Bell Ringer – March 15 & 16

• Where was the Battle of Britain fought?

• Which battle was considered a turning point in the east – Germany had to retreat?

• Which battle is considered the worst military defeat in U.S. history?

The The HolocaustHolocaust

1933-1945

The Coming of the Holocaust

Adolf Hitler wrote the book Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”) where he discussed his hatred for the Jews.

Anti-Semitism: hostility towardsAnti-Semitism: hostility towardsor discrimination against Jews.or discrimination against Jews.

Hitler’s Plan Begins

Hitler believed that his Aryan race (a German who has blonde hair and blue eyes) was superior to all other races.

This belief is called Aryan Supremacy.

Anti-Semitism in the 1930’s

Avoiding Jewish-owned businesses was encouraged.

Tormenting Jews was allowed.

Discrimination Against Jews

Burning of the Books

April 6, 1933 Nazis conducted a campaign to burn all books

in Germany which did not correspond with Nazi

ideology.

(Ex. Albert Einstein, Helen Keller, and Hemmingway)

The Night of the Broken GlassNov. 9 to

Nov. 10, 1938

KristallnachtIt was a night filled with chaos when Germans burned synagogues (Jewish temples) and broke the windows of Jewish stores.

The Holocaust

The Holocaust was the murder of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazis and their collaborators during World War II. Mass killings began in June 1941 with the shooting of Jewish civilians during the German invasion of the Soviet Union. At the end of 1941, the Germans began deporting Jews to killing centers in occupied Poland. By May 1945, about two out of every three Jews in Europe had been murdered.

Animated Map

GhettosGhetto: section of the city where Jews were forced to live. Ghetto: section of the city where Jews were forced to live. Ghettos were separated by walls and barbed wire.Ghettos were separated by walls and barbed wire.

Ghettos

•Example: Warsaw, Poland

•Forced Labor

•Starvation

•Disease

Concentration Camps

• Concentration Camps: places built by the Nazi’s where they could kill Jews systematically.

• Examples:

Auschwitz, Dachau,

and Buchenwald• Also called Death

Camps and Extermination Centers

Roll Call in front of the kitchen.

Auschwitz Entrance

Selection at Auschwitz

“Final Solution”

The “Final Solution”

was the Nazi plan

to exterminate all the

Jewish people.

Genocide is the deliberate destruction of a racial, political,

or cultural group.

Experiments

Safari Montage : GenocideChapter 5: Genocide: The Holocaust 

DeathsCountry Pre-War Jewish

PopulationNumber of

Jewish DeathsPercent Killed

Poland 3,300,000 3,000,000 90%

Germany and Austria

240,000 210,000 90%

France 350,000 90,000 26%

Total (19 countries

included)

8,861,800 5,933,900 67%

Survivors Liberation began in January of 1945

Nuremburg War Crimes Trial

• After the war, 22 Nazi leaders were put on trial

• Accused of violating the laws of war and committing “crimes against humanity”.

Causes of The Holocaust

H itler’s belief in the master race

A nti-Semitism

T otalitarianism & Nationalism

R acist genocide

E conomic depression blamed on the Jews

D efeat of Germany in WWI blamed on the Jews