Biodiversity in Indonesia

8/9/2019 Biodiversity in Indonesia

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BIODIVERSITY ININDONESIA

Group 1Fahmi AgamHira AmaliaIrma Dewi SLovi Meilina

Nafisa Diniwati

Meysha Cahya GYugi M G


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Diversity

The riches offlora in

Indonesia

Plant diversityin the wet

tropical forest

Plant diversityin seasonal

forest

Plant divesityin savannaforest land

Fauna (animal)

riches inIndonesia

The spreading offauna in the westIndonesian region

The spreading offauna in the east

Indonesian region


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FLORA


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The riches of flora Indonesia

The flora of Indonesia consists of many

unique varieties of tropical plants. Blessed

with a tropical climate and around 18,000

islands, Indonesia is a nation with the second

largest biodiversity in the world. The flora of

Indonesia reflects an intermingling of Asian,

Australian and the native species.


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Plant diversity in the wet tropical

forest

Wet tropical forests give the impression of

blessed with abundant riches and fertility.

This impression is not only in the riches of

ecosystem, but also extraordinary diversity of

plants, in term of dimensions, shapes, growing

patterns and appearances.


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Characteristics of wet tropical forest is the finding

of big herbs, such as ginger, banana and

Marantaceae.

Those three plants are included into

monocotyledone.

Epiphyte is another life form which is abundant in

wet tropical forest. Epithyte has no root in theground but sticks to other plants mainly trees.

Examples : ferns and orchid.


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Plant diversity in seasonal forest

The dispersion of seasonal forest in indonesia

forms group of small forest which are located

among other vegetation types. Examples of

seasonal forest is found in Baluran National Park,

East Java.

Thare are many kinds of trees in seasonal forest

in Indonesia which produce wood, oil, and foodsuch as teak tree, yellow, sandalwood,

eucalyptus, walnut, and tamarind tree.


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Plant diversity in Savanna Forest Land

A savanna, or savannah, is a grassland ecosystem

characterized by the trees being sufficiently small or

widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The

open canopy allows sufficient light to reach theground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer

consisting primarily ofC4 grasses.

Some classification systems also recognize a

grassland savanna from which trees are absent. This

article deals only with savanna under common

definition of a grassy woodland with a significant

woody plant component.


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FAUNA


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Fauna (animal) riches in Indonesia

The Fauna of Indonesia consists of a high level of biodiversity due to its vast-size and tropical archipelagomake-up. Indonesia divides into two ecological regions;western Indonesia is more influenced by Asian fauna,

and the east is more influenced by Australasian. TheWallace Linein fact, more an area known asWallaceanotionally divides these two regions. Thisunique blend of fauna in Indonesia is also affected bythe diverse range of ecosystems, including beaches,

sand dunes, estuaries, mangroves, coral reefs, sea grassbeds, coastal mudflats, tidal flats, algal beds, and smallisland ecosystems.


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The spreading of fauna in Indonesia


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The Spreading of Fauna in the West

Region

Characteristics of fauna in the west region

Many found the kind of big mammal, expect pockedanimal.

The diversity of colorful bird is very low.

Found the kinds of monkeys (primitive primate), mainlyin Kalimantan.

Found endemic mammal, such as one hornedrhinoceros, two horned rhinoceros, orang utan, bear,

cat, siamang, tarsius, bekantan, and kukang. Found endemic bird, such as jalak bali bird, white

eagle, red forest chicken, and the chicken pegarsalvadori.


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The kind of Fauna in the West Region


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The spreading of fauna in the east

Indonesian region

Characteristics of fauna in the east region

Many poucked mammals (marsupials) are found,whilebig mammals are rarely rateraly found

The diversity of colorful birds is very high No species of monkeys (primitive primates) are found

Highly endemic animals,such as marsupials,cendrawasih birds, Komodo dragons, cuscus, Deer-

hogs,Anoa, Butterflies,Macaca , Maleo birds,Lemur,andMusang Celebes can be found in this area.


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The kind of fauna in the east

Indonesian region


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Lemur


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The effort for reservation of Indonesia

Biodeversity

The effort that can be done to reserve

biodiversity are divided in two, they are :

In situ reservation Ex situ reservation


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In Situ Reservation

In situ reservation is the reservation of

biodiversity done in the original living place

(its habitat). The national park and natural

reservation in indonesia are as follows :

Gunung leuseur national park (sumatra)

Kerinci seblat national park (sumatra)

Way kambas national park (sumatra),

Tanjung puting national park (kalimantan)


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THE KIND OF RESERVATION


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Ex Situ Reservation

Ex situ reservation is the kind of biodiversity

(plants and mals) by exclusion from theirhabitat and keeping them in another place Ex

situ reservation can be done through the

following ways.


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Thanks For Your Attention

Documents

Biodiversity in Indonesia