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Biology Day 56
Monday, January 26 – Tuesday, January 27, 2015
Do)Now:&“Semester(2(Brainstorm”(1. Write today’s FLT 2. List two of your strengths as a
student 3. List two of your weaknesses or
challenges as a student 4. Describe 1-2 goals you have in
order to be successful in this class in Semester 2
Announcements&• Collabora:on&Schedule&Fri&1/30&&• Semester&2&– New&grades&– New&dojo&points&– Have&an&“I”?&&&• Will&revert&to&0&credits&(included&in&your&GPA)&aPer&10&days&
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Planner: • Finish Punnett Square WS • ToC #5 due Mon. 2/2
Table of Contents #5 20. Do-Now: Semester 2 Brainstorm 21. Intro. To Punnett Squares 22. Punnett Square WS
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Brainstorm Protocol • Identify the person in your group
with the most siblings • This person will be starting • Number your paper underneath
your do-now
Brainstorm Protocol • You will have one minute and thirty
seconds to generate answers • The winning group will get +5 dojo
points each or a treat • Your topic is….
Brainstorm Protocol • What have we learned about
meiosis and Mendel so far?
1:30 1:29 1:28 1:27 1:26 1:25 1:24 1:23 1:22 1:21 1:20 1:19 1:18 1:17 1:16 1:15 1:14 1:13 1:12 1:11 1:10 1:09 1:08 1:07 1:06 1:05 1:04 1:03 1:02 1:01 1:00 0:59 0:58 0:57 0:56 0:55 0:54 0:53 0:52 0:51 0:50 0:49 0:48 0:47 0:46 0:45 0:44 0:43 0:42 0:41 0:40 0:39 0:38 0:37 0:36 0:35 0:34 0:33 0:32 0:31 0:30 0:29 0:28 0:27 0:26 0:25 0:24 0:23 0:22 0:21 0:20 0:19 0:18 0:17 0:16 0:15 0:14 0:13 0:12 0:11 0:10 0:09 0:08 0:07 0:06 0:05 0:04 0:03 0:02 0:01 End 1:30
Standard • HS-LS 3-2
Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.
FLT • I will be able to predict the probable
outcome of phenotypes in a genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents by completing Intro. to Punnett Squares
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“Intro. to Punnett Squares”
• Fold or draw a margin on the left side of your paper!• We will take Cornell style notes!• Topics/terms go in the left
column!• Main notes go to the right
Video • Watch the following video clip • Noise level 0
Notes Protocol • Noise level 0!• Raise your hand to question/
comment!• Copy down all bolded ideas!
• Be prepared to answer questions
Pair-Share-Respond For purple and white flowers...!
1 What is the dominant trait?!2 What is the recessive trait? !
3 What are the possible phenotypes?!4 What are the possible
genotypes?
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Recall • Mendel discovered
that traits are inherited in predictable patterns
• For example, when he crossed hybrid (heterozygous) purple flower plants, he got: 25% white and 75% purple flowers
• How can we predict these results?
• Example: If we cross two heterozygous purple-flowered pea plants...!
• What are the possible genotypes of the offspring? !
• What is the ratio of the genotypes? !
• What is the ratio of possible phenotypes? !
• We can answer all of these by DRAWING and INTERPRETING Punnett squares :)
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Classwork 1. Complete the Punnett Square WS 2. If you finish early, you can… – Work on binder assignments – Get stamps!
Biology Day 57
Tuesday, January 27– Thursday, January 29, 2015
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“Punnett Square Notes B” 1. Write the FLT
Mendel first crossed homozygous purple flowers with homozygous white flowers.
1. What are the genotypes of each parent?
2. Draw a punnett square and fill it in 3. What is the % of offspring genotypes? 4. What is the % of offspring phenotypes?
Announcements&• ToC&due&– Monday&2/2&
– Get&stamps&this&week!&
• Chapter&6&Test&&– P.&1:&Thursday&2/5&– P.&3,&6:&Friday&2/6&&
Planner: • Finish Punnett Square WS B • Ch. 6 Test next Friday
Table of Contents #5 23. Punnett Square Notes B 24. Punnett Square WS B
Standard • HS-LS 3-2
Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.
FLT • I will be able to predict the probable
outcome of phenotypes in a complex inheritance genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents in by using Punnett squares.
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Notes Protocol • Noise level 0!• Raise your hand to question/
comment!• Copy down all bolded ideas!
• Be prepared to answer questions
Pair-Share-Respond 1. What is the difference between
phenotype and genotype? 2. In seals, having whiskers is dominant,
and not having whiskers is recessive. Give the: a. Heterozygous genotype b. Homozygous dominant genotype c. Homozygous recessive genotype
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Incomplete Dominance • But if we cross a red carnation with a white
carnation, all of the offspring are PINK! • Why?? • This is because the alleles are incompletely
dominant!
Incomplete Dominance • Incomplete dominance = The phenotype of
a heterozygous offspring is intermediate between (a blend of) those of the parents
• Cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another
Incomplete Dominance • Incomplete dominance: usually use all
capital letters, such as A and A’. !• For example, for red and white carnations: !– RR = Red carnation!
– R’R’ = White carnation!– RR’ = Pink carantion
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Codominance • Codominance = Both alleles in a
heterozygous organism are expressed in the phenotype !
• BOTH alleles contribute to the phenotype !• The offspring phenotype is NOT blended. !• Examples - checkered chickens, Roan Horses, Roan
Cows
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Codominance • For codominant alleles, we can use
different capital letters for each trait • For example: – BB = Black chicken – WW = White chicken – BW = Black and white chicken
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Classwork 1. Complete the Punnett Square Worksheet 2. Once finished, you may work on one of
the following: – Work on binder assignments – Work on make-up work
Quiz/Test Procedure 1. Clear your desk of everything
except a pencil 2. Noise level 0 3. Keep eyes on your own quiz/test
at all times 4. Raise your hand to ask a
question 5. Flip your quiz over and put your
head down when you’re finished
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Biology Day 58
Thursday, January 29 – Friday, January 30, 2015
“Punnett Square Notes C” 1. Write today’s FLT 2. A tall pea plant and a short pea plant
make all tall pea plants. What type of inheritance is this?
3. A brown cow and a white cow make brown and white spotted cows. What type of inheritance is this?
4. A black cat and a white cat make a gray kitten. What type of inheritance is this?
5. Draw the punnett square for the cross between two gray kittens. What % of the offspring will be gray?
Announcements&• ToC&due&– Monday&2/2&(P.&1,&3);&Tues.&2/3&(p.&6)&
– Get&stamps&this&week!&
• Chapter&6&Test&&– P.&1:&Thursday&2/5&– P.&3,&6:&Friday&2/6&&
Planner: • Finish Punnett Square WS C • Bring 1-2 pennies next class!
Table of Contents #5 23. Punnett Square Notes B 24. Punnett Square WS B 25. Punnett Square Notes C
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Planner: • Finish Punnett Square WS C • Bring 1-2 pennies next class!
Table of Contents #6 1. Punnett Square WS C
Standard • HS-LS 3-2
Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.
FLT • I will be able to predict the probable
outcome of phenotypes in a genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents in complex patterns of inheritance by completing Punnett Square Notes C
Cornell Notes • Fold or draw a margin on the left side of
your paper!• We will take Cornell style notes!• Topics/terms go in the left column!• Main notes go to the right
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Video Clip • Watch the following video clip to introduce
our lesson
Notes Protocol • Noise level 0!• Raise your hand to question/
comment!• Copy down all bolded ideas!
• Be prepared to answer questions
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Recall… 1. How many pairs of sex
chromosomes do human cells have?!2. What are the two types of sex
chromosomes? !3. What combination makes up males?!4. What combination makes up
females?
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• Sons get the X-chromosome from mother • Because men only have one X chromosome,
those traits are always expressed • X-linked traits are ALWAYS expressed in
males, but only sometimes in females
• Colorblind + bald genes are found on the X chromosome!
– XbY = male who is colorblind !– XBXb = female who is NOT colorblind !
– XbXb = female who is colorblind
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Pair-Share-Respond 1. What are the two types of sex
chromosomes? 2. Which pair do females have? 3. Which pair do males have? 4. Which parent determines whether or not
a son is bald or not? 5. If a gene is found only in males, what
chromosome must it be found on?
• Carrier = heterozygote that has both the normal and unwanted trait
• If a normal male XBY is crossed with a female carrier XBXb for baldness, what are the % phenotypes of the offspring?
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Do-Now: If a normal female XBXB is crossed with a bald
male XbY, what would the % phenotypes be of the offspring?
How is diversity created? Sexual reproduction creates diversity:!1. Mendel’s Law of Independent
Assortment !2. Crossing Over During Meiosis !3. Random fertilization !
4. Mutations (next chapter!)
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Pair-Share-Respond 1. What are three ways that sexual
reproduction helps create genetic diversity?
2. What states that different traits are inherited independently of each other?
3. When does crossing over occur? 4. What are the five patterns of
inheritance we’ve learned?
CW • Complete the Punnett Square WS • When finished, review your Ch. 6 notes – If you still have binder assignments to finish,
please complete those first
