Bell Ringer – 12/9/08

1. Why couldn’t cotton be grown in the Upper South?

2. Name 2 crops tended by slaves in the Upper South.

3. Define “nationalism”.

• Test is THURSDAY• Covers:

–Chapter 6 (Hamilton, Washington, Lewis & Clark, Jefferson, War of 1812)

–Chapter 7 (Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, Indian Territory)

–Chapter 8 (Lowell Girls, Cotton Gin, Southern slavery & life)

– Notebooks & Study Guides due on Thursday

Changes to Study Guide

• ON BACK:

–X “First Seminole War” – add Whiskey Rebellion

–X “Samuel Worcester” – add Embargo Act of 1807

–X “Tredegar Iron Works” – add Trail of Tears

Georgia Slave Cabin

Slave Revolts• Denmark Vessey - Free Af-

Am carpenter and preacher. Planned a huge slave uprising near Charleston

• Nat Turner - led a violent slave result in Virginia soon after. Killed 60 whites in the area.

Whiskey Rebellion – 1791 protest against federal taxes on whiskey

The Whig Party (1833-1856)

• Didn’t like Andrew Jackson’s policies, mocked him “King Andrew”

• Supported by growth of the new middle class during the 1800s

• Whigs used the campaign “Tippecanoe & Tyler too” to get William Henry Harrison elected as president in 1840. He died one month after taking office.

The Indian Removal Act• 1830, it relocated Indian

nations (tribes) living east of the Mississippi to Oklahoma

• Pres. Jackson said Indians should move West, where “their white brothers will not trouble them”

Indians were sent west to Oklahoma

“Trail of Tears”

Market Revolution• Reduced the cost

of manufactured products

• Farmers bought farm machines

• Families now bought cloth at markets

Southern Economy• Despite the plantation stereotype, the South was, in

reality, a complex region. Large slaveholders were extremely rare. However, although large slaveholders were few in number, they owned most of the South’s slaves.

• Slave ownership was relatively widespread. About 1/3 of all southern white families owned slaves. Slaveowners were a diverse lot. A few were African American, mulatto, or Native American; one-tenth were women; and more than one in ten worked as artists or merchants rather than as farmers or planters. Few led lives of leisure or refinement. The average slaveowner lived in a log cabin rather than a mansion and was a farmer rather than a planter.

Southern Economy• Planters and wives had to work hard to earn

wealth; only a small amount were wealthy

• Markets were far away – most Southerners lived on corn and pork

• Slaves were encouraged to be Christian. Many slaves kept their culture through family ties and story-telling.

• Yeoman farmers – small, poor farmers who live off their land and resources