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Mythology Poster and Synopsis

Objective: SWBAT describe the evolution of democracy in Athens and anticipate effects of this evolution in today’s world

BJOTD: Why do bees have sticky hair?

Mythology Discussion Questions Turn your paper into the black bin by Sean Be able to answer these questions:

What is Greek mythology? Who were some of the major gods and what were

they the gods/goddesses of? What purpose does Greek mythology serve?

Ancient GreeceThe Rise of the City-State,

Athens vs. Sparta

Early City-states Polis: same as city-state (city and

surrounding countryside)

Polis had 2 purposes: Promoting civic participation Promoting commercial/business life

Agora City-center/business district Place for discussion

Acropolis Fortified area of city Used for defense Place for royalty,

women, children to hide during war

Athens vs. Sparta

Athens - Geography Attica (Just north of

Peloponnesus)

Athens - Economy Extensive Exported wine and olive oil

Athens - Education Boys from wealthy families attended school Reading, writing, music, and poetry Goal excellent public speakers (voice their

views about democracy) Military training

Athens - Government

Political and Social Change – Aristocracy to Tyranny Farmers borrowed money from aristocrats

(pledged land as security) Many farmers could not repay loans – lost

land and became sharecroppers or day laborers in the cities (some sold themselves into slavery)

Foreign artisans, who supported Athens's economy, were denied citizenship by the government.

Political and Social Change – Aristocracy to Tyranny Merchants and soldiers resented the power

of the nobles Common people had no voice in the

government (aristocracy controlled it all)

Tyranny - Reformers Draco – Written code of laws (took away

power from aristocrats to dictate what was legal and what was not)

Tyranny - Reformers

Cleisthenes

Reorganized the Assembly

Created Council of 500

Encouraged Direct

Democracy

Democracy Direct Democracy speak on your own

behalf Citizenship 1. Male 2. Free 3. Athenian 4. Adult Duties of citizenship participate in

government (speak up), military service, taxes

Sparta - Geography Peloponnesus

(Southern part of Greece)

Sparta - Economy Limited Spartans looked down on trade and wealth Spartans were not allowed to travel – might

pick up new ideas that could be dangerous to the stability of the state

Foreigners were discouraged from visiting Sparta

Sparta - Education Focused on military training and obedience to

authority Boys were taken from their mothers at the

age of 7 and put under the control of the state They lived in quasi-military barracks where

they were subject to harsh discipline At 20, Spartan males were enrolled in the

army for regular military service

Sparta - Education At 30, Spartan males were recognized as

mature and allowed to vote in the assembly and live at home

While their husbands lived in the barracks, Spartan women lived at home had greater freedom of movement and greater power in the household than other women in Greece

Women encouraged to exercise and remain fit to bear and raise healthy children

Sparta - Education Discouraged the study of philosophy,

literature, or the arts – subjects that might encourage new thoughts

Sparta – Government Oligarchy 2 Kings responsible for military affairs and

served as the supreme priests within the state religion

The kings shared power with the Gerousia, a council of elders

Gerousia consisted of 28 citizens over the age of 60, who were elected for life, and the two kings

Sparta – Government Gerousia prepare proposals that would be

presented to the apella, an assembly of male citizens (only voted on proposals – no debate)

Assembly elected the Gerousia and the Ephors, a group of 5 men who were responsible for supervising the education of youth and the conduct of all citizens