Biodiesel Refers to a Non-petroleum-based Diesel Fuel Consisting of Short

8/14/2019 Biodiesel Refers to a Non-petroleum-based Diesel Fuel Consisting of Short

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Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based diesel fuel consisting of short chain alkyl (methyl or ethyl) esters, madby Transesterfication of vegetable oil or animal fat (tallow), which can be used (alone, or blended with

conventional petrodiesel) in unmodified diesel-engine vehicles. Biodiesel is distinguished from the straightvegetable oil (SVO) (sometimes referred to as "waste vegetable oil", "WVO", "used vegetable oil", "UVO", "purplant oil", "PPO") used (alone, or blended) as fuels in some converted diesel vehicles. "Biodiesel" is standardized

as mono-alkyl ester.

Biodiesel is a biofuel produced from various feedstocks including vegetable oils (such as oilseed, rapeseed andsoya bean), animal fats or algae. Biodiesel can be blended with diesel for use in diesel engine vehicles. Biofuel

The term biofuel applies to any solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel produced from organic (once-living) matter. Theword biofuel covers a wide range of products, some of which are commercially available today, and some of

which are still in research and development. Biodiesel is a fuel made from plant oils that can be used in aconventional diesel engine.

Biodiesel is an environmentally safe, low polluting fuel for most diesel internal combustion and turbine engines.Can be mixed with petroleum diesel fuel and stored anywhere petroleum is. It is made from fresh or waste

vegetable oils (triglycerides) that are a renewable energy source.

Bio-diesel is an eco-friendly, alternative diesel fuel prepared from domestic renewable resources that isvegetables oils (edible & non-edible oil) and animal fats. These natural oils & fats are made up mainly of

tryglycerides. These tryglycerides when reacted chemically with lower alcohols in presence of catalyst result infatty acid esters. These esters show striking similarity to petroleum derived diesel and are called Bio-diesel.

Biodiesel produced from a 30 MTPD Processing Plant set up at Domjur, Howrah for one

of our clients by Biodiesel Technologies Kolkata, India is surpassing ASTM, BIS

and EN Standards


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Importance of Bio Diesel:

Bio-diesel is the most valuable form of renewable energy that can be used directly in any existing, unmodifieddiesel engine.

I.Energy Independence: Considering that oil priced at $ 60 per barrel has had a disproportionate impact on thepoorest countries, 38 of which are net importers and 25 of Which import all of their oil; the question of trying to

achieve greater energy independence one day through the development of bio-fuels has become one of whenrather than if, and, now on a near daily basis, a bio-fuels programme is being launched somewhere in the

developing world.

II.Smaller Trade Deficit: Rather than importing other countries ancient natural resources, we could be usingour own living resources to power our development and enhance our economies. Instead of looking to the Mid-

east for oil, the world could look to the tropics for bio-fuels. producing more bio-fuels will save foreign exchangeand reduce energy expenditures and allow developing countries to put more of their resources into health,

education and other services for their neediest citizens.

III.Economic Growth: Bio-fuels create new markets for agricultural products and stimulate rural developmentbecause bio-fuels are generated from crops; they hold enormous potential for farmers. In the near future

especially for the two-thirds of the people in the developing world who derive their incomes fromagriculture.Today, many of these farmers are too small to compete in the global market, especially with the

playing field tilted against them through trade distorting agricultural subsidies. They are mostly subsistencefarmers who, in a good year, produce enough to feed their families, and in a bad year, grow even poorer orstarve. But bio-fuels have enormous potential to change this situation for the better.At the community level,


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farmers that produce dedicated energy crops can grow their incomes and grow their own supply of affordable andreliable energy.At the national level, producing more bio-fuels will generate new industries, new technologies,

new jobs and new markets.

IV.Cleaner Air: Bio-fuels burn more cleanly than gasoline and diesel. Using biofuels means producing fewer

emissions of carbon monoxide, particulates, and toxic chemicals that cause smog, aggravate respiratory and heartdisease, and contribute to thousands of premature deaths each year.

V.Less Global Warming: Bio-fuels contain carbon that was taken out of the atmosphere by plants and trees asthey grew. The Fossil fuels are adding huge amounts of stored carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere, where it

traps the Earth's heat like a heavy blanket and causes the world to warm. Studies show that bio-diesel reducesCO2 emissions to a considerable extent and in some cases all most nearly to zero.

The Equipments required to expel the full quantity of oil are:

O

ilExpellers

Solvent Extraction Plant

Biodiesel in Environment Concern:

Biodiesel fuel burns up to 75% cleaner than diesel fuel made from fossil fuels. Bio diesel substantially reduces

unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter in exhaust fumes. Sulphur dioxide emissionsare 100% eliminated (bio diesel contains no sulphur). This alternative fuel is plant-based and adds absolutely no

CO2 to the atmosphere.

Biofuel exhaust is not offensive and doesn't cause eye irritation. Vehicles do not spew out vile blackfumes/particulates. In fact if you make your fuel from used cooking oil it may even smell of chips. Biodiesel isenvironmentally friendly: it is renewable, "more biodegradable than sugar and less toxic than table salt" (US

National Biodiesel Board).

Biodiesel was the first renewable fuel to successfully complete the EPA-required Health Effects esting under theClean Air Act. Mutagenicity studies show that biofuel dramatically reduces potential risks of cancer and birth

defects.

Biodiesel helps preserve natural resources. For every unit of energy needed to produce biodiesel, 3.24 units ofenergy are gained - nearly four times more than diesel.

Graphics will be uploaded soon!

In nut-shell:


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BioDiesel is environmental friendly and ideal for heavily polluted cities. Bio Diesel is as biodegradable as saltBio Diesel produces 80% less carbon dioxide and 100% less sulfur dioxide emissions. It provides a 90%

reduction in cancer risks. Bio Diesel can be used alone or mixed in any ratio with mineral oil diesel fuel. Thepreferred ratio if mixture ranges between 5 and 20% (B5 - B20).Bio Diesel extends the live of diesel engines. Bio

Diesel is cheaper then mineral oil diesel. Bio Diesel is conserving natural resources.

Features of Biodiesel:

Biodieselisacl

eanburningfuel

Biodiesel does not have any toxic emissions like mineral diesel

Biodiesel is made from any vegetable oil such as Soya, Rice bran, Canola, Palm, Coconut, mustard or peanut

or from any animal fat like Lard or tallow.

Biodiesel is made through a chemical process which converts oils and fats of natural origin into fatty acidmethyl esters (FAME).

Biodiesel IS NOT vegetable oil.Biodiesel is intended to be used as a replacement for petroleum diesel fuel, or can be blended with petroleum

diesel fuel in any proportion.

Biodiesel has reduced exhaust emissions compared to petroleum diesel fuel.Biodiesel has lower toxicity compared to petroleum diesel fuel.

Biodiesel is safer to handle compared to petroleum diesel fuel.Biodiesel quality is governed by ASTM D 6751 quality parameters.Biodiesel is biodegradable


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Transesterification Process

STRENGTHS1. Quite simple chemistry

2. Small volume bio-diesel machines are commercially availableWEAKNESSES

1. Relatively high labour input2. Higher capital investment3. Methanol involved in process (toxic & derived from fossil fuel)4. Glycerol is a by-product5. Relatively high direct energy input/costs

OPPORTUNITIES

1. Re-use glycerol (e.g. for heat process)2. Methanol recovery (e.g. using waste heat)

3. Potential to develop process using bio-ethanol (rather than methanol)4. Funding is currently available for bio-fuel production and research5. Strengthening bio-fuel network

THREATS

1. Potential for increase in cost of methanol2. Potential for increase in cost of sodium hydroxide (catalyst)3. Large companies introducing 5% blend

Opportunity of Biodiesel:

1. Ever increasing Crude oil price.2. Employment generation capacity in rural areas.3. Better Utilization of fallow cultivable waste land.4. Low gestation period comparative to other non-edible oil sources.5. Having carbon credit value (Kyoto protocol).6. Required in large quantity to sustain huge demand.7. With use of Biotechnology encouraging primary result.

Threats towards Biodiesel:1. Over publicity.2. Abundance of misleading information.

3. Mall practice in input materials.4. Costly input materials.5. Low (no) support price for seed.6. No sustainable Procurement Mechanism available in the Market.7. Requirement of seed in large quantity even to fulfill demand of 5% blending with diesel.8. Government strategies to wards Bio diesel project are not implemented properly.


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Developed in the 1890s by inventor Rudolph Diesel, the diesel engine has become the engine of choice for

power, reliability, and high fuel economy, worldwide. Early experimenters on vegetable oil fuels included theFrench government and Dr. Diesel himself, who envisioned that pure vegetable oils could power early dieselengines for agriculture in remote areas of the world, where petroleum was not available at the time. Modern

biodiesel fuel, which is made by converting vegetable oils into compounds called fatty acid methyl esters, has itsroots in research conducted in the 1930s in Belgium, but todays biodiesel industry was not established in Europeuntil the late 1980s.

The diesel engine was developed out of a desire to improve upon inefficient, cumbersome and sometimesdangerous steam engines of the late 1800s. The diesel engine works on the principal of compression ignition, in

which fuel is injected into the engines cylinder after air has been compressed to a high pressure and temperatureAs the fuel enters the cylinder it self-ignites and burns rapidly, forcing the piston back down and converting thechemical energy in the fuel into mechanical energy. Dr. Rudolph Diesel, after whom the engine is named, holds

the first patent for the compression ignition engine, issued in 1893. Diesel became known worldwide for hisinnovative engine which could use a variety of fuels.

The concept of bio fuel dates back to 1885 when Dr. Rudolf Diesel built the first diesel engine with the fullintention of running it on vegetative source. In 1912 he observed, "the use of vegetable oils for engine fuels mayseem insignificant today. But such oils may in the course of time become as important as petroleum and the coal

tar products of present time."

In 1970, scientists discovered that the viscosity of vegetable oils could be reduced by a simple chemical processand that it could perform as diesel fuel in modern engine. Since then the technical developments have come a

long way and the plant oil today has been highly established as bio fuel, equivalent to diesel.

Recent environmental (e.g. Kyoto Protocol) and economic concerns have prompted resurgence in the use ofbiodiesel throughout the world. In 1991, the European Community proposed a 90% tax reduction for the use of

bio fuels, including biodiesel. Today 21 countries worldwide produce biodiesel.

India is one of the largest petroleum consuming and importing countries. India imports about 70 % of itspetroleum demands. The current yearly consumption of diesel oil in India is approximately 40 million tones

constituting about 40% of the total petro-product consumption.

Biodiesel, derived from the oils and fats of plants like sunflower, rape seeds, Canola or Jatropha (Bhagveranda)can be used as a substitute or an additive to diesel. As an alternative fuel biodiesel can provide power similar toconventional diesel fuel and thus can be used in diesel engines. Biodiesel is a renewable liquid fuel that can be

produced locally thus helping reduce the countrys dependence on imported crude petroleum diesel.

Early Work

The early diesel engines had complex injection systems and were designed to run on many different fuels, fromkerosene to coal dust. It was only a matter of time before someone recognized that, because of their high energycontent, vegetable oils would make excellent fuel. The first public demonstration of vegetable oil based dieselfuel was at the 1900 Worlds Fair, when the French government commissioned the Otto Company to build a

diesel engine to run on peanut oil. The French government was interested in vegetable oils as a domestic fuel for


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their African colonies. Rudolph Diesel later did extensive work on vegetable oil fuels and became a leadingproponent of such a concept, believing that farmers could benefit from providing their own fuel. However, it

would take almost a century before such an idea became a widespread reality. Shortly after Dr. Diesels death in1913 petroleum became widely available in a variety of forms, including the class of fuel we know today asdiesel fuel. With petroleum being available and cheap, the diesel engine design was changed to match the

properties of petroleum diesel fuel. The result was an engine which was fuel efficient and very powerful. For thenext 80 years diesel engines would become the industry standard where power, economy and reliability arerequired.

Modern Engine: Modern Fuel:

Due to the widespread availability and low cost of petroleum diesel fuel, vegetable oil-based fuels gained littleattention, except in times of high oil prices and shortages. World War II and the oil crises of the 1970s saw brief

interest in using vegetable oils to fuel diesel engines. Unfortunately, the newer diesel engine designs could notrun on traditional vegetable oils, due to the much higher viscosity of vegetable oil compared to petroleum diesel

fuel. A way was needed to lower the viscosity of vegetable oils to a point where they could be burned properly in

the diesel engine. Many methods have been proposed to perform this task, including pyrolysis, blending withsolvents, and even emulsifying the fuel with water or alcohols, none of which have provided a suitable solution.It was a Belgian inventor in 1937 who first proposed using Transesterfication to convert vegetable oils into fattyacid alkyl esters and use them as a diesel fuel replacement. The process of Transesterfication converts vegetable

oil into three smaller molecules which are much less viscous and easy to burn in a diesel engine. TheTransesterfication reaction is the basis for the production of modern biodiesel, which is the trade name for fatty

acid methyl esters. In the early 1980s concerns over the environment, energy security, and agriculturaloverproduction once again brought the use of vegetable oils to the forefront, this time with Transesterfication as

the preferred method of producing such fuel replacements.

BDT series Biodiesel Processors

Biodiesel processing units of Biodiesel Technologies, Kolkata, India produce ASTM D6751-compliant biodieselfrom any vegetable oil or animal fats with an Acid Value of 5% or less. Production rates range from 5000 Lts. To

5,00,000 Lts.per day. This production rate includes down time for regular maintenance and upkeeps well aspersonnel shift changes throughout the day.

BDT-Series Biodiesel Processing Unit Highlights:

Guaranteed to produce ASTM D6751-compliant biodieselContinuous Flow/ Modular Batch Transesterifiers, available

Waterless wash-zero water in - zero waste water outSkid mounted, versatile and expandable

Includes complete Installation, start up, & transitional assistanceAll units include a 5-day training curriculum and proficiency testing with a certified technician for up to FIVE

of your employeesTurn-key custom installation with complete build-out available

30 MTPD Multifeedstock Biodiesel Processing Plant operating on a Commercial Scale


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Our Product Line - Multifeedstock Biodiesel Processing Plants BDT Series

TECHNOLOGY

Building a greener future today starts by accessing the technology of tomorrow.

At Biodiesel Technologies, we work hard to provide the best in class technology through continuous process ofimprovement and innovation in our processing plants.

Our highly praised BDT-series processing units are the harvest of the effort. By looking outside the realm ofcontemporary biodiesel processing, Biodiesel Technologies has integrated scientific solutions from industries all

over the world, in production quality, system automation, chemistry, filtration, and efficiency. BiodieselTechnologies benchmark leadership continues to provide the Biodiesel industry with breakthrough advantages.

The Biodiesel Technologies Processing Advantage produces the highest quality biodiesel, significantlyexceeding all minimum standards for quality established by ASTM D6751 specifications. The fact that all our

BDT-series processing units are modular and have extremely low operating cost, is further example of BiodieselTechnologies, Kolkata, Indias commitment to our customers needs.

Our company was founded upon the ideal of creating a greener world. Biodiesel Technologies process removesall water content in the first stage of processing and never reintroduces water in the subsequent stages, thus

completely eliminating the risk of adding waste or contaminated water to our already taxed environment. Ourpledge to the environment and the biodiesel industry is to create clean systems that have zero waste stream, now

and in the future.
http://www.biodieseltechnologiesindia.com/bdt.pdfhttp://www.biodieseltechnologiesindia.com/bdt.pdf


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Biodiesel Technologies builds in versatility for an ever changing world. This advantage allows our customers toselect feedstock based on availability and price advantages.

Our BDT-series processors are built to be operated by an operator and one assistant. Biodiesel Technologies,Kolkata, India also offers custom automation systems that can be monitored from a single computer. Biodiesel

Technologies, Kolkata, India is committed to innovation, quality, and customer satisfaction. Let Biodiesel

Technologies help you to start building your biodiesel processing facility of the future, today!

Feature Description Competitive Edge

Chemical Adsorbentmade by World's bestchemical solutionsgroup.

Chemical Adsorbent allows awaterless wash process with azero toxic waste stream. Fuelproduced is ultra dry and hasa longer shelf life due to lessoxidation and no exposure towater.

Reduces oxidation from water contamination.

Eliminates the need for water supply and HazMat disposal permits.

Eliminates wastewater treatment system, thusreducing initial cost and reoccurring plantpower requirements.

Avoids EPA permitting issues.

Premixed LiquidMethylate available inthe market

Catalyst and Methanolpremixed together.

Does not require mixing methanol withcaustic and provides better safety forpersonnel.

Modular System Skid mounted modular design Skid mounted modular design

Scalable System Expandable capability up tothe limitations of the model

Can easily scale your processing capacity tomeet your requirements.

State of the ArtAutomation

Touch screen controls

Remote tank level monitoring

Fully automated system with computerinterface.

Large Range ofProcessor Sizes

5000 Ltrs/Day to 3,00,000Ltrs/Day.

Ability to choose exactly the right size systemfor your specific requirements.

Modular design allows for capacity up-grades.


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BDT MINI series

To redefine the technology of Biodiesel Production and to offer this to the Indian Home Brewers and smallproducers, we have brought in the following Mini series of Biodiesel Processors which are capable of Producing

Biodiesel from the following feed stock available in the Indian Subcontinent:

Karanj oilMadhucha oil

Neem oilJatropha oil

Waste Vegetable oilRubber seed oilAnimal Tallows

Acid Oils ( RiceBran, Palm etc)

These series of Biodiesel Processors are named BDT MINI SERIES

The Sizes of the Processing plants are as follows:1000 Lts per day - BDTMS 1K2000 Lts per day - BDTMS 2K3000 Lts per day - BDTMS 3K

These systems are very easy to operate and can be mounted on Tractor trailers as well for field production.Headquartered in Kolkata India, Biodiesel Technologies was conceived in 2002 inresponse to the serious environmental and health hazards arising out of the various

polluting emissions casing our environment. Mr. Amitabha Sinha, the sole proprietor ofthe organization proposed a journey for the present society at large from the present

polluted and harmful environment back to the green and pure environment as it was agesbefore. He thought of developing an alternative source of energy that can reduce

pollution levels in our country, organic in nature. Soon his thought were materialised intoaction when the idea/concept of manufacturing Biodiesel Processing Plants crystallized.

The feedstock used was organic in character which produced Biodiesel as per the ASTM,EN and BIS Standards. This marked the beginning of our organization. Since the

operation of the first Biodiesel processing Plant in Hyderabad, Biodiesel Technologieshas built a strong reputation as a leading pioneer in the manufacturing, fabricating and

assembling Biodiesel Processing Plants.

Biodiesel Technologies Kolkata, India traces its inception to the year 2002 wherein it hadcommissioned its first Biodiesel Processing Plant (Multi Feedstock) at Hyderabad. In

2008, Eastern Biodiesel Technologies Pvt. Ltd was incorporated to support the growingbusiness of the firm. Biodiesel Technologies Kolkata, India & Eastern BiodieselTechnologies Pvt. Ltd has a team of Highly Experienced and Skilled Professionals

working in the field of manufacturing, fabricating and assembling Biodiesel ProcessingPlants. We also feature in Jatropha Curcas Cultivation Technology. Our forte lies in

providing cutting edge Technology in Biodiesel Processing Plants of Various Capacities(5 MTPD to 300 MTPD). Our organizations work in tandem with the Global Community


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to help you shift to Green Energy by providing Agro Technology and ProcessingTechnology for Biodiesel to give our society a Cleaner and Greener Tomorrow.

Our Core Competencies:

Designing, Fabricating and Commissioning various capacities of Biodiesel ProcessingUnits.(5 MTPD, 10 MTPD, 20 MTPD upto 300 MTPD)*** MTPD Metric Tones Per Day***

Providing Technical Consultancy of our highly skilled and experienced professionals

for setting up and running the Biodiesel Processing Units.

To ease up the process and increase the efficiency of the plant we also specialize inproviding DRY WASH SYSTEM and OIL PURIFICATION & DEGUMMING

PLANTS.

We also deal with the supply of harvested, mature, healthy and high yielding variety ofsaplings, seeds of Jatropha with a high rate of 80%-90% germination, oil content of33% - 45% and other biodiesel yielding crops in huge quantity from our nurseries

located at various regions within the national boundary.

We undertake various types of projects:

Turn Key Projects

Pipe to Pipe Projects

Projects as per the requirement of the Client.

COMPANY VISION

Our sky is murky, Sheath of polluted emissions over our environment, AtmosphericPollution, Global Warming, Health Hazards, Scarcity of Fuels accompanied with everescalating price has become a major concern for the Global Community and Mankind

today.

Endurance has become convoluted and there seems no way apart from going the GREENWAY.

To combat the above, World is shifting quick to Green Energy-Biodiesel, Bio-Ethanol,Wind Energy and Solar Energy etc.

We, at Biodiesel Technologies, unite mutually with the Global Community to help youshift to GREEN ENERGY by providing Cutting Edge Technology for Manufacturing,

Fabricating and Assembling Biodiesel Processing Plants in order to provide anenvironmental friendly alternative source to High Speed Diesel (HSD). We would like to


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see our future generation breathing in a Clean and Green tomorrow.

We want to embark on making India an Energy Sufficient Country according to ourNational Mission. Working together we can make our country self sufficient in GreenEnergy rather than relying on imported Mineral Fuels which loads our atmosphere with

colossal amount of toxic emissions.

Documents

Biodiesel Refers to a Non-petroleum-based Diesel Fuel Consisting of Short