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Group 1
• Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration. When the molecules are even throughout a space - it is called EQUILIBRIUM
• We signed out 3 test tubes filled with hardened 5% gelatin solution from the laboratory stock room.
Fig. 1 Three test tubes with equal amounts of gelatin
• Then simultaneously, we added 1 mL of each of the following reagents into separate tubes of gelatin:
Fig. 2 Potassium Permanganate Fig. 3 Methalyne Blue Fig. 4 Congo Red
Congo Red
Methylene Blue
KMnO4
Fig. 4 Diffusioin of KMnO4, Methylene Blue, and Congo Red in gelatin
• We observed and recorded the time required for the stains to reach the bottom of each tube.
At 5 minute intervals for 1 ½ hr, we
recorded the distance travelled by each stain through the gelatiin
Table 1 Distance Travelled by Potassium Permanganate, Methylene Blue, and Congo Red
Time (min) Distance Travelled (cm)KMnO4 Methylene Blue Congo Red
5 18 mm 16 mm 23 mm
10 18 mm 16 mm 25 mm
15 20 mm 16 mm 26 mm
20 20 mm 16 mm 26 mm
25 20 mm 16 mm 26 mm
30 20 mm 16 mm 26 mm
35 20 mm 17 mm 26 mm
40 21 mm 17 mm 26 mm
45 21 mm 17 mm 26 mm
Time (min) KMnO4 Methylene Blue Congo Red
50 21 mm 17 mm 26 mm
55 17 mm 17 mm 26 mm
60 17 mm 17mm 26 mm
65 17 mm 17 mm 26 mm
70 18 mm 15 mm 26 mm
75 19 mm 16 mm 26 mm
80 19 mm 16 mm 26 mm
85 19 mm 16 mm 26 mm
90 19 mm 16 mm 26 mm
Table 1.1 Distance Travelled by Potassium Permanganate, Methylene Blue, and Congo Red
• Which reagent diffused the farthest? As we have observed in the experiment,
Congo Red is the reagent that diffused the farthest.
MW KMnO4: 158.03 g/mol MW Methylene Blue: 319.85 g/mol MW Congo Red: 696.66 g/mol
Small molecules will generally have less obstacles, thus moving faster than the larger molecules.
• What primary factor determined the rates of diffusion of the 3 reagents?
The primary factor that determined the rates of diffusion is the size of the molecules of the substances. As mentioned earlier, the smaller the molecule, the faster it diffuses. The type of mixture is also a factor. Colloid is much compact than other solutions, that is why it is harder to diffuse substances in it.
How does diffusion in gelatin compare with diffusion in water?
Gelatin is denser than water and it is a colloid which implicates that the diffusion in gelatin would be slower in gelatin than in water.
THANK YOU!
• Bugay, Marian Louise• Carino JC Hope• Paredes, Jessica Elizabeth Marie• Quero, Allysa Kaye• Reyes, Clarissa• Villafuerte, Hazel Aracelli