Biggest cities in the World 2012ata.1. Tokyo, Japan - 35.7 million

2. Mexico City, Mexico - 19 million (tie)

2. Mumbai, India - 19 million (tie)

2. New York City, United States - 19 million (tie)

5. Sao Paulo, Brazil - 18.8 million

6. Delhi, India - 15.9 million

7. Shanghai, China - 15 million

8. Kolkata, India - 14.8 million

9. Dhaka, Bangladesh - 13.5 million

10. Jakarta, Indonesia - 13.2 million

11. Los Angeles, United States - 12.5 million

12. Buenos Aires, Argentina - 12.3 million

13. Karachi, Pakistan - 12.1 million

14. Cairo, Egypt - 11.9 million

15. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - 11.7 million

16. Osaka-Kobe, Japan - 11.3 million

17. Manila, Philippines - 11.1 million (tie)

17. Beijing, China - 11.1 million (tie)

Globalization hasn’t affected everyone

Moscow

Need 13.2 and .3

13.1The city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs is the urbanized area.

• If we are just looking at the population that resides within the political boundaries of a city, the 10 largest cities in the US in 2000 were (with percent change since 1990):1 New York city NY 8,008,278 9.4 2 Los Angeles city CA 3,694,820 6.03 Chicago city IL 2,896,016 4.04 Houston city TX 1,953,631 19.85 Philadelphia city PA 1,517,550 -4.3 Philadelphia city is coextensive with Philadelphia County. 6 Phoenix city AZ 1,321,045 983,403 34.37 San Diego city CA 1,223,400 10.28 Dallas city TX 1,188,580 18.09 San Antonio city TX 1,144,646 22.310 Detroit city MI 951,270 -7.5

• Here is a summary of CMSA/MSAs for April 1, 2000 (with percent change since 1990)

• 1 New York--Northern New Jersey--Long Island, NY--NJ--CT--PA CMSA 21,199,865 8.4%

• 2 Los Angeles--Riverside--Orange County, CA CMSA 16,373,645 12.7% • 3 Chicago--Gary--Kenosha, IL--IN--WI CMSA 9,157,540 11.1%

4 Washington--Baltimore, DC--MD--VA--WV CMSA 7,608,070 13.1%5 San Francisco--Oakland--San Jose, CA CMSA 7,039,362 12.6%6 Philadelphia--Wilmington--Atlantic City, PA--NJ--DE--MD CMSA 6,188,463 5.0%7 Boston--Worcester--Lawrence, MA--NH--ME--CT CMSA 5,819,100 6.7%8 Detroit--Ann Arbor--Flint, MI CMSA 5,456,428 5.2%9 Dallas--Fort Worth, TX CMSA 5,221,801 29.3%10 Houston--Galveston--Brazoria, TX CMSA 4,669,571 25.2%

Of the ten largest urban areas in the world, how many are in More Developed Countries today? 2

1. A central city with a population of at least 50,0002. its county (within which the city is located)3. Adjacent counties in which at least 15 percent of the residents work in the central city’s county

In the United States, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area? metropolitan statistical area

The process of legally adding land area to a city in the United States is annexation.

The process whereby an increasing percentage of people live in an urban area is known as urbanization. The important element of urbanization is an increase in the A) number of people living in urban settlements. B) percentage of people living in urban settlements. C) land area occupied by urban settlements. D) all of the above

Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization.

According to Louis Wirth, urban areas are more likely than rural areas to have A) larger size. B) higher density. C) more heterogeneity. D) all of the above

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that you may feel lonely and isolated in a crowd.

Handout

Chapter 13 Study Guide: Urban Geography

Cities in the periphery, Latin America, and Europe

Why is it argued that people in rural settlements have less freedom?

Why do many people living in huge cities feel lonely and isolated?

How is a teenager’s life in a small Nebraska town different from a teenager living in San Gabriel Valley?

How have distinctions between urban and rural residents been blurred in the developed world?

Why do many people move out of LA? (negative aspects)

Why stay? What are the benefits of a huge metropolitan area?

What three characteristics did Louis Wirth use to define a city? Briefly summarize how each of these characteristics influence the way urban residents live (social behavior).

• Large size: Friends and service people are different (rural area the same)

• High population density: specialization Social groups compete for limited space.

• Socially heterogeneous people: variety of people. Can be unique

Look at map

In 2007 over 50% of the world’s population became urban

• Urbanization in South-East Asia

• Cambodia 16%

• Indonesia39%

• Laos17%

• Malaysia 57%

• Myanmar27%

• Philippines 47%• Thailand

30%

Urbanization in: Europe

Austria 65%Belgium 97%France 74%Germany 86%Luxembourg 88%Netherlands 62%Switzerland 68%

This map shows the annual average growth rate between 2000 and 2005 in the proportion of people in each country living in urban

settlements.

The Urbanization ProcessUrbanization was stimulated by

advances in farm productivity that:

(1) provided the extra food to support the increased numbers of townspeople, and

(2) made many farmers and farm laborers redundant, prompting them to migrate to cities.

Urban Process:• In the first half of the 20th century, the fastest

urban growth took place in the western cities (New York, London, etc.).

• They were magnets for immigration and job opportunities.

• However, later on, more and more undeveloped counties and cities started to double or triple in population as well, despite having less resources and technology to sustain their people.

China video

The Pearl River Delta is an extended metropolitan region of more than 50 million

people.

< Hong Kong, China

< Guangzhou, China

The Pearl River Delta

shock city: fast, unplanned and irregular growth, often with disturbing

changes in economic, social, and cultural life.

Shock City: Chicago

Shock City: Lagos, Nigeria

Rio de Janeiro >

Cities of the Periphery are

often Unintended Metropolises

With great amounts of dualism (extremely rich and poor people)

megacity: a city with over 10 million people

A global city, also known as a world city, is a prominent

centre of trade, banking, finance,

innovation, and markets. Whereas

"megacity" refers to any city of enormous size, a global city is

one of enormous power or influence. Global cities, have more in common with each

other than with other cities in their host nations.

Mega City video 10:20 on dvd

The problems of the cities of the periphery stem from the way in which their demographic growth has outstripped their economic growth.

Peripheral cities problems : • Unemployment and Underemployment

Selling food in Delhi

Informal Economic Activities

• Crime

• Lack of Infrastructure (schools, roads, electricity)

Yangon suburb

Jakarta: poor drainage, barely paved, lack of services

• shortages of housing

Yangon suburb

• poor health care

• transportation problems

Air pollution Bangkok

Communist China 1982

Traffic in Beijing

• lack of clean water

• Environmental problems (pollution)

Smog in Delhi India

Eco friendly bus in Beijing

• poor sanitation

• Fiscal problems

• Cycle of poverty

Power goes out so live chickens are sold. Inadequate government services.

• corruption

Does Global Urbanization Lead Primarily to Undesirable

Consequences?

Why Global Urbanization is harmful (YES):

• Many researchers believe that poverty and health problems are consequences of urbanization.

• Most migrants believe that cities will offer more hope of a job and better health care and educational opportunities for their children.

• Unfortunately, the urban poor in developing countries live in squalor unlike anything they left behind in their rural past.

• Mega-city residents are crowded into unsanitary slums and are subject to serious disease outbreaks.

• They consume unsafe food and water that could subject these people to life-threatening diarrhea and dehydration.

• Horrible air pollution lead to many lung infections and respiratory problems.

• The current problem in urbanization is not that cities of the developing world are growing, but that they are expanding at a rapid pace.

• Urban populations will double in size in the next few decades, while rural populations are barely growing.

• According to a 1994 UN report, by 2030, more than half of all Asians and Africans will live in urban areas and Latin America and the Caribbean will be 84% urban, a level comparable to the U.S.

Why Global Urbanization is beneficial: Sustainable Urbanization

• Massive migration to urban regions in the developing world provides an opportunity for energy savings (subways, public transit), if planned properly.

• Urbanization could be a great opportunity for progressives to build a more peaceful world.

• Urbanization involves moving away from rural areas, which are often isolated and do not have an adequate education or political representation.

• The diffusion of ideas is best found in cities around the world.• Governmental costs will be reduced when goods and services are

delivered to those in more densely populated environments.

• Urbanization creates new potentialities for democracy.

• City dwellers have much more in common with each other, and get to interact with each other more often.

• This will start ending racism and prejudice which still resides in most rural areas today.

• Urban dwellers have a convergence of needs and desires that makes them a class with shared interests.

• urbanization presents a great opportunity for the world to achieve international peace and creates new possibilities for democracy and sharing of common interests across national boundaries.

• Urbanization does not always lead to a bad environment, as most environmentalists and progressives believe.