BiochipsBiochips

OverviewOverview

What is a Biochip? Components of Biochip In what way they work? Advantages of Biochips. Disadvantages of Biochips. Future of Biochips.

IntroductionIntroduction

Biochips invented 9 years ago by gene scientist Stephen Fodor.

Collection of miniaturized test sites of living entities (microarrays) arranged on a solid substrate that permits many tests to be performed at the same time in order to achieve higher throughput, speed, accuracy and smaller size.

In BriefIn Brief

Bio + Chip = Biochip Bio: stands for any biological entity

eg: protein, DNA Chip: a computer chip Biochip: a mate between biological

entity and a computers.

Types of BiochipsTypes of Biochips

Active

PositionEnergy supplier

implantable

external

Interaction

capture

Biochips

Function

Passive

Lab-on-chips

Components Of Components Of BiochipBiochip

The implantable biochipPassive Biochip: No BatteriesComposed of

MicrochipAntenna coilTuning capacitorGlass Capsule

Components Of BiochipComponents Of Biochip

Computer Chip: Stores the unique ID number

Components Of BiochipComponents Of Biochip

Tuning Capacitor: Charged by the small (1/1000 of Watt) signal sent by the reader

Components Of BiochipComponents Of Biochip

Antenna Coil: Primitive Radio antenna to receive and send signals

Components Of BiochipComponents Of Biochip

Glass Capsule: Made of biocompatible material such as soda lime glass, hermetically (air-tight) sealed, covered with Polypropylene polymer

In What Way They In What Way They Work?Work?

Transmits a small signal

Charges the tuning capacitor

ID number transmitted by the transponder

This number is then compared with a database listing of registered pets.

ImplantImplant

Injected by a Hypodermic syringe beneath the skin

Usually behind the neck in cats and dogs

Advantages Of BiochipsAdvantages Of Biochips

TO RESCUE THE SICK. TO FIND LOST PEOPLE. TO IDENTIFY PERSON UNIQUELY. IN MONITORING HEALTH CONDITION OF INDIVIDUALS IN WHICH THEY ARE SPECIFICALLY EMPLOYED. THEY CAN PERFORM THOUSANDS OF BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS ,OPERATIONS IN FEW SECONDS.

Disadvantages Of Disadvantages Of BiochipsBiochips

THEY RAISE CRITICAL ISSUES OF PERSONAL PRIVACY.

THEY MARK THE END OF HUMAN FREEDOM AND DIGNITY.

THEY MAY NOT BE SUPPORTED BY LARGE % OF PEOPLE.

THERE IS A DANGER OF TURNING EVERY MAN, WOMEN, AND CHILD INTO A CONTROLLED SLAVE.

THEY CAN BE IMPLANTED INTO ONES BODY WITHOUT THEIR KNOWLEDGE.

Future Of BiochipsFuture Of Biochips

If people feel that they loose their privacy because of Biochips, they may resist use of it. But if they feel that it could help in a lot of ways like detecting , monitoring and curing of diseases they can use them intensively. So it is users of chip who determine its future . 

ReferenceReference

Center of biological Microchips: http://www.biochip.ru/enAffymetrix: http://www.affymetrix.com/index.affxAgilent: http://www.chem.agilent.com/Scripts/PDS.asp?lPage=51http://www.av1611.org/666/biochip.html#Part3 http://www.biotechinsights.com/pages/biopr.html

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