per year). It is necessary at least 50 th. hectares of
land for that
Proposed location of biomass clusters
Total number of clusters – 226
Total electrical capacity - 406 MW
BGUs in livestock farming
Number of potential
clusters with a
breakdown by electrical
capacity of BGUs. The
total number of clusters
is 214
Electrical capacity of
potential clusters with a
breakdown by electrical
capacity of BGUs. The
total capacity of clusters
is 198.9 MW
Limitation of the amount of electricity
sold for feed-in tariff • According to the Russian law, the guaranteed bio-electricity market is
confined to grid companies purchasing electricity by at special prices
in the retail market to offset their grid losses. Grid companies must,
first of all, purchase electricity to offset losses of the RES-based
generating facilities connected to the grid. Other consumers may
purchase RES energy, if they wish, but are not required to do so by
law.
• Grid losses in Belgorod Region do not exceed 900 million kWh per
year.
• Taking into account loss reductions due to the development of a
distributed energy system, only clusters with the total installed
capacity of 100 MW would qualify for a feed-in tariff.
• If the remaining biomass waste is to be effectively put into energy,
then some other incentives have to be applied.
Proposed tools of the regional
bioenergy stimulation policy
Incentives (carrots):
• Feed-in tariff for electricity (set for the candidates selected on a competition
basis)
• Subsidy support of agricultural producers to stimulate the use of organic
fertilizers (digestate processing)
• Special tariffs for waste (municipal solid waste) processing
• Encouraging the use/sale of heat (co-generated with electricity)
Restriction instruments (sticks):
• Tightening up agricultural waste management requirements (at first stricter
requirements could be set to hazard class 3 waste and higher)
• Penalties, fees and other sanctions against improper waste management.
It is proposed that the restriction measures should be applied from 2021
onwards, but articulated from the outset
