Biocontrol: What place

in crop protection?

K. KANE, C. MAUMENE

ARVALIS institut du végétal - France

Kunming, China

October 24 2018

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• Context

• Biocontrol: a few definitions

• Perimeter of Biocontrol: what are the regulations?

• What substances & products can be used?

• Biocontrol & tobacco crop

• A growing market

• What can we improve?

• Ongoing actions for the development of Biocontrol

• Future prospects

• Conclusion

Agenda

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• Strigent regulation & more pressure from the public

• Economy

• Loss of efficacy

Context : reduction of registered active

ingredients and commercial products

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Context : more than 60% reduction in active

ingredients & few new solutions developed

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

before 1993 2000 2005 2018

Sources: expertise scientifique collective « agriculture et environnement » chap. 2-1; e-phy anses

Philipps McDougall, sept 2013, R&D trends for chemical crop protection products and the position of the European Market.

70 active substances were in

development in 2000, 28 in 2012

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• Biocontrol,

• Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

• Good Agricultural practises,

• Organic production,

• Etc…

We are searching for new solutions

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IBMA’s definition

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• IBMA: International Biocontrol Manufacturers Association

• Biotic stress (diseases, insects and other pests, weeds)

• Natural mecanisms and interactions

• Management of stress and natural balances of populations

• For all types of agriculture and gardens and green spaces

Source : https://www.ibmafrance.com/biocontrole/

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Biocontrol is a set of plant protection methods based on the use of

natural mechanisms.

Alone or associated with other ways of protection of plants, these

techniques are based on mechanisms and interactions that govern the

relations between species in the natural environment.

Biocontrol is based on the management of the populations of

aggressors rather than on their eradication.

Source : http://agriculture.gouv.fr/quest-ce-que-le-biocontrole10/11/2018 7

French definition of biocontrol

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what are the biocontrol products?

Pheromones

Kairomones

vegetal,

Animal

& mineral

Macroorganisms Microorganisms

Chemical Mediators Natural Substances

Biocontrol products

Source : http://agriculture.gouv.fr/quest-ce-que-le-biocontrole

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• Either extracted from a natural source of material

• Or obtained by chemical synthesis and strictly

identical to a natural substance

What is a natural substance?

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Source: Note de service DGAL/SDQSPV/2018-528 16/07/2018 : liste Biocontrôle

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It cannot be:

• Carcinogenic, Mutagenic or Reprotoxic

• Classified toxic for humans, animals or the

environment

• A candidate for substitution (European Regulation)

83 active substances for 442 commercial products (July. 2018)

List updated every 2 months

How to join the biocontrol list?

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What regulations for biocontrol?

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Macroorganisms

Decree 2012-140

Ex: Ladybugs

Microorganisms

Natural substances

Chemical

mediators

Plant protection

products

ECR 1107/2009

BIOCONTROL

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What regulation for biocontrol?

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Biocontrol list

Ex: Herbicide

(nonanoïc acid)

Organic production

ECR 889/2008

Ex:Copper (candidate for

substitution)

Ex: Spinosad

(toxicology)

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• Exemption from compulsory reduction of uses

• Simplified & accelerated evaluation procedure

• Advertising authorized in the media

• Exemption from accreditation

• Authorized use in green spaces

• Sale to private individuals is authorized

• 50% reduction on the pharmacovigilance tax (0.1%)

What are the benefits of registration?

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• Ferric phosphate (general treatments)

➢ Protection against slugs / 300 000 ha

• Trichogram (20% of maize surface protected)

➢ Control of European corn borer / > 120 000 ha

• Nonanoic acid (vine, potato and soon on tobacco)➢ crown suckering for vine

➢ Top-killing of potato

➢ Suckers control for tobacco

• Sexual confusion (Pheromones)

➢ 70% orchards & 7% Vines

Some success stories

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List of biocontrol commercial products & active substances in use for tobacco

Active substances Commercial products Uses

General treatments

Coniothyrium minitans CONTANS WG Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Bacillus thurengiensis subsp. kurstaki

souche ABTS 351DIPEL DF Caterpillars

Ferric phosphate SLUXX Slugs

Biocontrol efficacy on tobacco crop

10/11/2018 158 active substances (18%) & 12 commercial products

Specific for uses on

tobacco

Helicoverpa armigera

nucleopolyhedrovirusHELICOVEX Caterpillars

Bacillus firmus FLOCTER Nematods

Essential orange oilESSEN'CIEL, LIMOCIDE, PREV-

AM

Thrips, aleurods, Blue mold,

powdery mildew

Paraffin oilVAZYL Y, ACTIPRON EXTRA,

OVIPRON EXTRANon persistant viruses

Bacillus subtilis souche QST 713 RHAPSODYSclerotinia sclerotiorum

Botrytis cinerea

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In 2017:

140 millions €

5% of the market

+ 25% increase

The biocontrol market in France

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Source: http://www.uipp.org/Actualites/Le-marche-du-biocontrole-bondit-de-25-en-2017

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Distribution of biocontrol products in 2017

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Natural substanc

es59%

Chemical mediator

s18%

Macroorganisms

14%

Microorganisms

9%

Per family

Fungicides

36%

Insecticides

27%

Pheromones

12%

Herbicides

8%

Regulators +

Repellents

5%

Molluscicides4%

others8%

Per function

Source: http://www.uipp.org/Actualites/Le-marche-du-biocontrole-bondit-de-25-en-2017

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• Efficacy

• Implementation

• Price

What can we improve?

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• Development of a French biocontrol industry

• Dialogue with the public authorities

• Support of the industry through research and

innovation (12% of sales of IBMA companies for Research & Development)

Ongoing actions for the development of biocontrol

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• Spreading the use of biocontrol products

• IBMA’s objectives for 2025

➢15% of the market

➢+ 100 new products: 50 by 2020

• Facilitating and speeding up registration: from

12 to 6 months

Future prospects for biocontrol

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• A booming business

• Answers societal expectations

• Manages resistance

• Adresses all forms of agriculture

Conclusion of Biocontrol

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