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Chapter 4 Section 3Get book and Open to
page 124
Anticipatory Set
Cell DivisionBig Idea
California StandardsScience Standard 7.1.e:
Cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes.
Science Standard 7.2.e:
DNA is the genetic material of living organisms and is located in the chromosomes of each cell.Paraphrase:
Cells divide and make identical copies of
themselves.
InputCell cycle: the regular sequence of growth
that cells undergoInterphase: The first stage of the cell
cycle(usually last the longest)replication: the process in which cells make
exact copies of the DNA and nucleusMitosis: The second stage of the cell cyclechromosomes: Double rod structures that
are created during prophasecytokinesis: The final stage of the cell cycle
Input Stage 1: Interphase Growing-
Cell grows to its full size and produces structures it needsEx: cell makes new ribosomes and produces enzymes;
copies are made of both mitochondria and chloroplasts.Copying DNA-
The cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in it’s nucleus (replication)
The chromatin appears as dense mass within a clearly defined nucleus.
At the end of DNA replication, the cell contains two identical sets of DNA.Preparing of Division-
Cells produce structures that it will need to divide into two new cells.
At the end of Interphase the cell in ready to divide.
Input Stage 2: Mitosis
The stage during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two nuclei.
During Mitosis on copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the two daughter cells.
Scientists divide Mitosis into four PHASES: PROPHASE, METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, AND TELOPHASE
Input Stage 2: MitosisProphase-
Chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form chromosomes.
The pairs of centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus.
Spindle fibers form a bridge between the ends of the cell.The nuclear envelope breaks down.
Metaphase-The chromosomes line up across the center of each
cell.Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber at its
centromere.
Input Stage 2: MitosisAnaphase-
The centromes splitThe Two chromatids separate, and each new chromatid
becomes a new chromosome. The new chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the
cell.The cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed
apartTelophase-
The chromosomes begin to stretch out and lose their rod like appearance.
A new nuclear is forms around each region of chromosomes.The DNA is once again separated from the cytoplasm by a
membrane.
Input Stage 3: CytokinesisThe cytoplasm divides. The organelles are
distributed into each of the two new cells.Usually starts about the same time as
telophase.When Cytokinesis is complete, two new cells,
or daughter cells, have formed.Each daughter cell has the SAME number of
chromosomes as the original parent cell.At the end of cytokinesis , each cell enters
interphase, and the cycle begins again.
Finish the Front of Notes on your ownAcross Disciplines: Math Patterns: Draw a picture of the stageQuestion: Write a question and
answer it.Different Perspectives: The differences
in cell division from an animal cell and plant cell
Summary: Write a summary of what you have learned.