Bilderberg Meetings Conference Report 1973

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PERSONAL ANDSTRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL NOT FOR PUBUCATIONIUTH&R IN WHOLE OR IN PART

BILDERBERG MEETINGS

SALTSJOBADENCONFERENCE

11-13 May 1973

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BILDERBERG MEETINGS

SALTSJOBADENCONFERENCE

l l-13 May 1973


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CONTENTS

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 5INTRODUCTION . . . . 9

FIRST ITEM OF TH E AGENDA"The Possibilities of the Development of a European Energy Policy, andthe Consequences for European-North American Relations."Summary of and Introduction to the International Working Paper 13Summary of and Introduction to the American Working Paper. 22Discussion : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

SECOND ITEM OF TH E AGENDA"Conflicting Expectations Concerning the European Security Con-ference."St:mmary of and Introduction to the Norwegian Working Paper 73Summary of and Introduction to the American Working Paper. 81Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

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L I S T O F P A R T I C I P A N T S

C H A I R M A N :H.R.H. TH E PRINCE OF THE NETHERLANDS

H O N O R A R Y S E C R E T A R Y G E N E R A L F O R E U R O P E :ERNST H. VAN DER BEUGEL

H O N O R A R Y S E C R E T A R Y G E N E R A L F O R T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S :JosEPH E. JOHNSON

H O N O R A R Y T R E A S U R E R :C . FRITS KARSTEN

AGNELLI, GIOVANNI ITALYANDERSON, ROBERT 0 . UNITED STATESBALL, GEORGE W . UNITED STATESBAUMGARTNER, WILFRID S. FRANCEB1>NNETT, SI R FREDERIC UNITED KINGDOMBEYAZIT, SELAHATTIN TURKEYBIRm, M. NuRI TURKEYBJ0L, ERLING DENMARKBJORGERD, ANDERS SWEDENBoITEUX, MARCEL FRANCEBREUEL, BIRGIT GERMANYBRZEZINSKI, ZBIGNIEW UNITED STATESBUNDY, WILLIAM P. UNITED STATESCITTADINI CESI, IL MARCHESE ITALYCOLLADO, EMILIO G . UNITED STATESDEAN, ARTHUR H . UNITED STATESDRAKE, SIR Eruc UNITED KINGDOMDuccI , RoBERTO ITALYGIROTTI, RAFFAELE ITALY

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GRANIER DE LILLIAC, RENEGREENHILL, SI R DENISGRIFFIN, ANTHONY G. s.HAAGERUP, NIELS j.HALLGRIMSSON, GEIRHEALEY, DENISHEINZ II, HENRY J .H0EGH, LEIFHouTHUYs, JozEFJANSSEN, DANIEL E .KERSTEN, OTTOKoHNSTAMM, MAxLAPHAM jR . , LEWIS H .LEHTO, SAKARILENNEP, jONKHEER EMILE VANLEVY, W A L T E R ] .LIED, FINNLoMBARDINI, SrnoLuNs, Jo sEP H M .A . H .LOUGHEED, PETERMACDONALD, DONALD S .MAUDLING, REGINALDMERLINI, CESAREMETTLER, ERICHMOYERS, BILL D.NEWHOUSE, jOHNOWEN, DAVIDPALME, 0 LO FPERKINS, JAMES A .PHILIPS, FRITS J .RITCHIE, ALBERT E.ROLL, SIR ERICROTHSCHILD, BARON EDMOND DERozEMOND, SAMUELSCHMIDT, HELMUTSEYDOUX DE CLAUSONNE, ROGERSIMON, JoHN M .SMITH, GERARD c.SNoY ET D'OPPUERs, BARONSOMMER, THEO

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FRANCEUNITED KINGDOMCANADADENMARKICELANDUNITED KINGDOMUNITED STATESNORWAYBELGIUMBELGIUMINTERNATIONALINTERNATIONALUNITED STATESFINLANDINTERNATIONALUNITED STATESNORWAYITALYINTERNATIONALCANADACANADAUNITED KINGDOMITALYSWITZERLANDUNITED STATESUNITED STATESUNITED KINGDOMSWEDENUNITED STATESNETHERLANDSCANADAUNITED KINGDOMFRANCENETHERLANDSGERMANYFRANCEUNITED KINGDOMUNITED STATESBELGIUMGERMANY

SPAAK, FERNANDSTEHLIN, PAULSTILLE, UG OSTOLTENBERG, THORVALDSTONE, SHEPARDSTRANG, GUNNARTAVERNE, RICHARDTERKELSEN, TERKEL M.TrnEMAND, OTTO G .UDINK, BEREND J .UMBRICHT, VICTOR H .WAGNER, GERRIT A .VVALLENBERG, MARCUSWICKMAN, KRISTERWILSON, CARROLL L.WisCHNEWSKI, HANs-]iiRGENWOLFF VON AMERONGEN, OTTO

IN ATTENDANCE :

SvENssoN, NILSLINDGREN, HuGoVERNEDE, EDWING ETCH ELLjR . , CHARLES W .

INTERNATIONALFRANCEITALYNORWAYUNITED STATESSWEDENUNITED KINGDOMDENMARKNORWAYNETHERLANDSSWITZERLANDNETHERLANDSSWEDENSWEDENUNITED STATESGERMANYGERMANY

SWEDENSWEDENNETHERLANDSUNITED STATES

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INTRODUCTION

The twenty-second Bilderberg Meeting was held at the Grand Hotel Saltsjiibaden in Saltsjiibaden, Sweden, on 11, 12 and 13 May 1973 under the chairmanship ofH.R.H. The Prince of the Netherlands.

There were 80 participants, drawn from a variety of fields: government andpolitics, universities, journalism, diplomacy, industry, transport, trade unions,the law, banking, foundation administration and military service. They camefrom thirteen Western European countries, the United States, Canada andvarious international organizations.In accordance with the rules adopted at each Meeting, all participants spoke

in a purely personal capacity without in any way committing whatever government or organization to which they might belong. To enable participants tospeak with the greatest possible frankness, the discussions were confidentialwith no reporters being admitted.The Agenda was as follows:

I. The Possibilities of the Development of a European Energy Policy, andthe Consequences for European-North American Relations.II . Conflicting Expectations Concerning the European Security Conference.At the opening of the meeting, H.R.H. The Prince of the Netherlands read a

telegram of thanks and good wishes which he had sent to H.M. Gustav VIAdolf and the reply which he had received from the latter.His Royal Highness expressed his regret at the absence of Professor JohnPesmazoglou, whose request for permission to leave Greece had been denied,and of Mr. Gerhard Schroder of West Germany, whose political commitmentshad prevented him at the last moment from attending.After recalling the Bilderberg rules of procedure, The Prince turned to thefirst item of the Agenda.

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THE POSSIBILITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENTOF A EUROPEAN ENERGY POLICY, AND THE

CONSEQUENCES FOR EUROPEAN-NORTH AMERICANRELATIONS

The background for discussion of this topic consisted of two working papers- one written by an International participant, the other by an Americanparticipant - which had been distributed before the meeting. These papers,and the comments of their authors in introducing them to the meeting, aresummarized below.

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GUIDELINES FOR A EUROPEAN ENERGYPOLICY AN D IT S CONSEQUENCES ON RELATIONS

BETWEEN EUROPE AN D NORTH AMERICAThe International author of this working paper began by pointing out thatthere was fairly widespread agreement as to why the energy situation wasalarming. The relevant figures were generally known, and diagnoses of theenergy trend differed little. The problem was what treatment to apply: weneeded an effort of imagination to avoid lapsing into fatalism, and a strong

sense of realism to guard against a Utopian approach.In this spirit, he proposed to examine the guidelines of a common energypolicy for the European Community, and then to consider how the mainenergy-consuming countries might cooperate with one another.I. The Community energy policy. Mapping out a Community energy policy was along-term task. So far it had produced a limited number of specific measures,but a new impetus was called for now, inspired by an overall vision.

A. Gradual materialization of the Community energy policySince the ECSC and Euratom treaties had dealt specifically with coal and

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industrial world wasan important subjec t for study, in the view of a Netherlandsparticipant.

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The consensus of the discussion could be said to have been summed up byan American speaker who had concluded that the only solution to the energycrisis was "a balanced program . . . at least a dozen different things pu ttogether." There was no single panacea, no rabbit to be pulled out of amagician's hat, so to speak.

Ou r problem, he said, was "to find how to get the flexibility of the privatesystem working within reasonable government frameworks, but not as a publiccorporation, to do the jobs that have to be done in the short and intermediatefuture."

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ITEM II


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CONFLICTING EXPECTATIONS CONCERNINGTHE EUROPEAN SECURITY CONFERENCE

Two working papers, summarized below, constituted the groundwork fordiscussion of this agenda item. The first was written by a Norwegian, the secondby an American participant .

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" "THE CONFERENCE ON SECURITY AND CO O PERA TIO N

IN EU RO PE:CONFLICTING EXPECTATIONS

I. The Norwegian author of this working paper said that our expectationsfor the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) weredetermined by our interpretation of the present situation in internationalsociety, as well as by our definition of the concept of security. He proposed tolist some of the major problems which made up the raw material of our longterm security; and then to point to certain lines of development that mightcontribute to their solution. SALT I and II , the agreement between WarsawBonn and between Moscow-Bonn, as well as the Berlin Agreement, CSCE andMutual Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR), should all be seen in this light,as possibly important steps towards the solution of our basic problems, and notas ends in themselves.Perhaps they should be seen as part of a mopping-up operation, a squaringaway of the remains of certain Europ ean problems that were still with us, inorder to clear the deck for an effort to solve more global and more alarmingproblems.

II . Security questions were not isolated aspects of political affairs; theystemmed from basic problems in national and world affairs, and as suchembraced all foreign policy. Foreign policy in turn was no longer limited toregulating relations between states. It was becoming a tool for the solution ofour most important problems, including many of the internal problems of ourseparate countries. Briefly these problems were:

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Documents

Bilderberg Meetings Conference Report 1973