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Bellringer. Clear off your desk… ITS QUIZ TIME!. Agenda. The First Greeks Foundations of Greek Culture Ancient Greek Values. Objectives. Students will be able to… 36. Identify the foundations of Greek values and culture, including the Minoans and Mycenaeans . Objective #36. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Bellringer• Clear off your desk… ITS QUIZ TIME!
Agenda1. The First Greeks2. Foundations of Greek Culture3. Ancient Greek Values
ObjectivesStudents will be able to…36. Identify the foundations of Greek
values and culture, including the Minoans and Mycenaeans.
Ancient Greece• Most historians consider Ancient
Greece to be the foundation of our culture today• Understanding Ancient Greece is
essential for understanding ourselves• But where did Ancient Greek culture
come from?
Objective #36
The First Greeks
The Minoans• Civilization based on the island of
Crete–Capital at Knossos
Where is Ancient Greece?
Where is Crete?
Minoan Civilization• Named after King Minos–You read about him…
• Dominant in Mediterranean trade from 2000 to 1400 BCE• Not quite Greek, but Greek-like
Minoans Collapse• Recover from disaster in 1700 BCE• Can’t recover from earthquakes and
volcanic eruption in 1470 BCE• Probably invaded from mainland
Greece
Cultural Diffusion!• Minoans trade throughout
Mediterranean–Mainland Greece (Europe)–Asia Minor–Egypt
• Spread pottery techniques, religion, and maybe language
Then, the Mycenaeans
• Nomads settle in Greece, borrow cultural ideas from the Minoans, and probably invade Crete• Mycenaeans –Take over Mediterranean trade–Fall to nomadic invaders around
1200 BCE
The Mycenaeans
Before they die…• The Mycenaeans create Greek culture–Language–Religion/mythology–Art and literature
• They also fight the Trojan War• Remember Helen’s Husband and
Brother-in-law?
Ancient Greek Values
Greek Values• Respect the gods• Family• Arete (valor or virtue)• Agon (competition)• Kleos aphthiton (undying glory)
Respect the Gods• The gods are like high schoolers–Jealous–Petty–Easily angered–And they hold grudges
• Don’t make them angry, or you will pay–Myths tell you how to act–Rule #5
Family• Loyal to their family and friends, welcome
guests as temporary family members• Examples:–Greeks fight for 10 years to get Helen
back in the Iliad, led by Helen’s husband’s brother–Odysseus travels for 10 years to return
home to his wife, who remains faithful
Arete• Your value or worth, your moral
excellence• Examples:–Warriors and athletes honored in
the Iliad and Odyssey –Celebration of Odysseus’ and
Penelope’s intelligence
Agon• Competition or conflict, whether in
sport, battle, or conversation. The Greeks love to compete• Examples:–Constant athletic challenges
throughout the Iliad and Odyssey –Olympic Games
Kleos Aphthiton• Undying glory – the ultimate goal for the
Ancient Greeks was to be remembered forever• Examples:–Achilles (Iliad): you know how he died–Kings trying to be the most powerful–Olympic athletes–Spartan warriors
The Tale of Croesus• Herodotus: the world’s first historian• Croesus: the king of Lydia, the most
powerful kingdom in Western Asia
Where is Lydia?
Greece
LydiaPersia
The Oracles• Oracles can see the future• Most famous oracle was at Delphi• Locals will allow you
to ask questions of the oracle…for a price
Treasury of the Athenians at Delphi
Oracle at Delphi
A Mighty Empire Falls
• The Lydian Empire!
A Mule is Monarch• It was Cyrus!• “the mule cited in the oracle is Cyrus
himself, who was born from parents of different peoples and different social stations.”
The Lessons1. Oracles are vague and must be
interpreted carefully2. Hubris (excessive pride) will bring
you down
Mr. Poth’s Rule of World History #6
If you act like you can’t lose, you will
What are some similarities between the Mycenaeans
and Minoans?
-Pre-Greek Civilizations- Both conquered
- Both dominated Mediterranean trade
Palace at Knossos
Grand Staircase
Theater
Plumbing
6 miles of interlocking pipes to bring water from
the mountain
Art (frescos)