E337 Powering Cellular Activities Review

Be sure to CORRECT and fix any mistakes in RED on your

paper!

Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration: You may know that yeast is added to dough when bread is made. The dough is allowed to sit awhile, and it expands and rises. The texture becomes fluffier, and the dough becomes filled with holes and pores, like a sponge. But how does this relate to cellular respiration?

Answer: Bread rises because yeast is using sugar/food in the dough and going through cellular respiration and giving off carbon dioxide. That carbon dioxide causes bread to rise.

How Cells Convert food to energy.#1 Similarities between respiration and photosynthesis? (we did this on our ET last class!)

Respiration

Enzymes

+

+

+

Carbon Dioxide Water#1

Photosynthesis

+ +Chlorophyll

How Cells Convert food to energy.#1 Similarities between respiration and photosynthesis?

Almost reverse reactions. Products of respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis and vice versa!** However, in photosynthesis, light energy is converted to chemical energy and in respiration, chemical energy is converted to chemical energy.

#2: glycolysis in cytoplasm; cellular respiration in the Mitochondria

3. Why do plants needMitochondria?

Because plants need to use their food for energy for life processes! Convert chemical energy (glucose) to chemical energy (ATP)

4. What evidence do you have that cellular respiration occurs in plant cells? Think back to the Elodea Photosynthesis lab. Bubbles formed. (During photosynthesis, O2 is produced & CO2 is produced during cellular respiration)

5. What gases did the plant exchange?CO2 & O2

6.

#6.Combustion of Methane: Burning Stuff

Heat Energy

Respiration

enzymes

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Chemical EnergyCombustion heat

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2 H2O + Chemical Energy

Notice Anything?

#7. Both Break Stuff down, Release Energy+ produce CO2

Respiration

Enzymes

+

+

+

Carbon Dioxide Water

Why you no catch on FIRE?

Enzymes

+

+

+

Enzymes Breaks Stuff Slowly, Release Energy Slowly

Keep You from Burning Up

Uses O2

Doesn’t Use O2

36 ATP

More

Energy

2 ATP

Less Energy

#8

1. What functions are ATP molecules needed for?ATP molecules are needed for basic cell functions

such as active transport, muscle contractions and biosynthesis of molecules.

2. What role does glucose play in cellular respiration?

Glucose provides the chemical energy that is converted to ATP (also chemical energy) during cellular respiration.

3. Why is cellular respiration important for all living things, including plants?Cellular respiration is important for all living

things because it provides the energy in the form of ATP that is necessary to carry out basic cellular processes.

4. Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis Respiration

Releases Chemical

Energy=

Breaks Sugar

Stores Chemical

Energy=

Makes Sugar

Again, they are almost exact opposites!

“Respiration During Exercise”

1. Your cells need a steady supply of ATP when you are sitting, but what happens when you exercise?

Cells need more energy so the rate of cellular respiration increases.

“Respiration During Exercise”

2. What happens to carbon dioxide levels in your blood and your breathing rate when you exercise?CO2 levels increase, so our breathing rate increases to rid our body of the excess CO2.3. Why do they do this (increase the breathing rate)?To deliver oxygen to the bloodstream more quickly.

#4. What role do aerobic and anaerobic respirations play in

your muscles?

Rapid breathing brings in more oxygen to muscle cells that have been lacking

oxygen and going through fermentation.

#5.Why do your muscles burn when you run? Why do you get

sore the following day?Build up of H+

ions

Small muscle tears

Ouch… H+ ions, they

BurnMan

O2 to the

rescue

Lots of RespirationNeeds lots

Of O2

RequiresLots ofBlood

Who likes STEAK?! White meat in

turkey/chicken? Not very red-not used much!

Dark meat? Found in the LEGS, which they use, so lots of muscle that had blood!

MUSCLE!

Why is aerobic conditioning advantageous to athletes? Your answer should talk about ATP and mitochondria:

(1) During aerobic conditioning, muscle cells produce more mitochondria. This provides the potential for more efficient use of O2 & greater release of energy (ATP) during heavy use of muscles.

(2) Improves blood circulation to the muscles.