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BIOACTIVITY OF MARINE ALGAE
NAME – ABHINAB DASREGD NO – 11MSM0052
GUIDE- DR. K.SUTHINDHIRANASSISTANT PROFESSORSBST, VIT UNIVERSITY
Marine Algae are a very large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic organism ranging from unicellular to multicellular.
USES Agar Fertilizer Nutrition
MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE OF ALGAE Antioxidant properties Anticancer activities Antibacterial activities. Anti-diabetic property
ALGAE MICROALGAE MACROALGAE
RED ALGAE GREEN ALGAE BROWN ALGAE
INTRODUCTION
AIM
The aim of our study is to investigate the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activity of
marine algae.
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this dissertation: Sample collection, Extraction, Phytochemical analysis,
Antioxidant activity, Antibacterial activity, MIC, Recovery, α- amylase activity, α- glucosidase
activity, HDAC activity & GC-MS analysis.
AIM & OBJECTIVE
Sample collection
Extraction
Phytochemical analysis (Hanaa et al., 2009)
Antioxidant activity (DPPH method) (M.A Jayasri et al., 2009)
Antibacterial by well diffusion method
MIC test
Recovery
α- amylase activity (M.A Jayasri et al., 2009)
α- glucosidase activity (M.A Jayasri et al., 2009)
HDAC inhibitory activity (By KIT method)
GC-MS analysis
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
SAMPLE COLLECTION
Cladophora rupestris
Chaetomorpha antennina
Ulva linza
METHANOL ETHANOL E.ACETATE METHANOL ETHANOL E.ACETATE METHANOL
ALKALOIDS MAYERS TEST + + + + + + +
WAGNERS TEST + + + + + + +
CARBOHYDRATE
MOLISHES TEST + + + + + + +
FELINGS TEST + + + + + + +
AMINO ACID & PROTEIN
NINHYDRIN TEST + + + + + + +
BIURET TEST - - - - - - -
PHENOLIC COMPOUND
FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST
+ + + + + + +
LEAD ACETATE TEST + + + + + + +
SAPONINS FOAM TEST - - - - - - -
GLYCOSIDES SULPHURIC ACID TEST
- - - - - - -
TANNINS FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST
+ + + + + + +
OILS & FATS SPOT TEST - - - - - - -
SAPONIFICATION TEST
- - - - - - -
FLAVONOIDS ALKALINE REAGENT TEST
+ + + + + + +
LEAD ACETATE TEST + + + + + + +
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Cladophora rupestris Chaetomorpha antennina Ulva linza
1 2 3 4 50
102030405060708090
Positive controlMethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (mg/ml)
Perc
enta
ge o
f D
PPH
Sc
aven
ging
Your Text Here
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
1 2 3 4 501020304050607080
Positive controlMethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (mg/ml)
Perc
enta
ge o
f DPP
H
Scav
engi
ng
1 2 3 4 501020304050607080
Positive controlMethanol
Concentration (mg/ml)
Perc
enta
ge o
f DPP
H
Scav
engi
ng
Cladophora rupestris Chaetomorpha antennina
Ulva linza
SL.NO SAMPLE NO EXTRACT INHIBITION % IC50 (mg/ml)
1 Cladophora rupestris Methanol 78 1.20
Ethanol 64 2.75
Ethyl acetate 72 2.25
2 Chaetomorpha antennina Methanol 70 2.30
Ethanol 61 2.55
Ethyl acetate 65 2.35
3 Ulva linza Methanol 72 2.20
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS
S.aureus
E.coli
V.parahaemolyticus
V.harveyii
S.aureus
V.alginolyticus
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8
E.coli
S.aureus
P.auregenosa
V.harveyii
V.para-haemolyticus
V.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
den
sity
at 5
20 n
mMINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC)
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.60.7 E.coli
S.aureus
P.auregenosa
V.harveyii
V.para-haemolyticus
V.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 10000
0.10.20.30.40.50.60.7 E.coli
S.aureus
P.auregenosa
V.harveyii
V.para-haemolyticus
V.alginolyticusConcentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Cladophora rupestris (methanol) Cladophora rupestris (ethanol)
Cladophora rupestris (Ethyl acetate)
PATHOGENIC MIC 50 (µg/ml)
BACTERIA Methanol Ethanol E.acetate
•E. coli 375 625 325
•S. aureus 425 537 287
•P. auregenosa 437 544 294
•V.harveyii 745 732 475
•V.parahaemolyticus 718 600 473
•V.alginolyticus 763 638 316
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.60.7
E.coli
S.aureus
P.auregenosa
V.harveyii
V.para-haemolyticus
V.alginolyticusConcentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.6
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.60.7
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.para-haemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Chaetomorpha antennina (Methanol) Chaetomorpha antennina (ethanol)
Chaetomorpha antennina (Ethyl acetate)
PATHOGENIC MIC 50 (µg/ml)
BACTERIA Methanol Ethanol E.acetate
•E. coli 396 618 378
•S. aureus 437 546 312
•P. auregenosa 456 498 301
•V.harveyii 712 719 468
•V.parahaemolyticus 738 595 437
•V.alginolyticus 801 618 339
250 500 750 10000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.40.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.para-haemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Ulva linza (Methanol)
PATHOGENIC MIC 50 (µg/ml)
BACTERIA Methanol
• E. coli 378
• S. aureus 433
• P. auregenosa 448
• V.harveyii 747
• V.parahaemolyticus 727
• V.alginolyticus 771
250 500 750 10000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
den
sity
at 5
20 n
mRECOVERY ACTIVITY
250 500 750 100000.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 10000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Cladophora rupestris (methanol) Cladophora rupestris (ethanol)
Cladophora rupestris (Ethyl acetate)
250 500 750 100000.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 10000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
250 500 750 10000
0.10.20.30.40.50.60.7
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Chaetomorpha antennina (Methanol)Chaetomorpha antennina (ethanol)
Chaetomorpha antennina (Ethyl acetate)
250 500 750 100000.10.2
0.30.4
0.50.6
E.coliS.aureusP.auregenosaV.harveyiiV.parahaemolyticusV.alginolyticus
Concentration (µg/ml)
Opt
ical
Den
sity
at 5
20 n
m
Ulva linza (Methanol)
250 500 750 100001020304050607080
MethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-A
myl
ase
inhi
bitio
n pe
r-ce
ntag
eα-AMYLASE ACTIVITY
250 500 750 10000
20
40
60
80
MethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-A
myl
ase
inhi
bitio
n pe
rcen
tage
250 500 750 1000020406080
Methanol
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-A
myl
ase
inhi
bi-tio
n pe
rcen
tage
Cladophora rupestris Chaetomorpha antennina
Ulva linza (Methanol)
SL.NO
SAMPLE EXTRACT INHIBITION %
IC50 (µg/ml)
1 C.rupestris Methanol 72 475
Ethanol 65 520
E. acetate 69 491
2 C.antennina Methanol 67 575
Ethanol 59 700
E. acetate 65 650
3 Ulva linza Methanol 71 600
250 500 750 10000
1020304050607080
MethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-G
luco
sida
se in
hibi
tion
perc
enta
geα-GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY
250 500 750 1000010203040506070
MethanolEthanolEthyl acetate
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-G
luco
sida
se in
hibi
tion
perc
enta
ge
250 500 750 1000010203040506070
U.linzaSeries2
Concentration (µg/ml)
α-G
luco
sida
se in
hibi
tion
perc
enta
ge
Cladophora rupestris Chaetomorpha antennina
Ulva linza (Methanol)
SL.NO
SAMPLE EXTRACT INHIBITION %
IC50 (µg/ml)
1 C.rupestris Methanol 64 478
Ethanol 59 512
E. acetate 62 445
2 C.antennina Methanol 60 650
Ethanol 57 725
E. acetate 61 643
3 Ulva linza Methanol 64 750
Sl. No Inhibitor Samples HDAC activity (OD/h/ml) HDAC Inhibition %
1 Cladophora rupestris 161 22.3
2 Chaetomorpha antennina 182.5 12.9
3 Ulva linza 172 17.1
4 Trichostatin A 130 58.9
HDAC ACTIVITY
C.rupestrisC.antennina U.linza Trichostatin A0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Inhibition %
Inhibitor samples
Inhi
bitio
n at
450
nm
HDAC activity of marine seaweeds
HDAC inhibition % of marine seaweeds Change of colouration during HDAC activity
GC-MS ANALYSIS
Cladophora rupestris
SL.N
O
RETENTI
ON TIME
COMPO
UND
NAME
MOL.W
EIGHT
FORMU
LA
1 6.16 Chloroac
etic acid
290 C16H31O2
2 9.84 Dichloroa
cetic acid
352 C18H34O2
3 14.30 Butyric
acid
140 C15H28O2
4 18.74 Trimecai
ne
248 C15H24ON
2
5 2.41 Benzami
de
263 C14H21O2
N3
6 27.14 Cyclohex
anol
124 C15H24ON
2
SL.
NO
RETEN
TION
TIME
COMPOUND
NAME
MOL.WEI
GHT
FORM
ULA
1 3.57 Diphenic
anhydride
224 C14H8O3
2 3.67 Eicosyne 278 C20H3O8
3 16.22 Menthol 156 C10H20O
4 17.02 Benzocinnoline 180 C12H8N2
5 17.47 Butyric acid 140 C15H28O2
6 19.62 Anthracenedio
ne
208 C14H8O2
7 28.70 Phenanthrenedi
one
206 C14H10O2
8 30.01 Trichosenyl
formate
366 C24H46O2
Chaetomorpha antennina
SL.NO RETENTION
TIME
COMPOUND NAME M
OL
.W
EI
GH
T
FORMULA
1 5.58 8-Heptadecene 238 C17H34
2 7.55 Isoneptadecanol 256 C17H34O
3 14.96 5-Eicosene 280 C20H40
4 15.32 Acetic acid 318 C18H35O2
5 15.51 1-Decanetheiol 174 C10H22S
6 17.02 Ethanol 312 C20H40O2
7 17.46 1-Oleylalcohol 268 C18HH36O
8 17.93 Butyric acid 140 C15H28O2
9 21.91 1,16-Hexadecanediol 258 C16H34O2
10 22.75 1,14-Docosanediol 342 C22H46O2
11 26.41 1-Pentadecane-
2,Methyl
224 C16H32
12 27.20 Menthol 156 C10H20O
13 29.27 Cyclohexanol 142 C9H18O
14 31.23 Trimecaine 24
8
C14H21O2N3
Ulva linza
Cladophora rupestris, Chaetomorpha antennina & Ulva linza had showed good
inhibitory results in antioxidant and antidiabetic inhibition assays. Therefore it
can be used in dietry supplements and in therapeutic use for the treatment of
diabetes. Though Butyric acid has good antioxidant property, It also inhibits
colonic tumor cells. The most important property of Butyric acid is that, it can
act as a HDAC inhibitor, inhibiting the function of Histone Deacetylase
enzymes. Due to present of Butyric acid in these three marine seaweeds we
can say that marine seaweeds have anti-cancer properties. Therefore it can be
used as antidiabetic properties and in therapeautic use for the treatment of
cancer.
CONCLUSION
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REFERENCE
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