Begins on page 26

Chapter 4

Dynamics, Timbre, and Organization

Dynamics

Is the amount of loudness in music

Indicated by combinations p (piano) and f (forte) and other symbols

Timbre

The various tone qualities of instruments and voices

A result of the number and strength of the partials in the overtone series

Organized Sound = Music

One dot alone doesn’t mean much

Organized Sound = Music

Two dots begin to take on meaning

Organized Sound = Music

Three dots have much more meaning, because they are organized

Organized Sound = Music

Music is organized in three basic ways

Repetition – the same musical material is repeated

Variation – the musical material is similar but varied

Contrast – the musical material is very different

Form

Patterns in lines or sections of music create form► Lines or short sections are indicated by lower case

italicized letters: a, b, and so on► Longer sections are indicated by capital letters: A,

B, and so on ► The prime sign (a’, b’) indicates that a line or section

is very similar

Rodrigo: Concierto de Aranjuez,Second Movement

Points to know about this work

A concerto is a long work for soloist and orchestra

A movement of a concerto or other musical work is a sizable independent section

Most concertos have three movements► The second movement has a slow tempo and

features melody

Rodrigo’s Concierto de Aranjuez,Second Movement

Theme is first played by the English horn, then the solo guitar. The guitar adds many decorative notes

Theme contains a three-note motive typical in Spanish music. Motive acts as a unifying device in the music

Copyright © 2010 by Schirmer Cengage Learning

Rodrigo’s Concierto de Aranjuez,Second Movement

Contains a long and brilliant-sounding cadenza

Cadenzas are free-sounding paraphrases of the themes played alone by the soloist

Rodrigo’s Concierto de Aranjuez,Second Movement

The passionate-sounding return of the main theme gives the movement a logical form

The movement ends in a quiet, ethereal way

Summary

Dynamics

Timbre

Organized Sounds = Music

Form

Rodrigo: Concierto de Aranjuez, second movement