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Jainism ( Jñāna ). Ben Morris and James Whitlinger. Experiential. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ben Morris and James Whitlinger
Jainism (Jñāna)
Kevala: Similar to enlightenment of Buddhism, Kevala is absolute knowledge and understanding. Kevala is achieved
either in this world or at the time of death. Similar to Buddhist enlightenment, when Kevala is achieved, your soul is free from action and desire, free from reincarnation and
karma. It can be achieved by following the Triratnas:• Right conduct• Right faith• Right knowledge
EXPERIENTIAL
Biography of Mahavira:Mahavira was the son of King Sidhartha and Queen Trishala
and was born in 599 BCE in east India. When he reached age thirty, shortly after the death of his parents, Mahavira (Vardhamana), left the palace to live a life renouncing all
worldly pleasures and subjecting himself to much pain and extremely long fasting periods until he achieved
enlightment. He began to teach to other people his path to enlightenment. By the time of his death at age 72, he had gained 14,000 monks and 36,000 as followers. One of his
immediate disciples, Jambu, was the last to achieve enlightenment according to scriptures.
MYTHIC
The teachings of Mahavira have been recorded in a sacred book known as the Agamas. Unfortunately, many of the
original teachings have been lost.
Texts had to be memorized by Jain monks and followers of Mahavira because of their vow of non-acquisition. Some, however, transcribed his teachings and passed them down
through many generations.
DOCTRINAL
Statues of the Tirthankaras:
MATERIAL
Five Great Vows:
1. Ahimsa- Nonviolence.2. Satya- Truth3. Asteya- Non-stealing4. Brahmacharya- Chastity5. Aparigraha- Non-possession/attachment
ETHICAL
• All Jains start out their day with a recitation of Navkaar mantra.
• Festivals:• Mahavira’s birthday in April• Mahavira’s death anniversary in October• Nine day fasting period eating only bland food
• Similar to Buddhism, Jainism’s core values are meditation and fasting. These two rituals are observed all throughout a Jainist’s life.
RITUAL
Four Varnas:1. Brahman- Priests2. Rajanya (Ksatriya)- Warriors3. Vaisya- Merchants and Landowners4. Sudra- ServantsSects of Jainism:5. Digambara -monks live completely naked -not allowed to have any possessions -cannot touch anyone of the opposite sex6. Svetambara -clothed
SOCIAL
The main disagreements between Digambara and Sventambara Jainists are details of Mahavira’s life, whether monks should wear clothes, the spiritual status of women, and which texts should be accepted as scripture.