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Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Heat Stress PreventionHeat Stress Prevention
Bechtel First Response Training
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 2
Safety is Our ValueSafety is Our Value
“We measure safety performance by the number
of incidents. But let’s be clear…
it’s really not about incident rates…
it’s about people.
People who have faces, names, families, hopes, and dreams.”
-Riley BechtelAugust 15, 2001
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 3
Heat Stress Prevention:Heat Stress Prevention:Enabling Learning ObjectivesEnabling Learning Objectives
Hydration and the human body
Heat stress defined
Predisposing and susceptibility factors
Overview of heat-related illnesses
First aid response to heat stress
Heat stress prevention
BESH Core Process 314: Heat and Cold Stress Prevention
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Water Water and the Human Bodyand the Human Body
Slide 4
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
HydrationHydration
When performing physical work, sweat output often exceeds water intake, producing a body water deficit (dehydration)
Dehydration can negatively affect productivity, safety, and morale
OSHA recommends replacing fluids frequently when exposed to heat stress, such as one cup (250 ml) every 20 minutes when working in warm environments
Slide 5
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Predisposing Factors to Heat Predisposing Factors to Heat StressStress
Environment– Amount of time exposed
– Temperature and humidity
– Wind velocity
Age
Medical condition
Ingestion of drugs or poisons
Slide 6
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Susceptibility Factors to Heat Susceptibility Factors to Heat StressStress
Poor or inadequate circulation
Fatigue
Poor nutrition
Alcohol or drug use
Cigarette smoking
Slide 7
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Maintaining Maintaining HydrationHydration
Urine color and sense of thirst can help you assess your hydration state
Even mild dehydration can impact physical performance, blood pressure and thinking
Physical activity level, clothing, equipment and weather influence fluid needs
Take extra precautions if you have chronic illnesses (e.g. high blood pressure, diabetes)
– See your Project Nurse or personal doctor for more information
Slide 8
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Types of Heat IllnessesTypes of Heat Illnesses
Hyperthermia
Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke
Slide 9
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
HyperthermiaHyperthermia
Illness that results when the body is exposed to more heat energy than it can regulate
Signs that you are too hot:
• Headache, dizziness, or fainting
• Weakness and wet skin
• Irritability or confusion
• Thirst, nausea, or vomiting
Slide 10
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Heat CrampsHeat Cramps
Painful muscle spasms, usually involving the muscles fatigued by heavy work such as calves, thighs, abdomen, and shoulders
Exact cause of heat cramps is unknown, but is probably related to electrolyte imbalance
Rest in a cool place and drink– Electrolyte and sports beverages
(e.g. Gatorade) can replenish electrolytes
Slide 11
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Heat ExhaustionHeat Exhaustion
Fluid depletion
Mild hypovolemic shock
Signs and symptoms
– Weakness or exhaustion
– Nausea and headache
– Dizziness or faintness
– Rapid pulse
– Cold, clammy skin
– Elevated temperature
– May be confused
Slide 12
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Heat StrokeHeat Stroke
Least common, a MEDICAL EMERGENCY
– Untreated heat stroke will result in death
Signs and symptoms
– Hot, dry and flushed skin
– May be confused
– Unresponsive
– Seizures
– Falling blood pressure
– Temp of 106°F or more
Slide 13
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Heat Stress Heat Stress First Aid ResponseFirst Aid Response
Call Supervisor to the location
Move person from environment
Loosen/remove clothing
Fan person or run air conditioner
Apply cool packs to neck, groin,and armpits
Apply water with a sponge or wet towel
If unresponsive, roll person to left side (recovery position) and call Project Nurse or 911
Slide 14
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 15
Heat Stress Heat Stress PreventionPrevention
Increase your fluid intake in hot weather, regardless of your activity level
Avoid hot foods and heavy meals—they add heat to your body
Limit sun exposure during mid-day hours
Wear light-colored, lightweight clothing
Pair up and watch a co-worker for signs of heat exhaustion (buddy system)
– Remind your buddy to drink water or take a break
– Talk to your buddy during the work shift to make sure everything is okay
Report any problems promptly to a Supervisor
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
BESH Core Process 314: BESH Core Process 314: Heat and Cold Stress Heat and Cold Stress Prevention Prevention
Drink at least 2 cups of water before beginning work in the morning and after lunch
Drink 5-8 liters of water each day
Maintain good hygiene with showering and daily changes of clothing
Use of alcohol during non-working hours is strongly discouraged
Intake of coffee during working hours is discouraged
Monitor yourself and your co-workers for signs of heat stress; immediately report any signs of heat stress to your Supervisor
Slide 17
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
BESH Core Process 314: BESH Core Process 314: Heat and Cold Stress Prevention, Heat and Cold Stress Prevention, Exhibit A-2Exhibit A-2
Slide 18
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
BESH Core Process 314: BESH Core Process 314: Heat and Cold Stress Prevention, Heat and Cold Stress Prevention, Exhibit A-3Exhibit A-3
Slide 19
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 21
Test Your LearningTest Your Learning
1. What are 3 predisposing or susceptibility factors to heat stress?
2. How can someone assess their own hydration state?
3. What are the signs that a person is too hot?
4. What is the first aid response for heat exhaustion?
5. How can you prevent heat stress?
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 22
We value yourWe value your Safety Safety and and HealthHealth
Questions?Questions?Speak with your Project Nurse or
Safety Professional
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH) Slide 23
Learn More about Learn More about Heat Stress Heat Stress PreventionPrevention
Bechtel Core Process 228: Drinking Water and Ice (BecWeb)
Bechtel Core Process 314: Heat and Cold Stress Prevention (BecWeb)
Cal/OSHA (http://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/heatillnessinfo.html)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC.gov)
National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH.org)
National Safety Council (NSC.org) Occupational Safety & Health
Administration (OSHA.gov)