Bell Ringer

Miniature Earth – If the population of the Earth were shrunk to just 100 people, but the proportions were kept the same, what would it look like? This video will show us.

http://www.schooltube.com/video/a6df161afdd345dab931/Miniature-Earth

POPULATION

What is Demography?

study of population

What is a primary tool of demographers?

Census- survey of population, done every 10 years by the federal government

What is Population Distribution?

Habitable Lands - 2/3 of population between 20*N and 60*N

Urban-Rural Mix – ½ of population lives in cities, more each year

Migration – people moving, causes change in population

Push Factors – reasons people leave home

Pull Factors – reasons people come to new home

Global Population Distribution

What is Population Density?• The number of people in a unit of space.• Example: “8,500 people per square mile”

How do demographers determine who is growing?

Birth rates and Death rates

What are Birth Rates?Birth Rate – number of live births per 1000 people

Fertility Rate – average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime

What are Death Rates?Death (Mortality) Rate – number of deaths per 1000 people

Infant Mortality Rate – number of deaths among infants under 1 year old, per 1000 live births

What is Rate of Natural Increase?Rate of Natural Increase- % a population grows in one year

Birth Rate minus Death Rate

=

Rate of Natural Increase

What is Doubling Rate?Doubling rate- number of years it takes for a population to double.To figure the growth rate:

70 / Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

=

Number of years to double population

Example: Mexico has an RNI of 1.7, so 70/1.7 = 41.17… so Mexico will double in population in about 41 years!

Population Growth Over Time “The J Curve”

What caused the growth rate to increase?

Technology- Any invention, innovation (new idea) or tool that increases production.

When did the population explode?

During the Industrial Revolution

Late 1700’s to 1900’s

Extensive use of machines to increase productionHow does increased production cause population to increase?

What is over population?number of people exceeds available resources

What is the Demographic Transition Model?

Complex line graph

Categorizes a country based on birth & death rate

Determines:GrowthStandard of LivingLevel of industrialization

Demographic Transition Model

What are the levels or stages of development?

Don’t write this… just be aware of it.

Researchers identify either four or five stages of development. The stages may be called different names by different people, but don’t get confused. They mean the same things.

We will use five stages in this class.

Stage 1

Very high birth rates.

Very high death rates.

Result: slow growth rates

Pre-industrial, hunter/gatherer societies in remote areas.

Stage 2 Very high birth rates

High death rates, but dropping quickly

Result: rapid growth rates

Very low standard of living

Found in poor countries in Africa, Caribbean, and Cen. America

Least Developed Countries

Stage 3 Moderate to high birth rates

Low death rates

Result: explosive growth rates

Causes a large population increase, but standard of living remains low

Mexico, S.E. Asia, and the Middle East

Developing Countries and the Newly Industrialized Countries

Stage 4 Low birth rates

Low death rates

Result: slow growth rates

Population slowly increases, with a high standard of living

Examples include the USA, Canada, Australia/NZ

Developed Countries

Stage 5 Very low birth rates

Very low death rates… sometimes increasing

Result: No growth, even population loss

Population begins to shrink, usually has a high standard of living

Examples include Russia, many E. European countries

“Post – Developed Countries”

POPULATION PYRAMIDS

Complex Bar Graph

What is shown?• Males and Females by ageWhy?

Demographers use age and sex to help predict info. about a country

How do population pyramids work?wide base = high % of childrenNarrow base = low % of children

What type of graph is a Population Pyramid?

Making Predictions Quick Write #1

Look at the shape of these charts, and think about them. Then try to answer these questions on a separate paper.

Which has a higher % of children?

Which is most wealthy, most poor?

Which has the most unemployed?

Which probably has best health care?

Which has most not going to school?

Projected U.S. Population Growth 1950-2050

Mexico Population Pyramid 1980- 2005

France Population Pyramid1990-2015

Making Predictions – Quick Write #2

Which country is growing the fastest?

Are any of the countries populations going to shrink?

Which country has the least amount of people below the poverty line?

Which country would a couple be most likely to have no children, 2 kids, 6 kids?

Which country has the greatest % of doctors, least?