BC Language

7/28/2019 BC Language

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What are the components of oral-language and reading?

What are the brain structures involved in oral-language

and reading?

How does oral-language and reading break down after

brain damage?

Oral-language and reading

Orthography

Semantics

Phonology

Print Input Sound Input

SpeechOutput

WrittenOutput

Connectionist model of oral-language and reading

Apple


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Incomplete neuro-cognitive model of language

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA

Projection of arcuate fasciculus


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Neural components of reading and oral-language

Extrastriate (EX) - visual analysis

Fusiform gyrus (FG) - orthographic representations

Primary auditory (PA) - auditory analysis

Auditory association (AA) - phonological representations

Wernickes and angular gyrus (W,AG) - hetermodal area forintegration of orthography, phonology, and semantics

Brocas (B) - hetermodal area for covert and overt articulatoryprocessing, syntactic analysis

Language on left - music on right


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Real

words

Pseudo

words

Letter

strings

False

Fonts

ANT GEEL VSFFHT

RAZOR RELD TBBL

DUST BLERCE JBTT

Stimuli for hierarchical visual word experiment

PET - visual word processing


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Viewing words

Listening to words

PET - viewing versus listening to words

Speaking words

Generating verbs to nouns

PET - speaking versus generating verbs


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Summary of PET findings

Lesions affecting persons, animals, and tools


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PET activation during person, animals, and tools

Semantic anomaly effect in ERPs to sentences


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Syntactic anomaly effect in ERPs to sentences

Interview 6.1


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Interview 7.1

Brocas, expressive, or agrammatic aphasia

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA


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Anterior temporal in syntactic processing?

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA

Interview 8.1


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Interview 9.1

Wernickes, receptive aphasia (semantic paraphasia)

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA


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Conduction aphasia - damage to arcuate fasciculus

Interview 10.1


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Anomia

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA

Sagittal view of pediatric patients


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Sound wave for object relative sentences

Sound wave for subject relative sentences


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Syntax structure for subject relative sentences

The nurse that called the dentist discovered the error in the bill

NP

VP

S

Comp

NP

S

NP VP

V NP

V NP PP

The waiter that the manager blamed carried the suitcase up the stairs

Syntax structure for object relative sentences

NP

VP

S

Comp

NP

S

NP VP

V NP

V NP PP


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Sentence activation in adults, children, and patients

Developmental and lesion differences

Bilateral in adults - recruitment

Occipital in children -imagery

Lesion associated with homologous organization


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Relationship of activation to response accuracy

Object relative sentences with lower accuracy levelsproduce more activation in adults than subject relativewith higher accuracy levels

Children with incorrect local attachment or correct

strategy produce equal activation, but children at chance

produce little activation

Hypometabolism after left hemisphere stroke


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Language activation after left tempo-parietal stroke

Reading activation after left tempo-parietal stroke


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Interview 12.1

B

AG

W

PA

FG

EX

AA

Alexia without agraphia

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