BC First Nations Studies 12 · 2013. 11. 27. · BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Form A Page 5 14. Why are protocols between First Nations observed? A. to prevent language problems

Contents: 23 pages Examination: 2 hours 55 selected-response questions Additional Time Permitted: 60 minutes 2 written-response questions © Province of British Columbia

BC First Nations Studies 12 Examination Booklet

August 2007 Form A

DO NOT OPEN ANY EXAMINATION MATERIALS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO.

FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS REFER TO THE RESPONSE BOOKLET.

BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Form A Page 1

PART A: SELECTED RESPONSE Value: 70% Suggested Time: 50 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS: For each question, select the best answer and record your choice on the Response Booklet provided. Using an HB pencil, completely fill in the bubble that has the letter corresponding to your answer.

You have Examination Booklet Form A. In the box above #1 on your Response Booklet,

fill in the bubble as follows.

1. Territories of many BC First Nations are based on what physical boundaries? A. plains B. forests C. coastlines D. watersheds 2. What was the main reason for the Southern Interior First Nations to locate

their winter villages in the lowlands? A. It was warmer than in the highlands. B. Building materials were more available. C. They wanted to be closer to the salmon runs. D. They wanted to establish trade with other nations. 3. Before contact, how did most First Nations view land ownership? A. Property had to be purchased. B. Land was owned by individuals. C. The chief owned and distributed the land. D. All community members shared responsibility for the land.

Page 2 BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Form A

Use the following map to answer question 4.

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Geographic Regions of BC

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4. In which region is the traditional territory of the Dene-thah? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

_______________________________________________ 5. First Nations people in the Northern Interior are speakers of which of the following languages? A. Dene B. Salish C. Kwakwala D. Athapaskan


6. For what artistic tradition are Interior Salish women renowned? A. coiled baskets B. spindle whorls C. weirs and traps D. button blankets 7. Why do many BC First Nations hang salmon over a smoky fire? A. to preserve the salmon B. to show respect to the creator C. to kill off disease the salmon carried D. to symbolize that all creation came from fire 8. What materials did Southern Interior BC First Nations traditionally use for clothing? A. cedar bark B. deer hides C. buffalo hides D. mountain goat wool 9. What are beach seines used for? A. hunting seals B. harvesting fish C. gathering clams D. spearing whales 10. Which of the following is an example of a traditional First Nations method of

conflict resolution? A. People were sent to community court. B. People were banished to restore order. C. Beatings were given to correct behaviour. D. Stories were told to guide proper behaviour.


11. All of the following are traditional methods of First Nations education except A. punishment. B. observation. C. storytelling. D. apprenticeship. 12. How does the potlatch contribute to traditional First Nations education? A. It helps youth learn about pictographs. B. It helps youth learn about culture and values. C. It allows children to prepare for a vision quest. D. It allows children to participate in discussions about land.

Use the following poem to answer question 13.

Land is the Politic

…we cannot just talk of land we must live on it through our actions we guarantee an indigenous education

Rita Bouvier, Métis

13. What is the message in this poem? A. Over-development is ruining the land. B. A land base is essential for cultural survival. C. Resources must be sold to pay for education. D. First Nations should be consulted on the use of land.


14. Why are protocols between First Nations observed? A. to prevent language problems B. to bless the food at a ceremony C. to acknowledge and show respect D. to limit involvement in treaty negotiations 15. Which of the following would be an example of a trade alliance between First Nations? A. shared use of a trading post B. formation of a monopoly by a clan C. trading of dried salmon for iron traps D. marriage of a couple from different nations 16. Which of the following best describes First Nations pre-contact trade economy? A. focused on prestige items B. limited to geographic areas C. highly developed and valued D. controlled by Southern Interior First Nations 17. How were leaders traditionally chosen by coastal First Nations? A. chosen by women elders B. through democratic election C. based on knowledge and skill D. through hereditary social rank 18. What was a result of European contact with coastal First Nations? A. The sea otter trade decreased. B. Warfare among First Nations decreased. C. First Nations were introduced to copper. D. First Nations became dependent on trade with Europeans.


19. Why was smallpox so devastating to BC First Nations? A. They had no access to medicine. B. They lived near natural waterways. C. They had no immunity to the disease. D. They lived in longhouses and pit houses. 20. Why did some BC First Nations have fewer deaths from disease between 1850 and 1900? A. They didn’t trade furs. B. They had plenty of food. C. They lived in remote areas. D. They lived in warmer climates.


Use the following map to answer question 21.

• First Nations Reserves

21. What does the map illustrate about BC First Nations reserves? A. British Columbia has more reserves than Alberta. B. There is a higher concentration of reserves in the north. C. Vancouver Island has more reserves than the rest of BC. D. There are more reserves on the East Coast than on the West Coast.

_______________________________________________ 22. The origins of BC Métis people emerged from which economic activity? A. fishing B. trading C. hunting D. farming


Use the following quotation to answer question 23.

During the fur trade era, Métis people made an important contribution.

23. What was a major factor of this contribution? A. They wove the fabric used in the HBC blankets. B. They were treated with great respect because of their European heritage. C. Their skills and knowledge of resource management were distinctly European. D. Their heritage allowed them to act as go-betweens for Aboriginals and Europeans.

Use the following cartoon to answer question 24.

© Ingrid Rice

24. What British government policy does this cartoon reflect? A. capitalism B. colonialism C. pre-emption D. multiculturalism


25. After contact, what was the purpose of coppers along the BC coast? A. They helped a person communicate with the creator. B. They were reminders of how many were killed in battle. C. They showed others the wealth of the chief and his family. D. They were a record of how many salmon were caught each season.


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26. What is the message in this cartoon? A. First Nations are rejecting colonialism. B. First Nations are reclaiming their artifacts. C. First Nations are accepting the changing world. D. First Nations are angry over treaty negotiations.


27. Why did residential schooling include student labour for a large part of the day? A. Students earned credit for learning trades. B. It provided students an opportunity to earn money. C. It was believed to be an appropriate punishment for poor marks. D. It was believed First Nations were best suited for unskilled employment.

Use the following statement to answer question 28.

The Minister may declare that the council of the band, consisting of a chief and councillors, shall be selected by election.

Indian Act, 1876

28. How did this declaration change First Nations governance? A. It replaced traditional leadership models. B. It gave sole power to the hereditary chief. C. It promoted the traditional consensus model. D. It allowed the Minister of Indian Affairs to select a chief and council.


Use the following photographs to answer question 29.

Saskatchewan Archives Board R-A8223-1 Saskatchewan Archives Board R-A8223-2

29. Which government policy is illustrated in these two photos of Thomas Moore? A. paternalism B. assimilation C. fiduciary duty D. multiculturalism

Topic: Royal Proclamation of 1763

Determine whether each of the following is True or False.

30. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 applied to First Nations people in North America.

31. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 recognized First Nations title. 32. James Douglas followed the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by signing treaties

with First Nations. 33. James Douglas’ land policies allowed First Nations people to pre-empt land. 34. James Douglas upheld the principles of the Royal Proclamation of 1763

during his entire administration.

A. True

B. False


Use the following quotation to answer question 35.

We condemn the whole policy of the BC government towards the Indian Tribes of this country as utterly unjust, shameful and blundering in every way.

Interior Chiefs, Laurier Memorial, 1910

35. To what provincial government policy towards First Nations are the chiefs objecting? A. the refusal to recognize land title B. the opening of residential schools C. the announcements of anti-potlatch law D. the refusal to provide commercial fishing permits

Use the following headline to answer question 36.

Vancouver Star 1990

BC Coastal First Nations seek new fisheries deal

36. Which level of government would this involve? A. federal B. provincial C. municipal D. international



A Crisis in Identity

I am a Métis woman my mother now she is a status Indian number 351 my sister she is a Bill C-31 Indian, that is my brother he is a non-status Indian my father is white my dad is Indian I am A Métis woman, a modern woman in the process of…

Rita Bouvier, Métis

37. What message is the author conveying? A. The author does not like her identity. B. Aboriginal people have many options for their identity. C. Government definitions for Aboriginal people are beneficial. D. Government definitions for Aboriginal people can apply differently to family members.

_______________________________________________ 38. Which of the following is an example of First Nations traditional governance? A. Law is based on Aboriginal title. B. Law is based on written decisions. C. Law is based on elected representatives. D. Law is based on the relationship with the natural world.



Ottawa Times 1946

Aboriginal veterans speak out against the Indian Act

39. To what were these veterans objecting? A. conscription B. exclusion from receiving medals C. discriminatory treatment after military service D. discriminatory treatment during military service

_______________________________________________


Ottawa Observer 1985

Bill C-31 finally passed

40. Why was this event significant for some Aboriginal women? A. It allowed them to regain status. B. It allowed them to serve in the military. C. It allowed them to attend public schools. D. It allowed them to vote in federal elections.


41. What is a Friendship Centre? A. a community resource facility B. an environmental lobby group C. an Aboriginal museum society D. an Aboriginal publishing company 42. What led to the Oka Crisis? A. The courts ruled that Status Mohawks must pay taxes. B. A golf course had been planned on a Mohawk burial ground. C. The Canadian government accused the Mohawks of fishing illegally. D. Some Mohawks were found guilty of participating in a sun dance ceremony.



I Lost My Talk

I lost my talk The talk you took away. When I was a little girl At Shubenacadie school. You snatched it away: I speak like you I think like you I create like you The scrambled ballad, about my world. Two ways I talk Both ways I say, Your way is more powerful. So gently I offer my hand and ask, Let me find my talk So I can teach you about me.

Rita Joe, Micmac

43. What is the message in this poem? A. Language is unrelated to culture. B. Schools should teach Aboriginal languages. C. Residential schools taught an appreciation for poetry. D. Traditional teachings are important to self-determination.

_______________________________________________ 44. What constitutes an Aboriginal Right as determined by the Van der Peet Case? A. It has to have been practised pre-contact. B. It has to be proven through written documentation. C. It has to have been connected to natural resource use. D. It has to be approved by the Supreme Court of Canada.


45. What is the significance of the Constitution Act of 1982 for Métis people? A. It defined Métis. B. It recognized Métis veterans. C. It recognized Métis as distinct. D. It gave self-government to Métis.

Use the excerpt from the following poem to answer question 46.

Letter to John A. Macdonald

Dear John: I’m still here and halfbreed… After all that shuffling us around to suit the settlers We’re still here and Métis

Marilyn Dumont, Métis 46. What is Marilyn Dumont’s message? A. Métis were treated fairly by the government. B. Métis have endured despite government neglect. C. Métis culture has suffered from government intervention. D. Métis tradition has changed under government paternalism.



Vancouver Star June 10,1984

Ron Sparrow charged with illegal fishing

47. What was the Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in this court case? A. It upheld the lower court’s prison term. B. It recognized Aboriginal rights to fisheries. C. It ruled that First Nations could use traditional fishing methods. D. It gave non-Aboriginal commercial fishers first priority to catch salmon.

_______________________________________________ 48. Which of the following best describes how First Nations traditionally pass on their history? A. oral histories B. button blankets C. the trickster character D. the potlatch ceremony 49. Why was the Delgamuukw decision important? A. It permitted the use of Aboriginal languages. B. It allowed the use of oral tradition as evidence in courts. C. It established the traditional territory of the Okanagan Nation. D. It enabled parents to keep their children out of residential schools.


Use the following passage to answer question 50.

This one is about Coyote. She was going West visiting her relations. That’s what she said. You got to watch that [coyote]…Full of bad business.

Thomas King

50. What is this passage an example of? A. myth B. trickster story C. family narrative D. transformer story


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51. What issue does this cartoon address? A. celebration of cultural diversity B. loss of tradition by First Nations C. stereotyping of First Nations traditions D. honouring of First Nations through imitation



Vancouver Times 1999

Indian man arrested for rash of break-ins

52. How does this headline reflect the media’s role in public perception of First Nations? A. Traditional lifestyle is promoted. B. Concern for social issues is raised. C. Negative stereotypes are reinforced. D. Understanding of reserve life is increased.

_______________________________________________ 53. Which of the following is an example of a cause-and-effect relationship? A. Elder’s written record of oral narratives loss of culture B. Aboriginal artists’ sale of reproductions cultural appropriation C. First Nations publication of creation story loss of editorial control D. Non-Aboriginal makes up a trickster story misrepresentation of First Nations culture 54. Which of the following is a true statement about Aboriginal writers for most of the 20th century? A. Publishers gave Aboriginal writers editorial control. B. Aboriginal writers did not write about First Nations. C. Aboriginal writers were frequently published by mainstream publishers. D. Publishers gave preference to non-Aboriginal writers writing about First Nations.


55. Which of the following is an example of repatriation? A. naming a high school sports team after a First Nation B. displaying artifacts in the Royal British Columbia Museum C. destruction of a burial ground to make way for a golf course D. returning ancestral skeletal remains removed by archaeologists You have Examination Booklet Form A. In the box above #1 on your Response Booklet,

ensure you filled in the bubble as follows.

FA B C D E HGExam Booklet Form/Cahier d’examen

This is the end of the selected-response section. Answer the remaining questions directly in the Response Booklet.


PART B: ESSAY Value: 30% Suggested Time: 70 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS: Write your answers in ink in the space provided in the Response Booklet. No work written in this examination booklet will be marked.

• Your response should be in a multi-paragraph format including an introduction and a conclusion.

1. Explain the impact of post-contact diseases on First Nations.

Support your answer using specific examples. (15%) Use pages 1 to 3 in the Response Booklet

Organization and Planning

Use this space to plan your ideas before writing in the Response Booklet.

WRITING ON THIS PAGE WILL NOT BE MARKED


2. Explain how First Nations have resisted government assimilation policies.

Support your answer using specific examples. (15%) Use pages 4 to 6 in the Response Booklet

Organization and Planning

Use this space to plan your ideas before writing in the Response Booklet.

WRITING ON THIS PAGE WILL NOT BE MARKED

END OF EXAMINATION

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Course Code = FNS 12

BC First Nations Studies 12

AUGUST 2007

Response Booklet

Course Code = FNS

AUGUST 2007

12

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BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Response Booklet Page 1

PART B: ESSAY

Question 1:

Page 2 BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Response Booklet


END OF QUESTION 1


Question 2:



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Documents

BC First Nations Studies 12 · 2013. 11. 27. · BC First Nations Studies 12 – 0708 Form A Page 5 14. Why are protocols between First Nations observed? A. to prevent language problems