National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Biotechnology faculty

Molecular biology, microbiology and biosafety department

“APPROVED “

Dean of faculty biotechnology

_______________Ju.V.Kolomiets «______» _______________ 2013

EDUCATIONAL-METHODICAL COMPLEX

from discipline

BASIS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı (MICROBIOLOGY)

Direction of preparation 0514 BIOTECHNOLOGY

speciality- 6.051401 – biotechnology

Faculty of biotechnology

KYIV— 2013

National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of

Ukraine Biotechnology faculty

Molecular biology, microbiology and biosafety department

"APPROVED”

Dean of faculty biotechnology

_______________ Ju.V.Kolomiets «_____» _______________ 2013

WORKING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

discipline

BASIS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı (MICROBIOLOGY)

Direction of preparation - 0514 BIOTECHNOLOGY

Speciality –6.051401 – Biotechnology

Chair code 10.02.05

Year 2

Semester 3

Week number 17

Credit number 4,1

lecture, hour. 34

Laboratory work, hour 34

Independent work, hour 55

Report form test

KYIV— 2013

Working educational programe take down by senior lecturer Koshevsky I.I.on

basis of standard educational programe for higher education establishment the ІІІ-

ІV levels of accreditation from speciality 6.051401 “Biotechnology” confirm Main

Directorate of Ministry of education.

Index – 6.051401

Working educational programe to establish on sub-faculty Molecular biology,

microbiology and biosafety department

Minutes № 9 from 14 of May 2013

Head of a department I.I.Koshevsky

Confirm education- methodical council of faculty

” ___” ______________ 2013

MRS education- methodical

council of faculty senior lecturer Ju.V.Kolomiets

1. Desсription of discipline BASIS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı (MICROBIOLOGY)

Branch of knowledge,training course,speciality, educational level

Discipline 0514 Biotechnology

Training course 6.051401-“ Biotechnology”

Speciality

Educational level EQL Bachelor

Characteristic of discipline

View Normative

Total number of hours 123

Number of ECTS credits 4,1

Number semantic modules 2

Course progect (work)

(available in your curriculum)

-

Form of control test

Description of course for full-time

Year of training 2

Semester 3

Lecture 34

Practical, semenars -

Laboratory classes 34

Independent work 55

Individual task -

Number of weekly hours 4

Classroom 4

Independent works of students

3,5

2. Objectives of the course

The purpose of this course is to provide theoretical fundamentals of microbiology,

the study of the most important microbiological processes that occur in nature,

particularly in soil and in the processing of agricultural raw materials in order to

learn to deliberately control the activities of microorganisms for the benefit of man,

practically affect certain groups of bacteria for biological improve soil fertility and

crop productivity.

Objectives of the course is to build students' understanding of targeted regulation

of microbial processes in the soil, the main methods of quantifying and

determining the microflora of soil preparation to teach students methods of

microbiological analysis and processing of the results, to master the skills of

practical application of microbiological agents in plant protection and agriculture,

self- artificially created in the laboratory microbiological processes occurring in

nature.

A study of the course the student should know:

morphology, taxonomy of microorganisms, metabolism, biochemical and

physiological properties and ecological niches involved in biogeochemical

cycles;

essence of the most important microbiological processes occurring in the

soil for growing of crops and contaminated with toxic substances soils;

importance of microorganisms in biotechnological industries.

be able to:

Manage microbiological processes taking place in the soil and affect its

fertility;

positive impact on the livelihoods of beneficial microorganisms in

agricultural crops and the production of various substances based on the

industrial use of microorganisms;

apply knowledge of Microbiology in the development of measures to

protect crops from fungal, bacterial and viral diseases.

3. PROGRAM OF DISCIPLINE

The science of microbiology is the study of microorganisms and their activities.

It is concerned with their form, structure, reproduction, physiology, metabolism

and identification. It includes the study of their distribution in nature, their

relationship to each other and to other living things, their beneficial and

detrimental effects on human being, and the physical and chemical changes they

make in their environment.

For the most part, microbiology deals with unicellular microscopic organisms. In

the so-cold higher forms of life, organisms are composed of many cells, which

constitute highly specialized tissues and organs to perform specific functions. In

unicellular organisms, all the life processes are performed in a single cell.

Regardless of the complexity of an organism, the cell is the true, basic unit of life.

All living organisms have the capacity to respond to, and often alter, their

environment. They are capable of autonomous movement, although in some forms

it is slight. In the process of reproducing themselves, living things maintain a

species identity, but they also have the potential to change to meet special

requirements for survival

The principles of biology can be demonstrated through the study of microbiology

because microorganisms have many characteristics which make them the ideal

model for investigation of the physiologic, genetic, and biochemical reactions that

are the basis of life. They can be conveniently grown in test tubes or flasks, thus

requiring less space and maintenance than large plants and animals. They grow

rapidly and reproduce at an unusually high rate; some species of bacteria undergo

almost 100 generations in a 24-h period. The metabolic processes of

microorganisms follow patterns that occur among higher plants and animals. For

example, yeasts utilize glucose in essentially the same manner as cells of

mammalian tissue do; the same system of enzymes is present in these diverse

organisms. The energy liberated during the breakdown of glucose is “trapped” and

made available for the work to be performed by the cells, such as bacteria, yeasts,

protozoa, or muscle cells.

Some microorganisms, the bacteria in particular, are able to utilize a great variety

of chemical substances as their energy source – substances ranging from simple

inorganic material to the complex organic substrates.

In microbiology we can study organisms in great detail and observe their life

processes while they actively metabolizing, growing, reproducing, aging and

dying. By modifying their environment we can alter metabolic activities, regulate

growth, and even change some detail of their genetic pattern - all without the

destroying the organism.

Microorganisms have a wider range of physiological and biochemical

potentialities than all other organisms combined. For example, some algae and

bacteria are able to utilize atmospheric nitrogen for the synthesis of proteins and

other complex organic nitrogenous compounds. Other species require inorganic or

organic nitrogen compounds as the initial building blocks for their nitrogenous

constituents. Some microorganisms synthesize all their vitamins, while other need

to be furnish vitamins. By reviewing the nutritional requirements of a large

collection of microorganisms, it is possible to arrange them from those with the

simplest to those with the most complex requirements.

In his presidential address to the Society of American Bacteriologists Selman

A.Waksman odserved:

There is no field of human endeavor, whether it bein industry or in agriculture, or

in the preparation of food or in connection with problems of shelter or clothing, or

in conservation of human and enimal health and the combating of disease, where

the microbe does not play an important and often dominant role.

The independent work is an important studying form ; it include complex of

individual semester tasks for knowledge control and methodological

recommendations to carry into qualified work.

Semester knowledge control are carry out with using module-rating system

during laboratory works and examination.

CONTEST

Module 1. “Common microbiology”

The theme of lecture 1. The microbial world. What is a microbe? Prokaryotes

and eukaryotes. The importance of microbiology. Microbiology and

Biology, Groups of microorganisms, Kingdom Procaryotae after

Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology,

The theme of lecture 2. The evolutions of microbiology. Stage development of

microbiology. The work of Leeuwenhoek’s, M. Terechovsky, L. Pasteur,

E. Koch, D. Ivanovsky, S. Winogradsky and many others

microbiologists.

The theme of lecture 3. Characterization and Classification of Microorganisms.

Prokaryote Taxonomy, Principles of Nomenclature, Classification of

prokaryotes, Character used in prokaryote identification, Current

classification of prokaryotes, Scientific Names of bacteria.

The theme of lecture 4. The morphology and fine structure of bacteria. Prokaryote

cell structure. Structures external to the cell wall, Flagella, capsules,

fimbriae (pili), Structures internal to the cell wall: the cytoplasmic

membrane, mesosomes, the cytoplasm and ribosomes, nuclear material,

endospores. Other internal bacterial features.

The theme of lecture 5. The Archaea. Classification Comparison in the Bacteria

and the Eukaria, Biotechnology.

The theme of lecture 6. Fungi. The yeasts. Entry, History, Classification, Growth

and nutrition, Morphology, Reproduction, Uses in industrial production

of alcoholic beverages, wine, beer and others products.

The theme of lecture 7. Structure and organization of bacterial DNA. DNA

structure, DNA conformation, DNA measurement and description, DNA

packaging, Chromosomes.

The theme of lecture 8. Growth bacteria in the laboratory. Grows media,

Environmental conditions for grows ( temperature,oxygen concentration, pH

and water activity for grows).

The theme of lecture 9. Procariote growth and cell cycle. How bacteria grow,

Bacteria cell cycle, Rapid growth, the bacterial growth curve, Continuous culture.

Techniques used to study microorganisms.Counting bacteria.

The theme of lecture 10. Bacterial cell envelope and cell wall synthesis. The

Gram stain, Lipid bilayer, Cytoplasmic membrane, Transport across

membrane, The bacterial cell wall.

Module 2. Industrial microbiology

The theme of lecture 1. Bacterial movement and chemotaxis. Motility, Flagella

structure, Flagella movement, Chemotaxis.

The theme of lecture 2. Industrial uses of yeasts. Alcohole of fermentations,

Lactic acid productions. Heterotrophic pathways. High-energy

compounds, Glycolysis, Alternatives to glycolysis. Fermentation. Used

lactic acid in wide range of food and not food applications.

The theme of lecture 3. Vinegar productions. Biosynthetic pathways.

Carbohydrates, oxydation of the alcohole to acetic acid, Citric acid cycle

and respiration, Penicillin production. Amino acid productions.

The theme of lecture 4. Soil Microbiology. The microbiota of the soil: Bacteria,

Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, Virus. The Rhizosphere, Proteolysis.

The theme of lecture 5. Amino acid degradation (Ammonification), Nitrification,

Reduction of nitrate to ammonia, Denitrification.

The theme of lecture 6. Fixation nitrogen. Nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation,

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Morphology and life cycle of nodule bacteria. Nodule

formation by nonleguminous plants.

The theme of lecture 7.Transformation of the Carbon Dioxide, Transformation of

sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds and other elements, Degradation of

pesticides.

The theme of lecture 8. Bacteriophage. Introduction. Structure, A typicalphage

of life cycle, lysogenic life cycle, Growth and assays for phage.

4. Structura of educational discipline

Title Modules and themes Number of hours

total lec. lab.

1 2 3 4

Module 1. Common microbiology

The theme 1-3.The microbial world,

evolutions of microbiology and

classification of microorganisms.

12 6 6

The theme 4-6. The morphology and

fine stru-cture of bacteria, archaea

and fungi. The yeasts.

12 6 6

The theme 7-10. Growth bacteria in

the laboratory, Procariote cell cycle,

Bacterial cell envelope and cell wall

synthesis

16 8 8

Total number of hours by module 1 40 20 20

Module 2. Industrial microbiology

The theme 1-3. Bacterial movement

and chemotaxis, Industrial uses of

yeasts, Vinegar productions,

microorganisms which take parts in

12 6 6

this processes.

The theme 4-8. The Soil Microbiology 16 8 8

Total number of hours by module 2 28 14 14

Total number of hours 68 34 34

7. THE THEMES OF LABORATORY WORKS

1. Microbiological laboratory. Common rules for work in the microbial

laboratory. Laboratory equipment. The microscopic observations of

microorganisms. Blight-field microscopy. Preparations for light microscopy.

2. Distinguishing characteristics of Fungi. Wet-mount technique and handing-

drop preparations of fungi and actinomycetes (genus Mucor, Aspergillus,

Penicillium, Actinomyces).

3. The morphology and structure of bacteria. The general forms of bacteria.

Fixed, stained smears of bacteria (genus Pseudomonas, Sarcina,

Streptococcus, Bacillus, Bacterium). Methods of fixation. Use of oil-

immersion in light microscopy.

4. Simple and differential staining. Gram-staining technique. Relative

differences between gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

Gram-staining of the microorganisms of tooth fur.

5. Methods of sterilization. Moist- heat and dry-heat sterilization. Steam under

pressure sterilization. Autoclave, its structure. Practical procedure of

autoclaving. Chemical agents for disinfection.

6. Nutrition media. Ingredients of media. Solid and liquid media. Meat-peptone

agar preparation. Beef-extract preparation.

7. Lactic acid fermentation. Microorganisms of fermented milk (Bulgarian

milk, acidophilus milk, yogurt, kefir). Acid producers are present in milk

products.

8. Alcohol fermentation .Yeasts in the production of alcoholic beverages (wine

Saccharomyces ellipsoids, beer S. cerevisiae). Baker’s yeast.

9. Butyric acid fermentation and the role of bacteria genus Clostridium sp. in

this processes. Pathogenic clostridia and food spoiling processes.

10. Test control. Module 1

11. Soil microorganisms. Number determination of microorganisms in soil

sample. Serial-dilution technique of soil sample. Pour-plate techniques of

isolating pure culture.

12. Pure cultures and cultural characteristics of soil microorganisms (agar-plate

colonies, agar-streak growth, growth in nutrient broth, growth in gelatin

stabs).

13. Antibiotics. Determination of test-culture susceptibility to antibiotics

(penicillin, ampiox, streptomycin) by paper-disk-plate technique.

14. Plant antibiotics. Determination of antimicrobial activity of onion and garlic

by agar-block technique.

15. Bacterial fertilizers. Isolation of free nitrogen fixator (Azotobacter sp) and

symbiotic nitrogen fixator ( Rhizobium sp) in bacterial fertilizer sample.

Determination of quality of RIZOBIN.

16. Microbial means for plant protection. Determination of number of cells

(Bacillus thuringiensis) in bitoxybacillin by direct microscopy technique.

17. Test control. Module 2.

7. The Themes of laboratory work

N Title the themes Hours

1 The morphology and structure of bacteria,

fungi.Simple and differential staining of bacteria

8

2 The Nutrition media. The Methods of sterilization, 6

3 Alcohol, Lactic acid, Butyric acid fermentation. 6

4 Soil microorganisms, Pure cultures and cultural 4

characteristics of soil microorganisms

5 Bacterial fertilizers, Antibiotics, Microbial means for

plant protection

10

Total number of hours 34

10. The methods of education

Explanatory- illustrative technique. Students acquire knowledge by listening to a

lecture on educational or instructional materials through electronic manual in the

finished forms. To obtaining the facts, conclusions they remain within the

reproductive thinking. This method is used to transfer large amount of data.

Reproductive method. Used in zastosuchvanni learned from sample or regulations.

Activity of the learner is algorithmic, ie conform, regulation, rule, similar to the

present sample situations.

Problem-based teaching method. Teacher before teaching material, poses the

problem, formulating cognitive task and then opening the system is proved by

comparing the views, shows how different approaches to solving the problem.

Students are like witnesses and accomplices in scientific research.

Heuristic method. The essence of which is to organize the active solver nominated

teacher cognitive tasks under the guidance of a teacher or based on heuristic

programs and guidelines. The process of thinking becomes productive nature, but it

gradually directs and supervises the teacher or the students on the basis of the

above programs and educational books. This method, one form of which is

heuristic conversation - a proven way to activate thinking, motivation to learning.

Research metod. After analysis of material production problems and tasks and

short oral or the written instruction of those who studed, self-study literature

sources, and measurements and perform other research actions. The initiative,

autonomy manifested in creativity research more full.

11. The methods of control

Rating of student from mastering of discipline is determined on a 100 ball scale. It

consists of rating from educational work at the evaluation of which 70 marks

target, and rating, from attestation (to examination) -30 marks. Every semantic

module is also estimated on a 100 ball scale. By the form of control of knowledges

from the semantic module 1 is implementation of calculation work from the

calculation of ground connective device on transformer substation (a task is given

out every student). Semantic module 2 estimated after by the results of defense of

reports from laboratory works.

On rating from educational work, in decision of department, rating from additional

work can influence - to 20 marks, and penalty rating (with a negative sign) -to 5

marks.

Rating of student from educational work RHpis determined after a formula

RHp=0.7*(R(1)om + R(2)om) , bnnpllltn R„p - -3--- +Rflp-RuJTp

n

where R(1)om, R(2)om - ratings estimations of 1th and 2th semantic modules on a

100-ball scale;

Rip, RuiTp - rating from additional work and penalty rating.

Students which collected from educational work 60 and more marks can not do

examination, and get an examination estimation "Automatically", in accordance

with the collected amount of marks, translated in a national estimation and

estimation of ECTS. In such case rating of student from discipline of RflHc equals

his rating from educational work

Нdisc.= Rh с

If a student wishes to promote rating and improved estimation from discipline, he

must pass semester attestation - to make examination. Students, which for

educational work collected less than, than 60 marks, must pass the examination.

For admitting to attestation a student must collect less than 60 marks from every

semantic module, but on the whole - not less than, 42 marks from educational

work.

Rating of student from attestation of RaT is determined on a 100-ball scale.

Rating of student from discipline of Rune is calculated on a formula

Rinc = RHp + 0,3 · RaT

Rating of student from discipline is translated in a national estimation and

estimation of ECTS.

The scale of appreciate national and ECTS

Rating for

disciplines,marks ECTS

mark National mark

For examination, course

work

for test

90 - 100 A FINE is excellent

implementation only with the

negligible quantity of

mistakes

accepted

82-89 В VERY WELL - higher

middle level with a few

mistakes

74-81 С WELL - in general correct

work with the certain

amount of flagrant mistakes

66-73 D SATISFACTORILY - not

bad, but with lots of failings

60-63 Е SUFFICIENTLY -

implementation satisfies

minimum criteria

35-59 FX Unsatisfactorily-it is needed

to work before to get a test

(positive mark)

Unapplied

with the

possibility

of re-

assembly

01-34 F Unsatisfac torily-Serious

further work is needed Fail with

obligatory

re-learning

courses

13. Methodologies

Scientific- methodological ensuring of teaching include: of state education

standards, curricula, training programs from all of normative and individual

teaching and research tasks, test papers, test and tests for electronic versions of

current and final evaluation, teaching materially for home task of students. optional

subjects, training programs, production and other practices, tutorials and chief aids,

instructional and teaching materials practical and laboratory works individual

teaching and research tasks, test papers, test and tests for electronic versions of

current and final evaluation, teaching material for home work of students.

14. The list of used literature

Main

1. Пирог Т.П. Загальна мікробіологія: Підручник – Київ, НУХТ, 2004, 471с.

2. Мишустин Е.Н., Емцев В.Т. Микробиология. М.,”Колос” 1987. 367 с.

3. Medigan M.T., Martinko J.M/ Parker J ( 1997) Brock Biology of Microorganisms,

8 th Edn. Prentice-Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River NJ.

4. Prescott L., Harley J.P. and Klein D.A. 91996) Microbiology, 3 rd Edn.Wm C.

Brown Communication Inc., Dubuque, 1A.

5. Tortora G.J., Funke B.R.and Case C.L. (1998) Microbiology: An Introduction, 6

th End. The Benjamin- Cummings Publishing Co.,Redwood City, CA.

6. Ainsworth, G.C. and P.H.A. Sneath Microbial Classification, Cambrige, New

York,1962.

7. Charles H.P., and B.C.J.G. Knight (eds.) Organization and Control in Procariotic

and Eucariotic Cells, Cambridge, London, 1970.

8. Meadow P., and S.J. Pirt (eds) Microbial Growth, Cambridge, New York.1969.

9. Гусев М.В., Минеева Л.А. Микробиология. М., изд. МГУ, 1985 204 с.

10. Ежов Г.И. Руководство к практическим занятиям по

сельскохозяйственной микробиологии и биохимии. М., Высшая школа, 1981,

86 с.

11. Кулік М.І. Практикум з мікробіології. Харків. 1984.

ADDITIONAL

12. Вершигора А.Е. и др. Общая микробиология. – Вища школа, 1988.

13. Громов Б.В. Строение бактерий.- Л.: Изд-во ЛГУ, 1985 – 185 с.

14. Стейнер Р., Эденберг Є., Ингрем Д. Мир микробов / Пер. с английского.-

Мир, 1979.- т. 1-3.

15. Андреюк К., Іутинська Г.О., Антипчук А.Ф. та ін. Функціонування

мікробних ценозів грунту в умовах антропогенного навантаження.- К.:

Обереги, 2001.- 192 с.

16. Пирог Т.П. Загальна мікробіологія: Підручник – Київ, НУХТ, 2004, 471с.

17. Мишустин Е.Н., Емцев В.Т. Микробиология. М.,”Колос” 1987. 367 с.

17.Векірчик К.М. Мікробіологія з основами вірусології: Підручник.-К:

Либідь, 2001. 312 с.

18. Koshevsky I., Kanarsky E. Bacteria and Fungi. Educational publication.

Methodical instructions for carrying out laboratory work on general microbiology

for the students of biotechnological specialities. Kyiv, 2012, 36 p.

15. Questions for control

1. Define the following terms: resolving power, numerical aperture, anionic

dye, cationic dye.

2. What are the usual magnifications obtainable with light microscopes?

3. Distinguish between simple and differential staining procedure.

4. What is the function of oil when used with oil-immersion odjective?

5. Why is the gram stain one of the most important and widely used stains in

bacteriology?

6. Give some reasons why microorganisms have a wider range of physiological

and biochemical potentialities than all other organisms combine.

7. Discuss the differences between procariotic and eucaryortic cell under the

foloowing topics: (a) Genetic system; (b) cytoplasmic nature and structure;

(c) outer cell structures.

8. What is meant by pure-culture concept? Why should we not always study

microorganisms in pure culture?

9. Summarize the developments that led to the establishment of bacteriology as

a science.

10. What are the usual morphological types of bacteria classified in the order

Eubacteriales?

11. Draw a typical bacterial cell and identify all parts.

12. Compare the chemistry and function of bacterial pili and flagella.

13. Is endospores formation in bacteria a method of reproduction or a means of

multiplication, or other?

14. Are the position and size of the endospores in a vegetative cell of value for

identification of a bacterium? Supplement your answer with specific

examples.

15. What is the relationship between protoplasts, spheroplasts, and L-forms of

bacteria?

16. How does the term growth as used in bacteriology differ from the same term

as applied to higher plants and animal?

17. Name and describe three methods of reproduction which may occur in

bacteria.

18. A fresh medium is inoculated with bacterial cells. Describe the sequence of

events that follows.

19. Draw a typical bacterial growth curve and label the various phases.

20. At what stage of the bacterial growth curve do the cells increase markedly in

size? Explain.

21. Compare the direct and indirect methods for estimating bacterial population

on the basis of (a) practical applications, (b) advantages, and (c) limitation of

use.

22. Distinguish between the meanings of the term pure culture, mixed culture.

23. Give several reasons why industrial companies maintain large culture

collections.

24. What general features should be observed in establishing the colonial

characteristics of a species?

25. Outline a laboratory procedure for isolating bacteria capable of digesting

cellulose.

26. List the conditions that influence the microbial population of soil.

27. If a soil sample is plated on nutrient agar, will the resulting colony count be

indicative of a total microbial population? Explain.

28. What is meant by the term mineralization? Give any example.

29. How may the process of nitrogen fixation be determined experimentally?

30. What changes do soil microorganisms cause on phosphorus and phosphorus

compounds?

Form №H-5.05

National University of life and environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Faculty Biotecnology

Educational – Qalificational level Bachelor

Semester, course 3 Semester 2 course

Educational Subject Basis Microbiology and virology ıı (microbiology)

Confirm on department Molecular biology, microbiology and biosafety

Minutes № 9 from 14 of May 2013

Head of a department Koshevsky I.I.

Examiner Koshevsky I.I.

Ticket № 1

Question 1. Call bacteria whose coloni

show on picture

Question 8. Exspozition of colouring of

bacterial cell by methylen blue ist,

min

word 1 1

2 3

3 5

4 7

5 9

Question 2 What bacteria has the more

active ability for transformation of urea

in the soil

. Question 9.Basis morphological

peculiarity of procariote is

1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 Rod form

2 Sporosarcina uerae 2 Endospore forming

3 Pseudomonas fluorescens 3 Have capsule

4 Azotobacter agilis 4 Absence of nuclear

5 Beggiatoria alba 5 Movement

Question 3. What is a toxical substance

forming at destraction of amino acids

. Question 10 What is the difference

between bacillus and bacteria ?

1 Alcochol 1 Presence of flagella

2 Indol 2 The form of flagella

3 Scatol 3 Reproduction

4 Ammonia 4 Presence of endospore

5 Cadaverin 5 Presence of nucleous

Question 4. Explainwhy some species of

cocci appear as chains A ? but others appear

incuboidal forms B..?

Question 11What generalizations can be

made whith respect to A morphology and

1 Monococcus 1 Spore formation

2 Tetracoccus 2 motility

3 Sarcina 3 Gram reactions

4 Streptococcus

5 Diplococcus

Question 5.In what compound of cell the

sulphur is present

Question 12 Main structure elements

of proteini are

1 Alanin 1 Phosphoruc acids

2 Metionin 2 Benzoic acid

3 Prolin 3 Amino acids

4 Arginin 4 АТP

5 Valin 5 DNA

Question 6 Reducing sulphur by

microorganisms to substance

Question 13 The role of nucleoid in

bacterial cel, for

1 FeS 1 Rest

2 H2S 2 Herediti

3 Na2SO4 3 Reproduction

4 K2SO4 4 Germination

5 (NH4)2SO4 5 Moving

Question 7 Bacteria has ability for

perfoming phosphorus very well.

Question 14 What is the

morphological group of staphylococcus

1 Micrococcus ureae 1 Rodlike

2 Sporosarcina ureae 2 Spiral

3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3 Spherical

4 Bacillus megaterium 4 Bacillus

5 Bacillus polymyxa 5 Helical

Question 15 Phosphorus in cells compositions Question 16 Function of pili in bacterial cell

1 Fimbriae 1 Germination

2 Flagella 2 Movement

3 Nucleous acid 3 Rest

4 Basal body 4 Conjgation

5 membrane 5 Vitamines

Question 17 Where is sulphur in the

cell

Question 24 What is the cytoplasme

1 Ascorbic acid 1 Nuclear substance

2 Tiamin 2 Compositions of cell

3 pectin 3 enzimes

4 Vitamines 4 Vitamines

5 Auxins 5 Proteines

Question 18 Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

– consist to morphologicalgroup of

bacteria

Question 25 Compositions of nuclear

substance

1 Sarcine 1 Proteines

2 Diplococcus 2 Benzoic acid

3 Rodlike 3 Peptones

4 Streptococcus 4 Vitamines

5 Spiral 5 Nucleous acid 4 Vitamines

Question 19 Give characteristics of

streptococcus.

Question 26 What bacteria have the

comma form ?

1 Singular 1 Vibrions

2 Plural 2 Sarcine

3 In pairs 3 Streptococcus

4 Spiral 4 Spiral

5 In chains 5 Streptococcus

Question 20. Who is the first

investigate bacteria from genera

Rhizobium

Question 27 How much vinegar we can

resive from 1 L grape vine

1 Omelyansky 1 600 г

2 Koch 2 500 г

3 Paster 3 200 г

4 Voronin 4 400 г

5 Bejerinc 5 100 г

Question 21 When bacteria penetrate in

tissue and forme nodules, what is it

. Question 28 How many flagellum

have monoflagella

1 Resistance 1 Two

2 Comensalizm 2 Three

3 Virulence 3 Four

4 Metabolizm 4 Five

5 Amensalizm 5 One

Question 22 What structure in bacterial

cell forme proteine

Question 29 Main bacteria which may

productions of antibiotics

1 Nucleois 1 Streptomyces spp.

2 Ribosome 2 Azotobacter spp.

3 Membrane 3 Penicillium spp.

4 Flagella 4 Aspergillus spp.

5 Plasmida 5 Pseudomonas spp.

Question 23 Call the science which study

algae

Question 30 Main function the spore of

fungi

1 Entomology 1 Movement

2 Phytopathology 2 Conjgation

3 Virology 3 Germination

4 Algology 4 Rest

5 Mycology 5 Protection

Form №H-5.05

National University of life and environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Faculty Biotecnology

Educational – Qalificational Level Bachelor

Semester, course 3 Semester 2 course

Educational Subject Basis Microbiology and virology ıı (microbiology)

Confirm on department Molecular biology, microbiology and biosafety

Minutes № 9 from 14 of May 2013

Head of a department Koshevsky I.I.

Examiner Koshevsky I.I.

Ticket № 3

Question 1. Call what is it A…? What

bacteria ?

Question 8. Exspozition of colouring of

bacterial cell by methylen blue ist,

min

1 Ccoloni 1 1

2 Cace 2 3

3 Stafilococcus 3 7

4 Sarcina 4 5

5 Escherichia 5 2

Question 2 What bacteria has the more

active ability for transformation of urea

in the soil

Question 9.Basis morphological

peculiarity of procariote is

1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 Rod form

2 Pseudomonas fluorescens 2 Endospore forming

3 Sporosarcina uerae 3 Have capsule

4 Azotobacter agilis 4 Movement

5 Beggiatoria alba 5 Absence of nuclear

Question 3. What is a toxical substance

forming at destraction of amino acids

Question 10 What is the difference

between bacillus and bacteria ?

1 Cadaverin 1 Presence of flagella

2 Indol 2 The form of flagella

3 Scatol 3 Reproduction

4 Ammonia 4 Presence of nucleous

5 Alcochol 5 Presence of endospore

Question 4. What enzymes has ability for

destroying of nuclear acids

Question 11 Function of volutiin, sulphur

in bacterial cells is

1 Hydrolase 1 Protein synthese

2 Ribonuclease 2 Catalist

3 Polyphenoloxidase 3 Vitamines

4 Urease 4 Reserve elements

5 Peroxidase 5 Proteines

Question 5.In what compound of cell the Question 12 Main structure elements

sulphur is present of proteini are

1 Alanin 1 Phosphoruc acids

2 Prolin 2 Benzoic acid

3 Metionin 3 АТP

4 Arginin 4 Amino acids

5 Valin 5 DNA

Question 6 Reducing sulphur by

microorganisms to substance

Question 13 The role of nucleoid in

bacterial cel, for

1 FeS 1 Rest

2 Na2SO4 2 Reproduction

3 H2S 3 Herediti

4 K2SO4 4 Germination

5 (NH4)2SO4 5 Moving

Question 7 Bacteria has ability for perfoming

phosphorus very well.

Question 14 What is the

morphological group of staphylococcus

1 Micrococcus ureae 1 Rodlike

2 Sporosarcina ureae 2 Spiral

3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3 Bacillus

4 Bacillus polymyxa 4 Spherical

5 Bacillus megaterium 5 Helical

Question 15 Phosphorus in cells compositions Question 16 Function of pili in bacterial cell

1 Fimbriae 1 Germination

2 Flagella 2 Movement

3 Basal body 3 Rest

4 Nucleous acid 4 Vitamines C

5 membrane 5 Conjugation

. Question 17 Where is sulphur in the

cell

. Question 24 What is the cytoplasme

1 Ascorbic acid 1 Nuclear substance

2 Pectin 2 Enzymes

3 Tiamin 3 Compositions of cell

4 Vitamines 4 Vitamines

5 Auxins 5 Proteines

Question 18 Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

– consist to morphologicalgroup of

bacteria

Question 25 Compositions of nuclear

substance

1 Sarcine 1 Nucleous acid

2 Diplococcus 2 Benzoic acid

3 Rodlike 3 Peptones

4 Streptococcus 4 Vitamines

5 Spiral 5 Proteines

Question 19 Give characteristics of

streptococcus.

Question 26 What bacteria have the

comma form ?

1 In chains 1 Sarcine

2 Plural 2 Vibrions

3 In pairs 3 Streptococcus

4 Spiral 4 Spiral

5 Singular 5 Streptococcus

Question 20. Who is the first

investigate bacteria from genera

Rhizobium

Question 27 How much vinegar we can

resive from 1 L grape vine

1 Bejerinc 1 600 г

2 Koch 2 500 г

3 Paster 3 200 г

4 Voronin 4 400 г

5 Omelyansky 5 100 г

Question 21 When bacteria penetrate in

tissue and forme nodules, what is it

Question 28 How many flagellum have

monoflagella

1 Resistance 1 Two

2 Comensalizm 2 Three

3 Metabolizm 3 Five

4 Virulence 4 Four

5 Amensalizm 5 One

Question 22 What structure in bacterial

cell forme proteine

. Question 29 Main bacteria which

may productions of antibiotics

1 Nucleois 1 Azotobacter spp

2 Membrane 2 . Streptomyces spp.

3 Ribosome 3 Penicillium spp.

4 Flagella 4 Aspergillus spp.

5 Plasmida 5 Pseudomonas spp.

Question 23 Call the science which study

algae

. Question 30 Main function of spore of

fungi

1 Entomology 1 Movement

2 Phytopathology 2 Conjgation

3 Virology 3 Rest

4 Mycology 4 Germination

5 Algology 5 Protection

National University of Life Ф-7.5-2.1.8-04

and Environmental Sciences

of Ukraine

The structurally- logical scheme

of discipline BASIS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı (microbiology)

Discepline and its parts, which are using knowledge of this discipline

Module 1 Module 2

І І I I

І І І І

І І I I

І І І І

Ф-7.5-2.1.8-05

National University of Life "CONFIRM”

and Environmental Sciences Dean of faculty biotechnology

of Ukraine ________Ju.V.Kolomiets

Biotech

nology,

Production;

amino-acids,

yeasts,lactic

acid, vinegar,

bear,

citric acid, vine,

antibiotics,

lysine,

Plant

protection,bacteri

al pesticide,

antibiotics,

resistance and immunity,

infections

diseases of plants.

Ecology

mutualism,

commen-

salisms,

antagonism,

parasitism,

microbial

interactions as

natural

phenomena in

ecosystems.

Agricult

ural

science:

transformatio

n of nitrogen

and carbone

compounds,

sulfate,

cellulose,

pesticides,

phosphorus,

CALENDAR PLANE EDUCATIONAL «_____» _______________ 2013

WORK from discipline BASIS Lecturer sen.lec. Koshevsky I.I.

MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı Week number 17

( MICROBIOLOGY) Lecture, hour 34

Direction 0514 – biotechnology Laboratory work, hour 34 Speciality –6.051401 – biotechnology Independent work, hour 55 3 Semester Total number of hours 123

2013-2014 M

o

n

t

h

W

e

e

k

Lecture H

o

u

r

Laboratory work H

o

u

r

Module 1

1 1 The microbial world. What is a

microbe?

evolution of microbiology, importance of microbiology,

methods microbial.

2 The microscopic, methods

observations

microorganism by

microscope

4

1 2 Classification of

microorganisms:

Current classification of

prokaryotes, fungus,

micoplasms

4 The general forms of bacteria.

fixed, stained smears of bacteria

Methods of fixation

microorganisms.

2

1 3 The morphology and fine

structure of bacteria,

endospore in the cell.

2 Simple and differential

staining. Gram-staining

technique.

2

1 4 Procariote growth and cell

cycle, rapid growth, the

bacterial growth curve,

continuous culture

2 The morphology and

structure of bacteria.

(coccus, rods, sarcina,

streptococcus,

staphylococcus

4

2 5

6

Heterotrophic pathways

Citric acid cycle and

respiration, fermentation

Biosyntheticpathways. arbohydrates, Amino acids,

Nucleic acids, Lipids.

4 Oral examination 2

2 7

8

Structure and organization of

DNA conformation, DNA

measurement and description,

4 Pure cultures and cultural

charac-teristics of soil

microorganisms (agar-plate

4

Chromosome RNA molecules

in the cell. Structure of RNA

Catalytic RNA molecules.

colonies, agar-streak

growth, growth in nutrient

broth, growth in gelatin

stabs).

Module 2

3 1 The Archaea. Comparison in

the Bacteria and the Eukaria,

Biotech-nology.

2 Methods of sterilization.

Moist- heat and dry-heat

sterilization

2

3 2 Bacterial movement and

chemotaxis. Motility, Flagella

structure, Flagella movement,

Chemotaxis

2 Nutrition media. Ingredients of

media. Solid and liquid media.

Meat-peptone agar

preparation. Beef-extract

preparation.

2

3 3 Growth in the laboratory.

Growth media. Solid and liquid

media. Ingre-dients of media.

2 Lactic acid fermentation.

Microorga-nisms of

fermented milk (Bulgarian

milk, acidophilus milk, yogurt,

kefir). Acid producers are

present in milk products.

4

1 2 3 4 5 6

3 4 Bacterial cell envelope and cell

wall synthesis, The Gram stain,

Lipid bilayer, Cytoplasmic

membrane, Transport across

membrane, The bacterial cell

wall.

2 Butyric acid fermentation and

the role of bacteria genus

Clostridium sp. in this

processes. Pathogenic

clostridia and food spoiling

processes.

2

4 1 Bacteriophage, structure, life

cycle, lysogenic life cycle.

2 Alcohol fermentation

.Yeasts in the production

of alcoholic beverages

(wine Saccharomyces

ellipsoids, beer S.

cerevisiae). Baker’s yeast.

2

4 2

3

4

Soil Microbiology. The microbiota of the

soil: Bacteria, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa,

Virus. The Rhizosphere, Proteolysis,

Amino acid degradation

6 Soil microorganisms.

Number

determination of

microorganisms in

4

soil

Oral examination

Lecturer sen.lec. Koshevsky I.I.

Results of controle calendar plan Head of a department I.I. . Koshevsky

Ф-7.5-2.1.8-05

National University of Life "CONFIRM”

and Environmental Sciences Dean of faculty biotechnology

of Ukraine ________Ju.V.Kolomiets

CALENDAR PLANE EDUCATIONAL «_____» _______________ 2013

WORK for extra-mural student EQL Bachelor Lecturer sen.lec. Koshevsky I.I.

from discipline BASIS

MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY ıı Week number

( MICROBIOLOGY) Lecture, hour 6

Direction 0514 – biotechnology Laboratory work, hour 6 Speciality –6.051401 – biotechnology Independent work, hour 120 3 Semester Total number of hours 132

2013-2014 W

e

e

k

Lecture H

o

u

r

Laboratory work H

o

u

r

Module 1

1 The microbial world. What is a

microbe?

evolution of microbiology, importance of microbiology,

methods microbial.

0,5 The microscopic,

methods observations

microorganism by

microscope

0,

5

2 Classification of

microorganisms:

Current classification of

prokaryotes, fungus,

micoplasms

1 The general forms of

bacteria. fixed, stained

smears of bacteria Methods

of fixation

microorganisms.

0,

5

3 The morphology and fine

structure of bacteria,

endospore in the cell.

0,5 Simple and differential

staining. Gram-staining

technique.

1

4 Procariote growth and cell

cycle, rapid growth, the

bacterial growth curve,

continuous culture

0

,

5

The morphology and

structure of bacteria.

(coccus, rods, sarcina,

streptococcus,

staphylococcus

0,

5

Module 2

1 Bacterial movement and

chemotaxis. Motility, Flagella

structure, Flagella movement,

Chemotaxis

1 Nutrition media.

Ingredients of media. Solid

and liquid media. Meat-

peptone agar preparation.

Beef-extract preparation.

0,

5

2 Growth in the laboratory.

Growth media. Solid and liquid

media. Ingre-dients of media.

1 Lactic acid fermentation.

Microorga-nisms of

fermented milk (Bulgarian

milk, acidophilus milk,

yogurt, kefir). Acid

1

producers are present in

milk products.

3

Bacterial cell envelope and cell

wall synthesis, The Gram stain,

Lipid bilayer, Cytoplasmic

membrane, Transport across

membrane, The bacterial cell

wall.

Bacteriophage, structure, life

cycle, lysogenic life cycle.

0,

5

Butyric acid fermentation

and the role of bacteria

genus Clostridium sp. in

this processes. Pathogenic

clostridia and food spoiling

processes.

0,

5

Alcohol fermentation

.Yeasts in the

production of alcoholic

beverages (wine

Saccharomyces

ellipsoids, beer S.

cerevisiae). Baker’s

yeast.

0,

5

4 Soil Microbiology. The microbiota of the

soil: Bacteria, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa,

Virus. The Rhizosphere, Proteolysis,

Amino acid degradation

1 Soil

microorganisms.

Number

determination of

microorganisms

in soil

Oral examination

1

Lecturer sen.lec. Koshevsky I.I.

Results of controle calendar plan Head of a department I.I. . Koshevsky

Ф-7.5-2.1.8-0.3

The report

Coordination of the working program of discipline “basis microbiology and

virology” whis others disciplines (speciality) 6.092 900 “ biotechnology”

Discipli

ne and

its

section

s,

which

preced

e

Studying of the

given discipline

Surname,the initials,

scientific degree and

academic status of

the teacher which

teaches the

previous discipline

Th

e

sig

nat

ure

Discipline

and its

sections,

in which

materials

of the

given

discipline

are used

Surname,the initials,

scientific degree and

academic status of

the teacher which

teaches the

following discipline

The

sign

atur

e

Botan

y

Prof.

Jacubenko

B.E.

Ecology of

microorganisms

Doc.Fedele

sh M.I.

Cell

biolog

y

Doc.

Marchenk

o O. A.

Phytopath

o

logy

Doc.

Antonenko

A.F.

Bioch

e-

mistry

Doc

Boyko O.L

Agricultur

al science

Prof. Balaev A.D.