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Biodiversity
Ch 3.5Ecology and Environment
Vocabulary
Biodiversity
Keystone species
Threatened species
Vocabulary
Habitat destruction
Habitat fragmentation
Poaching
Captive breeding
What is biodiversity’s value?
• Economic value• Ecological value
Economic Value
• Plants, animals and other organisms used in:– Food– Clothing– Medicine – Other products
• Ecosystems important for tourism
Ecological Value
• Species depend on one another for a balanced ecosystem
• Keystone species – species which many other species in an ecosystem depend upon for survival
What factors affect biodiversity?
• Climate• Area• Niche• Diversity• Genetic diversity• Extinction
Climate
• Tropical rainforests– Constant temps– Large amounts of rainfall
• Always vegetation and food
• Means there are more species
Area
• Larger areas have more species than smaller ones
Niche
• An ecosystem that can support more roles or niches has more biodiversity
• Example: coral reefs
Genetic Diversity
• Species with larger gene pools are more likely to survive and adapts
Extinction
• Disappearance of all members of a speciesEndangered species – species that is in danger of becoming extinct in the near futureThreatened species – species that is in danger of becoming endangered in the near future
Golden toad - extinct Giant panda - endangered
Threatened species – polar bear
How do humans affect biodiversity?
• Negatively or positively!• Examples?
Negative Impacts
• Habitat Destruction• Habitat fragmentation• Poaching• Pollution• Introduction of exotic species
Positive Impacts
• Captive Breeding• Laws and Treaties• Habitat Preservation