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Lab 8: Forestry BMPs. Best Management Practices for Forestry. “… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of waters of the state.”. BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent NPS Pollution. Sediment (loose soil particles) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Best Management Practices for Forestry
Best Management Practices for Forestry
“… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the
physical, chemical, and biological integrity of waters of
the state.”
“… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the
physical, chemical, and biological integrity of waters of
the state.”
Lab 7: Forestry BMPs
BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent
NPS Pollution.
BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent
NPS Pollution.Sediment (loose soil particles)
Organic materials (tree tops and limbs)
Temperature (caused by the removal of shade)
Trash
Pesticides and Nutrients (herbicides & fertilizers)
Sediment (loose soil particles)
Organic materials (tree tops and limbs)
Temperature (caused by the removal of shade)
Trash
Pesticides and Nutrients (herbicides & fertilizers)
ResponsibilityResponsibility
LandownersForest resource managersTimber purchasersLoggersVendors
LandownersForest resource managersTimber purchasersLoggersVendors
“… all those involved in the authorization, planning and implementation of forestry operations.”
“… all those involved in the authorization, planning and implementation of forestry operations.”
1. Streamside Management Zones
1. Streamside Management Zones
SMZs are used to:•Reduce channel and floodplain erosion•Control deposition of pollutants into surface waters•Maintain biological integrity of aquatic ecosystems•Retain the capability of the forest floor to filter out pollutants from upland runoff
Other names for Streamside Management Zones (SMZs):Other names for Streamside Management Zones (SMZs):
• Buffer Zones• Wildlife Corridors• Riparian Zones• Leave Strips
• Buffer Zones• Wildlife Corridors• Riparian Zones• Leave Strips
1. Streamside Management Zones1. Streamside Management Zones
Things to Consider:Things to Consider:
•Width should vary (min. 35 feet)•Protect from destabilization•Maintain shade and organic recruitment•Maintain forest floor•Control: logging debris, mech. operations, pesticides, fertilizers, trash
•Width should vary (min. 35 feet)•Protect from destabilization•Maintain shade and organic recruitment•Maintain forest floor•Control: logging debris, mech. operations, pesticides, fertilizers, trash
1. Streamside Management Zones1. Streamside Management Zones
SMZ IllustrationSMZ Illustration
Harvesting in a SMZ should be done so as to protect the forest floor & understory vegetation from damage.
Harvesting in a SMZ should be done so as to protect the forest floor & understory vegetation from damage.
2. Stream Crossings2. Stream Crossings
• Avoid crossing streams if possible• Use the fewest number as possible• Locate and construct with least
damage• Install at right angles to stream• Remove temporary crossings• Stabilize and maintain permanent
crossings
• Avoid crossing streams if possible• Use the fewest number as possible• Locate and construct with least
damage• Install at right angles to stream• Remove temporary crossings• Stabilize and maintain permanent
crossings
Log CrossingsLog Crossings
2. Stream Crossings2. Stream Crossings
CulvertsCulverts
Make fill over a culvert the high spot in the crossing.
Make fill over a culvert the high spot in the crossing.
Use adequate
size
Use adequate
size
2. Stream Crossings2. Stream Crossings
Bridges create the least disruption to stream flowBridges create the least
disruption to stream flow
2. Stream Crossings2. Stream Crossings
3. Forest Roads3. Forest Roads
• Proper planning and location is key
• Avoid problem areas• Minimize soil exposure• Stabilize exposed soil• Close temporary roads• Maintain permanent
roads• DRAINAGE,
DRAINAGE
• Proper planning and location is key
• Avoid problem areas• Minimize soil exposure• Stabilize exposed soil• Close temporary roads• Maintain permanent
roads• DRAINAGE,
DRAINAGEEx: Crowned road
Water bars should be installed based upon gradeWater bars should be installed based upon grade
• 5% slope = 135’
• 10% slope = 80’
• 20% slope = 45’
• 5% slope = 135’
• 10% slope = 80’
• 20% slope = 45’
3. Forest Roads3. Forest Roads
Surface flow
4. Timber Harvesting4. Timber Harvesting
• Develop a harvesting plan
• Location of landings
• Felling direction• Proper skid trails• Harvesting system• Trash disposal
• Develop a harvesting plan
• Location of landings
• Felling direction• Proper skid trails• Harvesting system• Trash disposal
Things to Consider:
Selecting the right harvesting system is critical Selecting the right harvesting system is critical
4. Timber Harvesting4. Timber Harvesting
Selecting the type of harvesting
4. Timber Harvesting4. Timber Harvesting
Lab 7: Forestry BMPs Activities
• Foresters begin by estimating amount of timber
Activity 1:To do this measure tree height and dbh (diameter at breast height)
• Next logging plot must be assessed for presence of streams and downslope impacts.
Activity 2 : Plot logging area using GMPs