Miguel A. Carretero (carretero@cibio.up.pt)http://webpages.icav.up.pt/pessoas/podarcis/BET/

Master and Doctoral Program in Biodiversity, Genetics and Evolution

2018/2019

Biodiversity ofterrestrial ecosystems

10. THE NEW CHALLENGES;Biodiversity in the 21th Century

10. New challenges

▪ Knowledge on abiotic factors

▪ Knowledge on distribution

▪ Databases (big data)

▪ New analytical tools

The future of biodiversity studies

Technical improvements

10. New challenges

Data sources

Preexisting data

Digital maps

Data quality

Digital maps

Remote sensing

Recording

Vectorisation

Rasterisation

Data

Base

GPS

Generation of new data

Atlas do Ambiente

10. New challenges

10. New challengesRemote sensing

LIDAR

10. New challengesDNA barcoding

Environmental DNA

10. New challengescorrelative models

10. New challenges

Stochastic models

mechanistic models

Kearney & Porter (2004)

10. New challenges

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10. New challenges

▪ Application of scientific method

The future of biodiversity studies

Technical improvements

Conceptual improvements

10. New challenges

ObservationsGeneral Law

or HipothesisExplanations

INDUCTIVE METHOD

Hipothesis Observações

DEDUCTIVE METHOD

Theory Predições

10. New challenges

▪ Application of scientific method

The future of biodiversity studies

Technical improvements

Conceptual improvements

▪ Integration of levels and dimensions

▪ Incorporation of evolutionary history

▪ Practical applications

(human ecology, conservation)

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

Keppel et al. (2012)

10. New challenges

“Citizen science”Projects where volunteers participate in tasks related to research, such

as data recording, group coordination, development of computer

applications, etc.

They allow aiming objectives unreachable with traditional methods

10. New challenges

▪ Do genetically modified organsims

represent a real threat for biodiversity?

Why?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

▪ How and what to describe, inventory and

monitor in biodiversity with so limited

resources?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

• How to solve such global problems and

with so many countries involved?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Are biodiversity conservation and

development incompatible?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

▪ Is uncontrolled development really

profitable?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ What to do if most of the destruction

of carried our by the poorest human

populations?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Those who take the decisions are not

involved in their consequences. What to

do?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Populations neighbouring protected

areas do not receive direct benefits.

What to do?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ How to increase funds for manging and

increasing number of protected areas?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

10. New challenges

Genyer et al. (2006)

10. New challenges

▪ What to do if endangered species or

habitats are private?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Governments take too long to react to

the problems. How to behave?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Financial forces are never interested.

What to do?

Questions on biodiversity

10. New challenges

▪ Biodiversity and Conservation

▪ Biological Conservation

▪ Biological diversity

▪ Bioscience

▪ Conservation Biology

▪ Ecological Applications

▪ Journal of Biogeography

▪ Global Ecology and Biogeography

▪ Nature

▪ Science

Journals

10. New challenges

10. New challenges