Bell Ringer

Find your new seat then put your index card on my

front lab desk

Please take out your Cells Structure and Function

packet of notes

If you are typing your notes login into your

computer and download them from my webpage

Answer the following questions in your journal

1. What is a cell?

2. What kinds of things have cells?

Cells

Structure and

Function

Can you identify what the object is in each image?

Human Hair

Cracked tooth with cheek cells

A single blade of grass, stained

What is a

cell?

Which one is the odd one out?1. Leaf of a plant

4. Sugar3. Blood

2. Horse’s muscle

Why is sugar the odd one out?Sugar doesn’t have cells

Which one is the odd one out?

1. Piece of metal

4. Diamond necklace3. Olive oil

2. Apple seed

Why is the apple seed the odd one out?Apple seeds have cells

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living

things

Cells form the parts of an organism and carry out all of

the organism’s processes and life functions

You are made of Cells!

Human Cells

Single vs Multicellular Organisms Multicellular organisms have many cells

Single or Unicellular organisms only have one

Which type of organism are humans?Multicellular! We have bone cells, skin cells, heart cells and many more, 37.2 trillion cells to be exact!

Which type of organism are bacteria?Unicellular! Bacteria are made up of one single cell that has to do all of the work

Ameobas

Single vs Multicellular OrganismsWhich of the organisms below are unicellular

and which are multicellular?

1. Amoeba2. Yeast

4. Algae

3. Plankton

Bell Ringer Period 1,4,8 & 9 turn in your Measurement Review

#2 packet.

Please take out your cell note packet

Answer the following questions

1. Create 3 rules that cells have to follow in order to

be classified or called cells?

2. Put the following in size order from smallest to

largest

Organs, cells, organelles, tissues, organ system

Cellular organization

Cellular organelles

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ System

Cell Overview Cell Structure describes what the cell is made of and

how its parts are put together

What are some cell structures that you already know about?

Cell Function describes the processes that allow it to stay alive and reproduce to make more cells

What are some cell functions that you already know about?

Cell Size describes how small and how many cells there are in an area. For example there are more than 100,000 skin cells in one square centimeter of skin.

Ted ed wacky history of cell theory

Cell Theory

The cell theory is a widely accepted explanation of

the relationship between cells and living things.

1. All living things are composed of cells

2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in

living things

3. All cells are produced from other cells

Inside the Cell There are smaller structures inside the cell which are

called organelles.

Organelles carry out specific functions within the cell.

Cell Organelles Part 1 Cell Organelles Cell and its functions

Cell Wall Rigid layer that surrounds, protects and

support the cells of plants

Chloroplasts Found ONLY in PLANT cells. Capture energy from

sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. Make leaves green

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Vacuoles A storage area for food, waste products and other

materials.

Remember Animal cells have small to no vacuoles

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Cell Membrane All cells have cell membranes. It controls what

substances come into and out of a cell

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Nucleus Acts as the “brain” of the cell. It is the control

center, directing all of the cell’s activities

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Cytoplasm Found between the cell membrane and the

nucleus. Clear, thick gel-like fluid

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Mitochondria Rod-shaped structures that convert food molecules

to energy that the cell can use to carry out its functions

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Endoplasmic Reticulum A maze of passageways that carry proteins and

other materials from one part of the cell to another.

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Ribosomes Ribosomes are small grain like bodies which

function to produce proteins

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Golgi Bodies Receive proteins and other newly formed materials

from the Endoplasmic reticulum, package them and distribute them to other parts of the cell.

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Lysosomes Small round structures containing chemicals that

break down certain materials in the cell.

Cell

membrane

lysosome

Bell Ringer

What organelle….

What is the difference between an

element and a compound

Bell Ringer

Plant Cell Animal CellBoth Cells

Happy Fri-Yay! Please complete the Venn diagram below in your packet of cell notes. You need to add the organelles that are only in plants, only in animals or that are in both.

Bell Ringer

You need your laptop/phone and headphones

Please take out your cell structure and function

notes

Answer the following questions in your science

journal

1. What does the nucleus do?

2. What organelles are found only in Plant cells?

3. What is an element? Know of any examples?

Elements vs Compounds What is the difference between an element

and a compound?

An element is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

An element is made of only one kind of atoms

Elements in living things; Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur

Compounds are

when of two or more

elements combine

chemically.

The smallest unit of

many compounds is

called a molecule

Compounds such as

water and carbon

dioxide are common

in living things.

Pick out which are elements

and which are compounds.

Inorganic versus Organic Compounds What is the difference between Inorganic and

Organic?

Organic means that it is

naturally occurring and

found in living things.

Most compounds that

contain carbon are

organic.

Carbohydrates, lipids,

proteins and nucleic

acids are organic

compounds

Inorganic compounds

are not naturally

occurring and not

found in living things.

Compounds that don’t

contain the element

carbon are inorganic.

Water and sodium

chloride are inorganic

compounds.

Biomolecules You are going to watch the Biomolecules video

link and use the video to take notes on these

important compounds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YO244P1e9

QM

Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids

Monomers

A monomer is a building block. These are the parts

that make up substances

Biomolecules are made of monomers

Carbohydrates Important source of fast energy. They are made

of monomers called monosaccharides.

Important for cell structure and function. Found in

cell walls and membranes

Ex. Pastas, sugars and starches

Lipids

Lipids are made of fats. They

have two different building

blocks glycerol and fatty

acids

Lipids are a great source of

long term energy. Lipids

provide more energy than

carbohydrates

Cell membranes contain

lipids. Cells store lipids for

later energy use.

Butter, oil and cholesterol are

all lipids.

Proteins Examples of sources of

proteins are meats and beans.

The monomers of proteins are

amino acids. There are 20

common amino acids that

cells combine in different ways

to form thousands of proteins.

Proteins are important for

muscle development, the

immune system and enzymes

which are special proteins that

speed up reactions

DNA codes for proteins that

are important for structure and

function in the body

Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called

nucleotides. DNA and RNA are involved in the

coding of your traits.

Plants and animals all have DNA. Nucleic acids

contains the instructions that cells need to carry

out all of the functions of life.

Water

Water although

inorganic is vital for

our bodies and cells

performance.

Most chemical

reactions in cells

involve substances

that are dissolved in

water.

You Shall not Pass! The cell membrane is selectively permeable. This

means it works like a castle with a draw bridge

allowing some molecules to always pass through

while not allowing others to pass through.

Why would this be an important function of the

cell membrane?

How would the cell membrane do this?

Diffusion Diffusion is when small molecules move across the

cell membrane.

Molecules move from an area of higher

concentration to an area of lower concentration.

The more molecules in one area the more they

bump into one another and eventually spread

out.

Osmosis Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a

selectively permeable membrane.

Cell processes depend on osmosis.

In osmosis water molecules move from an area of

high concentration through the cell membrane to an

area of lower concentration.

Osmosis

If water moves out of the cell by osmosis cells can

shrink

If water moves into the cell by osmosis cells can

swell

Tonicity