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Below is an image that shows ‘Stratigraphy’. This is the layers of earth that build up over time.
1500-TODAY
Ice age up to 12,000 BC
12,000 BC-100AD
AD 100-1500
Grass
?
NEXT
1500-TODAY
AD 100-1500
12,000 BC-100AD
Ice age up to 12,000 BC
Grass
?
NEXT
Grass
1500-TODAY
AD 100-1500
12,000 BC-100AD
Ice age up to 12,000 BC
?
NEXT
1500-TODAY
Grass
AD 100-1500
12,000 BC-100AD
Ice age up to 12,000 BC Then what is this layer? Think about what is
in it and how it is placed.
NEXT
1500-TODAY
Ice age up to 12,000 BC
12,000 BC-100AD
AD 100-1500
Grass
CLICK to go back to pictures
Here are the images to cut and paste onto the layers in the previous slide:
CLICK to go to template
BACK
Is that a human skull?
Is that Earth?
Thousands of years ago all the countries in the world were joined together. The ancestors of the Native American Indians walked across countries to what is now America. The countries then drifted apart, trapping the Indian ancestors in America.
Thousands of years ago people looked a bit different to us. As you can see they had different shaped skulls. Gradually over time people changed into what we look like to day.
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In 12,000 BC the Indian tribes were experiencing an Ice Age. This was were the land was covered in ice and snow, the Indians would have found it hard to survive in these conditions. They would have used the skins of animals to keep warm and would have lived in caves.
Wow! That looks cold!
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The Indians in 12,000 BC would have been Hunter Gatherers. This means they would not have settled in one place, they would have followed herds of animals around the land and hunted them.
They would have used flint and stone tools to hunt with
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Archaeological evidence shows that Indians between 12, 000 BC and AD 100 are still using stone and flint, they do not have metal. They are also making items to do with their religion.
Items like feathers are used to heal people in special dances.
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At this time most Native American Indians are still hunter gatherers, moving with the animal herds. They live in tepee’s which can be assembled and taken down easy.
Some Indian tribes on the coast form villages, where they fish, rather than follow animal herds around.
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Native American Indians mainly hunted animals across the land, however there are a few tribes that settled down and became farmers.
The sort of materials that were grown include plants like tobacco.
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The final phase saw white people coming to America from Europe. They brought many new technologies with them, like guns.
The Indians tried to be peaceful to the white men, but the white men ended up taking more and more Indian land.
White men brought with them metal, they showed the Indians how to make better weapons.
The white me also brought with them new diseases which made many of the Indians sick. The Indians used sweat lodges to try and cure themselves
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The Indians fought the white men at the Battle of the Little Big Horn and won. They defeated General Custer.
Gradually however, the white men won and took over all of the Indian lands.
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Why is there a coke can in the stratigraphy?
Is there a reason why it is in the same layer as the Indian archaeology?
Look back at the stratigraphy and discuss it with your partner, see if you can work it out.
