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Battle OrganizerThe Answers
Name of Battle Ypres
Date (month and year)
April 1915
Location (place and Country)
Ancient city of Ypres in Belgium
Main Events - Task was to hold about 3.5km of the line in the face of heavy German attack
- During the attack French-African troops positioned beside the Canadians broke ranks and fled from poisonous gas
- Germans came pouring through the hole in the line- The Canadians, with makeshift masks made by urinating on
handkerchiefs, managed to hold their position and eventually closed the gap
New Technology Used
Chlorine gas – a deadly poison that burned the throat, eyes and destroyed the lungs
# of CDN troops involved
20 000
# of CDN casualties 5 200
Importance of the CDNs
Used makeshift gas masks to hold their position and eventually closed the gap in the line
Results of the Battle German attack was stopped
Name of Battle Somme
Date (month and year)
July 1916
Location (place and Country)
Somme River in France
Main Events - CDNs fought with British under General Douglas Haig- By nightfall on the first day of the attack, British and Canadian
casualties totaled 57 470 – the heaviest ever in warfare for one day’s fighting
- 90% of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment were killed or wounded that day
- Despite the death toll, the battle continued for 141 days- People at home were horrified and disillusioned by this massacre
New Technology Used
Tanks – huge armed “land ships” weighing over 25 tons lumbered along at approximately 5 km/hr
# of CDN troops involved
90 000
# of CDN casualties 24 000
Importance of the CDNs
Fought so heroically that they were marked as storm troopers – in the future, they were often brought in to lead an attack
Results of the Battle Both sides were exhausted and casualties reached 1.25 million each. British advanced only 11km through the rubble
Name of Battle Vimy Ridge
Date (month and year)
April 1917
Location (place and Country)
An escarpment in France
Main Events - First time all 4 CDN divisions fought together under the leadership of General Currie
- Canada won its greatest victory by dislodging the Germans from the top of a high ridge after both British and French failed to do so
- Four CDNs won the Victoria Cross (the most prestigious award given to war heroes)
- Currie was granted a knighthood from King George VNew Technology Used
Creeping Barrage – a curtain of fire that would advance 100 yards every three minutes
# of CDN troops involved
100 000
# of CDN casualties 11 000
Importance of the CDNs
Captured more ground, guns and prisoners than any Allied offensive on the Western Front in the first 2 ½ years of the war
Results of the Battle It was a magnificent victory for Canadians and the Allied troops. Some said that Canada became a nation at Vimy Ridge.
Name of Battle Passchendaele
Date (month and year)
July 1917
Location (place and Country)
Land in Belgium that had once been under the North Sea. Shelling destroyed drainage ditches and that land became waterlogged.
Main Events - One of the most bitter disasters for CNDs as they were condemned to advance into a sea of mud
- Soldiers sometimes wept with sheer frustration of trying to advance through the mud
- Narrow duckboards were placed as pathways over the mud but 1000s of soldiers slipped in and were sucked I and drowned
- A British official, seeing the battlefield for the first time said, “Good God! Did we really send men to fight in that?”
New Technology Used
No new technology was used
# of CDN troops involved
100 000
# of CDN casualties 16 000
Importance of the CDNs
So many lives senselessly sacrificed
Results of the Battle Gained 7 km of mud which the Germans soon won back again