Basics in Mineral Processing-general

SOLID MATERIAL SPECIFIC GRAVITY

Aluminium 2,70Laminated Aluminium 2,55 - 2,80Antimony 6,68Asbestos 2,10 - 2,80Arsenic (Crystalline) 5,72Barium 3,59Barytes 4,50Basalt 2,72 - 3,20Beryllium 1,82Bismuth 9,80Brick - Common 1,40 - 2,30Brass - Cast 8,40Brass - Laminated 8,50Cadmium 8,65Calcium 1,55Carbon (Diamond) 3,51Cement - Portland 3,10 - 3,20Chalk 1,80 - 2,80Charcoal 0,30 - 0,60Chromium 7,10Chromium oxyde 5,21Clay 1,28 - 2,60Coal - Bitum - Broken 1,20 - 1,50Coal - Anthr - Broken 1,40 - 1,80Cobalt 8,90Coke - Loose 1,00 - 1,40Concrete Masonry 2,20 - 2,40(Cement, Stone, Sand,...)

Copper - Pure 8,92Copper - Laminated 8,80 - 8,95Copper - Cast 8,80 - 8,95Corundum 3,90 - 4,00Diamond 3,51Dolomite 2,90Earth - Dry - Loose 1,20Earth - Moist - Loose 1,30Feldspar 2,50 - 2,70

Flint 3,20 - 4,70Glass 2,40 - 2,80Gold 19,29Granite 2,60 - 2,70Graphite 2,26Grease 0,93Gypsum 2,28 - 2,80Hornblende 3,00Ice 0,88 - 0,92Iridium 22,40Iron - Raw 7,0 - 7,80Iron - Pure 7,86Iron - Wrought 7,60 - 7,90Iron - Cast 7,40 - 7,80Iron - Oxyde 5,10Lead 11,33Lime 0,85 - 1,0Limestone - Solid 2,10 - 2,95Lithium 0,53Magnesia 3,04Magnesium 1,74Manganese 7,20Marble 2,30 - 2,70Mica 2,80 - 2,93Molybdenum 10,20Mud - River 1,44 - 1,84Nickel 8,90Palladium 12,00Paper 0,75 - 1,15Paraffin 0,87 - 0,91Platinum 21,45Pitch 1,07 - 1,25Potassium 0,86Quartz 2,50 - 2,80Radium 5,00Rhodium 12,50Rubber 0,92 - 0,96

Sand - Dry 1,40 - 1,70Sand - Wet 1,89 - 2,16Sandstone 1,90 - 2,50Schist - Slate 2,60 - 2,90Selenium 4,26 - 4,80Silicon - Amorphous 2,00Silver 10,50Sodium 0,97Soil 1,12Soapstone 2,60 - 2,80Snow 0,12Snow - Compact 0,80Sulphur -

Amorphous -Monoclinic -Rhombic 1,93 - 2,07

Steel - Cast 7,80Talc 2,60 - 2,80Tallow 0,90 - 1,00Tar 1,00 - 1,20Thorium 11,20Tungsten 19,30Uranium 11,28Tin - Cast 7,20 - 7,50Tin - Laminated 7,20 - 7,50Vanadium 5,96Zinc 7,14Zinc - Cast 6,86Zinc - Laminated 7,15Wood - Oak 0,60 - 0,90Wood - Birch - Tree 0,71 - 0,72Wood - Alden 0,55Wood - Charm 0,72Wood - Maple - Tree 0,75Wood - Pine - Tree 0,43 - 0,67Wood - Larch - Tree 0,75

MATERIAL SPECIFIC GRAVITY(kg/dm3) MATERIAL SPECIFIC GRAVITY

(kg/dm3) MATERIAL SPECIFIC GRAVITY(kg/dm3)

© Magotteaux 10.02

The information and data are accurate to the best of our knowledge and belief,but are intended for general information only. Applications suggested for thematerials are described only to help readers make their own evaluations and areneither guarantees nor to be construed as express or implied warranties of suit-ability for these or other applications.

CIRCULATING LOAD

© Magotteaux 10.02

F = new feed to circuit (tph)X = feed to hydrocyclone (tph)UF = hydrocyclone underflow (tph)OF = hydrocyclone overflow (tph)CL = circulation load (ratio) (%)S = sieve mesh or micron size used for evaluation

a =% passing selected sieve size S in hydrocyclone feedb =% passing selected sieve size S in hydrocyclone underflowc =% passing selected sieve size S in hydrocyclone overflow

Circulating load is defined by :

C.L. =UF c - aF a - b

=

F (t/h) X (t/h)

UF (t/h)

OF (t/h)

a

b

c

BM

F (t/h) X (t/h)

UF (t/h)

OF (t/h)

a

b

c

BM


SIEVE

© Magotteaux 10.02

Mesh Microns

3,5 5.6004 4.7505 4.0006 3.3507 2.8008 2.360

12 1.700

16 1.18018 1.00020 85025 710

35 500

45 35550 30060 25070 212

100 150

140 106170 90200 75230 63270 53

325 45

400 38500 25

Microns2,5 8.000

3,5 5.600

5 4.000

7 2.800

9 2.000

12 1.400

18 1.000

25 710

35 500

45 355

60 25070 21280 180

120 125140 106170 90200 75230 63270 53

325 45

400 38

Microns

3 5.600

4 4.0005 3.3506 2.800

8 2.000

10 1.700

14 1.18016 1.00018 850

25 60030 500

36 42544 355

60 25072 212

100 150

150 106170 90200 75240 63

300 53

350 45

400 38

SIEVE

TYLER BRITISH STANDARDUSA - A.S.T.M.E. 11.70


METRIC UNITS

FORCE OR WEIGHT UNITS

* 1 Newton = 1 N = 1 kg m/s2

1 N 1 10-3 10-6 0,102 105

1 kN 103 1 10-3 0,102.103 108

1 MN 106 103 1 0,102.106 1011

(dyn)(kgf)MNkNN*

PRESSURE UNITS

* 1 Torr = 1/760 atm= 1,33322 mbar

1 mm Hg (mm in a mercury column at t = 0°c)

1 Pa = 1N/m2 1 10-6 10-5 1,02.10-5 0,00751 N/mm2 106 1 10 10,2 7,5.103

1 bar 105 0,1 1 1,02 750(1 kgf/am2 = 1at) 98100 9,81.10-2 0,981 1 736(1 torr)* 133 0,133.10-3 1,33.10-3 1,36.10-3 1

(torr)(kgf/cm2)barN/mm2Pa

=>

ENERGY & WORK UNITS

* 1 Joule = 1 J = 1 Nm= 1 ws

1 J 1 0,278.10-6 0,102 0,239.10-3 0,37.10-6

1 kW h 3,60.106 1 367.103 860 1,36(1 kgf m) 9,81 2,72.10-6 1 2,345.10-3 3,70.10-6

(1 kcal) 4186,8 1,16.10-3 426,9 1 1,58.10-3

(1 ch h) 2,65.106 0,736 0,27.106 632 1

(ch h)(kcal)(kgf m)kW hJ

POWER UNITS

1 W* 1 10-3 0,102 0,860 1,36.10-3

1 kW 1000 1 102 860 1,36(1 kgf m/s) 9,81 9,81.10-3 1 8,43 13,3.10-3

(1 kcal/h) 1,16 1,16.10-3 0,119 1 1,58.10-3

(1 ch) 736 0,736 75 632 1

(ch)(kcal/h)(kgf m/s)kWW

* 1 Watt = 1 W = 1 Nm/s

VARIOUS

1 Metric carat = 1 ct = 200 mg = 0,2.10-3Kg = 1/5000 kgFINENESS OF PRECIOUS METALS :24 carats 1000,00 % 18 carats 750,00 %14 carats 583,33 % 8 carats 333,33 %

=>

=>

=>

=>

© Magotteaux 10.02


FILLING DEGREE

Percentage filling following the measurements inside the mill:

H = free height above the ball load (in relation withdiameter inside of liners)

D = diameter inside of linersST = total area inside of liners

S1 = area of the grinding media

R = filling degree in volume (%)

HD

A

ST

S1

H1

00,5

0,55

0,6

0,65

0,7

0,75

0,8

0,85

0,9

0,95

1,0

H/D

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Filling degree in volume

360

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

210

200

190

1802 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50

Angle ∝

Filling degree in volume

ST= π ..........m2

...........m

............°

..........m2

..........%

D2

4

R= S1

ST

D2

8

2 x H1

D

H1= H - D2

A= 2 x ARCOS ( )π x A180°

S1= ( )x

x 100

-Sin A

FILLING DEGREE IN VOLUME (%)

n = number of visible lining platesN = number of lining plates per circumference∝ = Angle

∝ =n x 360

N

© Magotteaux 10.02

FILLING DEGREE

VALUES OF ANGLE A AND H/D RATIO IN RELATION TO THE FILLING DEGREE (%)

20 .7459 121.120.1 .745 121.320.2 .7441 121.520.3 .7432 121.820.4 .7423 12220.5 .7414 122.320.6 .7405 122.520.7 .7396 122.720.8 .7387 12320.9 .7379 123.221 .737 123.4

21.1 .7361 123.721.2 .7352 123.921.3 .7343 124.121.4 .7334 124.321.5 .7325 124.621.6 .7316 124.821.7 .7307 12521.8 .7299 125.321.9 .729 125.522 .7281 125.7

22.1 .7272 125.922.2 .7263 126.222.3 .7254 126.422.4 .7246 126.622.5 .7237 126.822.6 .7228 127.122.7 .7219 127.322.8 .7211 127.522.9 .7202 127.723 .7193 128

23.1 .7184 128.223.2 .7176 128.423.3 .7167 128.623.4 .7158 128.923.5 .7149 129.123.6 .7141 129.323.7 .7132 129.523.8 .7123 129.723.9 .7115 13024 .7106 130.2

24.1 .7097 130.6

24.2 .7089 130.424.3 .708 130.824.4 .7072 13124.5 .7063 131.324.6 .7054 131.524.7 .7046 131.724.8 .7037 131.924.9 .7028 132.125 .702 132.3

25.1 .7011 132.625.2 .7003 132.825.3 .6994 13325.4 .6986 133.225.5 .6977 133.425.6 .6968 133.625.7 .696 133.825.8 .6951 134.125.9 .6943 134.326 .6934 134.5

26.1 .6926 134.726.2 .6917 134.926.3 .6909 135.126.4 .69 135.326.5 .6892 135.526.6 .6883 135.726.7 .6875 13626.8 .6866 136.226.9 .6858 136.427 .685 136.6

27.1 .6841 136.827.2 .6833 13727.3 .6824 137.227.4 .6816 137.427.5 .6807 137.627.6 .6799 137.827.7 .679 13827.8 .6782 138.227.9 .6774 138.428 .6765 138.7

28.1 .6757 138.928.2 .6748 139.128.3 .674 139.3

28.4 .6732 139.528.5 .6723 139.728.6 .6715 139.928.7 .6707 140.128.8 .6698 140.328.9 .669 140.529 .6682 140.7

29.1 .6673 140.929.2 .6665 141.129.3 .6657 141.329.4 .6648 141.529.5 .664 141.729.6 .6632 141.929.7 .6623 142.129.8 .6615 142.329.9 .6607 142.530 .6598 142.7

30.1 .659 142.930.2 .6582 143.130.3 .6574 143.330.4 .6565 143.530.5 .6557 143.730.6 .6549 143.930.7 .6541 144.130.8 .6532 144.330.9 .6524 144.531 .6516 144.7

31.1 .6508 144.931.2 .6499 145.131.3 .6491 145.331.4 .6483 145.531.5 .6475 145.731.6 .6466 145.931.7 .6458 146.131.8 .645 146.331.9 .6442 146.532 .6434 146.7

32.1 .6425 146.932.2 .6417 147.132.3 .6409 147.332.4 .6401 147.532.5 .6393 147.7

FILLINGDEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D FILLING

DEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D FILLINGDEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D

© Magotteaux 10.02

© Magotteaux 10.02

36.8 .6044 155.936.9 .3036 156.137 .6028 156.3

37.1 .602 156.537.2 .6012 156.637.3 .6004 156.837.4 .5996 15737.5 .5988 157.237.6 .598 157.437.7 .5972 157.637.8 .5964 157.837.9 .5956 157.938 .5948 158.1

38.1 .594 158.338.2 .5932 158.538.3 .5924 158.738.4 .5916 158.938.5 .5908 159.138.6 .59 159.338.7 .5892 159.438.8 .5884 159.638.9 .5876 159.839 .5868 160

39.1 .586 160.239.2 .5852 160.439.3 .5844 160.639.4 .5836 160.739.5 .5828 160.939.6 .5821 161.139.7 .5813 161.339.8 .5805 161.539.9 .5797 161.740 .5789 161.8

40.1 .5781 16240.2 .5773 162.240.3 .5765 162.440.4 .5757 162.640.5 .5749 162.840.6 .5741 16340.7 .5733 163.140.8 .5725 163.340.9 .5717 163.5

41 .5709 163.741.1 .5701 163.941.2 .5693 164.141.3 .5685 164.241.4 .5678 164.441.5 .567 164.641.6 .5662 164.841.7 .5654 16541.8 .5646 165.241.9 .5638 165.342 .563 165.5

42.1 .5622 165.742.2 .5614 165.942.3 .5606 166.142.4 .5598 166.342.5 .559 166.442.6 .5583 166.642.7 .5575 166.842.8 .5567 16742.9 .5559 167.243 .5551 167.3

43.1 .5543 167.543.2 .5535 167.743.3 .5527 167.943.4 .5519 168.143.5 .5511 168.343.6 .5504 168.443.7 .5496 168.643.8 .5488 168.843.9 .548 16944 .5472 169.2

44.1 .5464 169.344.2 .5456 169.544.3 .5448 169.744.4 .544 169.944.5 .5433 170.144.6 .5425 170.344.7 .5417 170.444.8 .5409 170.644.9 .5401 170.845 .5393 171

45.1 .5385 171.2

32.6 .6384 147.832.7 .6376 14832.8 .6368 148.232.9 .636 148.433 .6352 148.6

33.1 .6344 148.833.2 .6336 14933.3 .6327 149.233.4 .6319 149.433.5 .6311 149.633.6 .6303 149.833.7 .6295 15033.8 .6287 150.233.9 .6279 150.434 .627 150.6

34.1 .6262 150.834.2 .6254 150.934.3 .6246 151.134.4 .6238 151.334.5 .623 151.534.6 .6222 151.734.7 .6214 151.934.8 .6206 152.134.9 .6197 152.335 .6189 152.5

35.1 .6181 152.735.2 .6173 152.935.3 .6165 15335.4 .6157 153.235.5 .6149 153.435.6 .6141 153.635.7 .6133 153.835.8 .6125 15435.9 .6117 154.236 .6109 154.4

36.1 .6101 154.636.2 .6093 154.836.3 .6085 154.936.4 .6077 155.136.5 .6068 155.336.6 .606 155.536.7 .6052 155.7

VALUES OF ANGLE A AND H/D RATIO IN RELATION TO THE FILLING DEGREE (%)

FILLINGDEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D FILLING

DEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D FILLINGDEGREE (%) ANGLE AH/D


HB HRcHB HRc HB HRc HB HRc HB HRc

HARDNESS & IMPACT ENERGY

164 8.20169 9.10174 10.00179 11.00184 11.90189 12.80194 13.60199 14.50204 15.40209 16.20214 17.10219 17.90224 18.70229 19.50234 20.40239 21.20244 22.00249 22.70254 23.50259 24.30264 25.00269 25.70274 26.50279 27.20284 27.90289 28.60294 29.30299 30.00304 30.70309 31.30314 32.00319 32.50324 33.30329 33.90334 34.50339 35.10344 35.70349 36.30354 36.90359 37.40364 38.00369 38.50374 39.10379 39.60384 40.10389 40.60394 41.10399 41.60404 42.10409 42.60414 43.00419 43.50424 43.90429 44.40434 44.80439 45.20444 45.60449 46.00

163 8.00168 8.90173 9.90178 10.80183 11.70188 12.60193 13.50198 14.30203 15.20208 16.10213 16.90218 17.80223 18.60228 19.40233 20.20238 21.00243 21.80248 22.50253 23.30258 24.10263 24.90268 25.60273 26.30278 27.10283 27.80288 28.50293 29.20298 29.90303 30.50308 31.20313 31.80318 32.50323 33.10328 33.80333 34.40338 35.00343 35.60348 36.20353 36.70358 37.30363 37.90368 38.40373 39.00378 39.50383 40.00388 40.50393 41.00398 41.50403 42.00408 42.50413 42.90418 43.40423 43.80428 44.30433 44.70438 45.10443 45.50448 45.90

162 7.80167 8.70172 9.70177 10.60182 11.50187 12.40192 13.30197 14.20202 15.00207 15.90212 16.70217 17.60222 18.40227 19.20232 20.00237 20.80242 21.60247 22.40252 23.20257 24.00262 24.70267 25.50272 26.20277 26.90282 27.60287 28.30292 29.00297 29.70302 30.40307 31.10312 31.70317 32.40322 33.00327 33.60332 34.20337 34.90342 35.50347 36.00352 36.60357 37.20362 37.80367 38.30372 38.90377 39.40382 39.90387 40.40392 40.90397 41.40402 41.90407 42.40412 42.80417 43.30422 43.70427 44.20432 44.60437 45.00442 45.40447 45.80

161 7.60166 8.60171 9.50176 10.40181 11.30186 12.20191 13.10196 14.00201 14.90206 15.70211 16.60216 17.40221 18.20226 19.10231 19.90236 20.70241 21.50246 22.30251 23.00256 23.80261 24.50266 25.30271 26.00276 26.80281 27.50286 28.20291 28.90296 29.60301 30.30306 30.90311 31.60316 32.20321 32.90326 33.50331 34.10336 34.70341 35.30346 35.90351 36.50356 37.10361 37.60366 38.20371 38.70376 39.30381 39.80386 40.30391 40.80396 41.30401 41.80406 42.30411 42.70416 43.20421 43.70426 44.10431 44.50436 44.90441 45.30446 45.70

160 7.40165 8.40170 9.30175 10.20180 11.10185 12.00190 12.90195 13.80200 14.70205 15.60210 16.40215 17.20220 18.10225 18.90230 19.70235 20.50240 21.30245 22.10250 22.90255 23.70260 24.40265 25.20270 25.90275 26.60280 27.30285 28.10290 28.80295 29.40300 30.10305 30.80310 31.50315 32.10320 32.70325 33.40330 34.00335 34.60340 35.20345 35.80350 36.40355 37.00360 37.50365 38.10370 38.60375 39.20380 39.70385 40.20390 40.70395 41.20400 41.70405 42.20410 42.70415 43.10420 43.60425 44.00430 44.40435 44.90440 45.30445 45.70450 46.10

720 64.60725 65.00730 -735 -740 65.70745 -750 -755 66.40760 -765 -770 67.00

650 -655 61.00660 -665 -670 62.00675 -680 62.50685 -690 63.00695 -700 -705 63.80710 -

Euronorm 8 (Technical note Quality Group n°06 02/92

585 -590 56.30595 -600 56.80605 -610 57.40615 -620 58.00625 -630 59.00635 -640 -645 60.00

520 52.60525 -530 53.10535 -540 53.80545 54.00550 -555 54.50560 -565 55.00570 55.20575 -580 55.70

455 47.00460 47.70465 48.40470 48.70475 49.10480 49.50485 49.80490 50.10495 50.40500 51.20505 -510 51.90515 -

HB HRcHB HRc HB HRc HB HRc HB HRc

Hardness conversion table

”MAGOTTEAUX GROUP’s table” for the conversion of the HB values > 450 in Rc values (Technical note Quality Group n°06 02/92)References: several extrapolations, among them DIN until 620 HB.

© Magotteaux 10.02

© Magotteaux 10.02

IMPACT ENERGY OF BALLS

MINERAL HARDNESS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Galena 2 - 3 PbS

Cuprite 3.5 - 4 Cu2O

Chalcosine 2.5 - 3 Cu2S

Calcite 3 CaCo3

Bornite 3 Cu5FeS4

Chalcopyrite 3 - 4 CuFeS2

Blende 3 - 4 ZnS

Pyrrhotite 4 FeS

Dolomite 3.4 - 4 (Ca, Mg) (Co3)2Malachite 3.5 - 4 CuCO3.Cu(OH)2

Magnetite 5.5 - 6 Fe3O4

Amphibole 5.5 - 6

Pyroxenes 5.5 - 6 (MgO, FeO).SiO2

Hematite 5.5 - 6 Fe2O3

Olivine 6.5 - 7 (FeMg)2SiO4

Epidotes 6.5 Ca2(Al, Fe)3Si3O12(OH)

Feldspath 6 - 6.5 K(AlSi3)O8

Pyrite 6 - 6.5 FeS2

Chromite 5.5 FeO.Cr2O3

Garnets 6.5 - 7.5 X3Y2Si3O12

Quartz 7 SiO2

Ferrite 100 - 200 HVPearlite 300 - 500 HVBainite 600 - 700 HVMartensite 800 - 1000 HVIron carbides 1100 HVCr Carbides 1500 - 2000 HV

51

2

33,23,43,63,8

4

5

10 15 20

Ø 50mm(0.500K)

Ø 60mm(0.864K)

Ø 70mm(1.372K)

Ø 80mm(2.048K)

Ø 90mm(2.916K)

Ø 100mm(4.001K)

Ø 110mm(5.325K)

Ø 125mm(7.814K)

Impact energy of balls as afunction of mill diametersat 72% critical speed

Mill diameter (M)

Impactenergy (kgfm)

Mill critical speed =

D1 = diameter in mD2 = diameter in ft

42.3D1

or 76.63D2

Mineral compositionMohsMinerals


UNITS CONVERSION

HANDY MULTIPLIERS

Acres 43,560 Square feetAcres 4047 Square metersAcres 1.562x10-3 Square milesAtmospheres 76.0 Cms. of mercuryAtmospheres 29.92 Inches of mercuryAtmospheres 33.90 Feet of waterAtmospheres 10,333 Kgs./sq. meterAtmospheres 14.70 Lbs./sq. InchAtmospheres 1.058 Tons/sq. ft.British Thermal Units 0.2520 Kilogram-caloriesBritish Thermal Units 3.927x10-4 Horsepower-hrsBritish Thermal Units 107.5 Kilogram-metersBritish Thermal Units 2.928x10-4 Kilowatt-hrsB.T.U. 1.055056 KilojouleB.T.U./min 0.02356 HorsepowerB.T.U./min 0.01757 KilowattsB.T.U./min 17.57 WattsCentares (Centiares) 1 Square metersCentigrams 0.01 GramsCentiliters 0.01 LitersCentimeters 0.3937 InchesCentimeters 0.1 MetersCentimeters 10 MilimetersCentimeters of mercury 0.01316 AtmospheresCentimeters of mercury 0.4461 Feet of waterCentimeters of mercury 136.0 Kgs./sq. meterCentimeters of mercury 27.85 Lbs./sq. ft.Centimeters of mercury 0.1934 Lbs./sq. inchCentimeters/sec. 1.969 Feet/min.Centimeters/sec. 0.03281 Feet/sec.Centimeters/sec. 0.036 Kilometers/hr.Centimeters/sec. 0.6 Meters/min.Centimeters/sec. 0.02237 Miles/hr.Centimeters/sec. 3.728x10-4 Miles/min.Cubic centimeters 3.531x10-5 Cubic feetCubic centimeters 6.102x10-2 Cubic inchesCubic centimeters 10-6 Cubic metersCubic centimeters 2.642x10-4 GallonsCubic centimeters 10-3 LitersCubic feet 2.832x104 Cubic cms.Cubic feet 1728 Cubic inchesCubic feet 0.02832 Cubic metersCubic feet 7.48052 GallonsCubic feet 28.32 LitersCubic feet/min. 472.0 Cubic cms./sec.Cubic feet/min. 0.1247 Gallons/sec.Cubic feet/min. 0.4720 Liters/sec.Cubic feet/sec. 448.831 Gallons/min.Cubic inches 16.39 Cubic centimetersCubic inches 5.787x10-4 Cubic feetCubic inches 1.639x10-5 Cubic metersCubic inches 4.329x10-3 GallonsCubic inches 1.639x10-2 LitersCubic meters 106 Cubic centimetersCubic meters 35.31 Cubic feetCubic meters 61.023 Cubic inchesCubic meters 264.2 GallonsCubic meters 103 LitersDecigrams 0.1 GramsDeciliters 0.1 LitersDecimeters 0.1 MetersDegrees (angle) 60 MinutesDegrees (angle) 0.01745 RadiansDegrees (angle) 3600 SecondsDegrees/sec. 0.01745 Radians/sec.Degrees/sec. 0.1667 Revolutions/min.Degrees/sec. 0.002778 Revolutions/sec.Dekagrams 10 GramsDekaliters 10 LitersDekameters 10 Meters

Feet 30.48 CentimetersFeet 12 InchesFeet 0.3048 MetersFeet of water 0.02950 AtmospheresFeet of water 0.8826 Inches of mercuryFeet of water 304.8 Kgs./sq. meterFeet of water 62.43 Lbs./sq. ft.Feet of water 0.4335 Lbs./sq. inchGallons 3785 Cubic centimetersGallons 0.1337 Cubis feetGallons 231 Cubic inchesGallons 3.785x10-3 Cubic metersGallons 3.785 LitersGallons-Imperial 1.20095 U.S. GallonsGallons-U.S. 0.83267 Imperial GallonsGrams 980.7 DynesGrams 103 MilligramsGrams 0.03527 OuncesGrams 0.03215 Ounces (troy)Grams 2.205x10-3 PoundsGrams/liter 1000 Parts/millionHectares 2.471 AcresHectares 1.076x105 Square feetHectograms 100 GramsHectoliters 100 LitersHectometers 100 MetersHectowatts 100 WattsHorsepower 42.44 B.T.U./min.Horsepower 1.014 Horsepower (metric)Horsepower 10.70 Kg-calories/min.Horsepower 0.7457 KilowattsHorsepower 745.7 WattsHorsepower-hours 2547 B.T.U.Horsepower-hours 641.7 Kilogram-caloriesHorsepower-hours 2.737x105 Kilogram-metersHorsepower-hours 0.7457 Kilowatt-hoursInches 2.540 CentimetersInches of mercury 0.03342 AtmospheresInches of mercury 1.133 Feet of waterInches of water 0.07355 Inches of mercuryInches of water 25.40 Kgs./sq. meterInches of water 5.202 Lbs./sq. footInches of water 0.03613 Lbs./sq. inchKilograms 980.665 DynesKilograms 2.205 Lbs.Kilograms 1.102x10-3 Tons (short)Kilograms 103 GramsKilograms-calories 3.968 B.T.U.Kilograms-calories 3086 Foot-poundsKilograms-calories 1.558x10-3 Horsepower-hrs.Kilograms-calories 1.162x10-3 Kilowatt-hoursKilograms-calories 4.1868 KilojouleKilograms-cal./min. 0.09351 HorsepowerKilograms-cal./min. 0.06972 KilowattsKgs./sq. meter 9.678x10-5 AtmospheresKgs./sq. meter 3.281x10-3 Feet of waterKgs./sq. meter 2.896x10-3 Inches of mercuryKiloliters 103 LitersKilometers 105 CentimetersKilometers 3281 FeetKilometers 103 MetersKilometers 0.6214 MilesKilometers 1094 YardsKilometers/hr. 27.78 Cms./sec.Kilometers/hr. 54.68 Feet/min.Kilometers/hr. 0.9113 Feet/sec.Kilometers/hr. 0.6214 Miles/hr.Kilowatts 56.92 B.T.U./min.Kilowatts 1.341 HorsepowerKilowatts 14.34 Kg-calories/min.

By To obtainMultiplyBy To obtainMultiply

© Magotteaux 10.02

Kilowatts 103 WattsKilowatt-hours 3415 B.T.U.Kilowatt-hours 1.341 Horsepower-hrs.Kilowatt-hours 860.5 Kilogram-caloriesKilowatt-hours 3.671x105 Kilogram-metersLiters 103 Cubic centimetersLiters 0.03531 Cubic feetLiters 61.02 Cubic inchesLiters 10-3 Cubic metersLiters 0.2642 GallonsMeters 100 CentimetersMeters 3.281 FeetMeters 39.37 InchesMeters 10-3 KilometersMeters 103 MillimetersMeters 1.094 YardsMeters/min. 1.667 Centimeters/sec.Meters/min. 3.281 Feet/min.Meters/min. 0.05468 Feet/sec.Meters/min. 0.06 Kilometers/hr.Meters/min. 0.03728 Miles/hr.Meters/sec. 196.8 feet/min.Meters/sec. 3.281 Feet/sec.Meters/sec. 3.6 Kilometers/hr.Meters/sec. 0.06 Kilometers/min.Meters/sec. 2.237 Miles/hr.Meters/sec. 0.03728 Miles/min.Microns 10-6 MetersMiles 1.609x105 CentimetersMiles 5280 FeetMiles 1.609 KilometersMiles 1760 YardsMiles/hr. 1.609 Kilometers/hr.Milliers 103 KilogramsMilligrams 10-3 GramsMilliliters 10-3 LitersMillimeters 0.1 CentimetersMillimeters 0.03937 InchesMilligrams/liter 1 Parts/millionMinutes (angle) 2.909x10-4 RadiansOunces 0.0625 PoundsOunces 28.349527 GramsOunces 0.9115 Ounces (troy)Ounces 2.790x10-5 Tons (long)Ounces 2.835x10-5 Tons (metric)Ounces (troy) 0.08333 Pounds (troy)Ounces (troy) 31.103481 GramsParts/millions (by weight) 8.345 Lbs./million gal.Pounds 16 OuncesPounds 0.0005 Tons (short)Pounds 453.5924 GramsPounds 1.21528 Pounds (troy)Pounds 14.5833 Ounces (troy)Pounds (troy) 12 Ounces (troy)Pounds (troy) 373.24177 GramsPounds (troy) 3.6735x10-4 Tons (long)Pounds (troy) 4.1143x10-4 Tons (short)Pounds (troy) 3.7324x10-4 Tons (metric)Quadrants (angle) 90 DegreesQuadrants (angle) 5400 MinutesQuadrants (angle) 1.571 RadiansRadians 57.30 DegreesRadians 3438 MinutesRadians 0.637 QuadrantsRadians/sec. 57.30 Degrees/sec.Radians/sec. 0.1592 Revolutions/sec.Radians/sec. 9.549 Revolutions/min.

Radians/sec./sec. 573.0 Revs./min./min.Radians/sec./sec. 0.1592 Revs./sec./sec.Revolutions 360 DegreesRevolutions 4 QuadrantsRevolutions 6.283 RadiansRevolutions/min. 6 Degrees/sec.Revolutions/min. 0.1047 Radians/sec.Revolutions/min. 0.01667 Revolutions/sec.Revolutions/min./min. 1.745x10-3 Rads/sec./sec.Revolutions/min./min. 2.778x10-4 Revs/sec./sec.Revolutions/sec. 360 Degress/sec.Revolutions/sec. 6.283 Radians/sec.Revolutions/sec. 60 Revolution/min.Revolutions/sec./sec. 6.283 Radians/sec./sec.Revolutions/sec./sec. 3600 Revs./min./min.Seconds (angle) 4.848x10-6 RadiansSquare centimeters 1.076x10-4 Square feetSquare centimeters 0.1550 Square inchesSquare centimeters 10-4 Square metersSquare centimeters 100 Square millimetersSquare feet 2.296x10-5 AcresSquare feet 929.0 Square centimetersSquare feet 144 Square inchesSquare feet 0.09290 Square metersSquare inches 6.452 Square centimetersSquare inches 6.944x10-3 Square feetSquare inches 645.2 Square millimetersSquare kilometers 247.1 AcresSquare kilometers 10.76x106 Square feetSquare kilometers 106 Square metersSquare kilometers 0.3861 Square milesSquare meters 2.471x10-4 AcresSquare meters 10.76 Square feetSquare meters 3.861x10-7 Square milesSquare miles 640 AcresSquare miles 27.88x106 Square feetSquare miles 2.590 Square kilometersSquare millimeters 0.01 Square centimetersSquare millimeters 1.550x10-3 Square inchesTemp.(°C.) + 273 1 Abs. Temp. (°C.)Temp.(°C.) + 17.78 1.8 Temp. (°F.)Temp.(°F.) + 460 1 Abs. Temp. (°F.)Temp.(°F.) - 32 5/9 Temp. (°C.)Tons (long) 1016 KilogramsTons (long) 2240 PoundsTons (long) 1.12000 Tons (short)Tons (metric) 103 KilogramsTons (metric) 2205 PoundsTons (short) 2000 PoundsTons (short) 32,000 OuncesTons (short) 907.18486 KilogramsTons (short) 2430.56 Pounds (troy)Tons (short) 0.89287 Tons (long)Tons (short) 29166.66 Ounces (troy)Tons (short) 0.90718 Tons (metric)Watts 0.05692 B.T.U./min.Watts 1.341x10-3 HorsepowerWatts 0.01434 Kg.-calories/min.Watts 10-3 KilowattsWatt-hours 3.415 B.T.U.Watt-hours 1.341x10-3 Horsepower-hrs.Watt-hours 0.8605 Kilogram-caloriesWatt-hours 367.1 Kilogram-metersWatt-hours 10-3 Kilowatt-hoursYards 91.44 CentimetersYards 3 FeetYards 36 InchesYards 0.9144 Meters

By To obtainMultiplyBy To obtainMultiply

Remarks:-English Measures-are those used in the U.S.A., unless otherwise designated.-Properties of water - the calculations in the multipliers are based on water at39,2°F. in a Vacuum, Weighing 1000,08 grams/Cu.Cm. The water freezes at32°F (0°), and is at its maximum density at 39.2°F (4°C).

© Magotteaux 10.02


mgkggibozdram

m3dm3cm3cu ydcu ftcu in

m2dm2cm2sq ydsq ftsq in

UNITS CONVERSION

COMPARISON OF METRIC UNITS AND GB-USA UNITS

LENGHT UNITS

1 in 1 0,08333 0,02778 25,4 0,0254 -1 ft 12 1 0,3333 304,8 0,3048 -1 yd 36 3 1 914,4 0,9144 -1 mm 0,03937 3281.10-6 1094.10-6 1 0,001 10-6

1 m 39,37 3,281 1,094 1000 1 0,0011 km 39370 3281 1094 106 1000 1

SURFACE UNITS

1 sq in 1 6,944.10-3 0,772.10-3 6,452 0,06452 64,5.10-5

1 sq ft 144 1 0,1111 929 9,29 0,09291 sq yd 1296 9 1 8361 83,61 0,83611 cm2 0,155 1,076.10-3 1,197.10-3 1 0,01 0,00011 dm2 15,5 0,1076 0,01196 100 1 0,0011 m2 1550 10,76 1,196 10000 100 1

VOLUME UNITS

1 cu in 1 5,786.10-4 2,144.10-5 16,39 0,01639 1,64.10-5

1 cu ft 1728 1 0,037 28316 28,32 0,02831 cu yd 46656 27 1 764555 764,55 0,76461 cm3 0,06102 3532.10-8 1,31.10-6 1 0,001 10-6

1 dm3 61,02 0,03532 0,00131 1000 1 0,0011 m3 61023 35,32 1,307 106 1000 1

MASS UNITS

1 dram 1 0,0625 0,003906 1,772 0,00177 1,77.10-6

1 oz 16 1 0,0625 28,35 0,02832 28,3.10-6

1 ib 256 16 1 453,6 0,4531 4,53.10-4

1 g 0,5643 0,03527 0,002205 1 0,001 10-6

1 kg 564,3 35,27 2,205 1000 1 0,0011 mg 564,3.103 35270 2205 106 1000 1

kmmmmydftin

© Magotteaux 10.02

© Magotteaux 10.02

OTHER UNITS

1 Btu/cu ft 9,547 kcal/m3 39 964 Nm/m3

1 Btu/lb 0,556 kcal/kg 2 327 Nm/kg1 lb/sq ft 4,882 kgf/m2 47,8924 N/m2

1 lb/sq in (= 1 psi) 0,0703 kgf/cm2 0,6896 N/cm2

1 stone (GB) = 14 lb = 14 English Pounds 6,35 kg1 short quarter (USA) 11,34 kg1 long quarter (GB, USA) 12,70 kg1 short cwt (USA) = 4 short quarter 45,36 kg1 long cwt (GB, USA) = long quarter 50,80 kg1 short ton (USA) 0,9072 Mg1 long ton (GB, USA) 1,0160 Mg

1 Mil = 10-3 in 0,0254 mm1 sq mil = 10-6 sq in 645,2 µm2

1 statute mile (English mile) 1609 m1 international nautical mile 1852 m1 geographical mile 7420 m1 rod, pole or perch = 5,5 yd 5,092 m1 sq chain = 16 sq rods 404,7 m2

1 imperial gallon (English) 4,546 dm3

1 gallon USA 3,785 dm3

Btu/skcal/skWJ/s = Wkgf m/shp

BtukcalkW hJ = W skgf mft Ib

ENERGY & WORK UNITS

1 ft lb 1 0,1383 1,356 376,8.10-9 324.10-6 1,286.10-3

1 kgf m 7,233 1 9,807 2,725.10-6 2,344.10-3 9,301.10-3

1 J = W s 0,7376 0,102 1 277,8.10-9 239.10-6 948,4.10-6

1 kW h 2,655.106 367,1.103 3,6.106 1 860 34131 kcal 3,087.103 426,9 4187 1,163.10-3 1 3,9681 Btu 778,6 107,6 1055 293.10-6 0,252 1

POWER UNITS

1 hp 1 76,04 745,7 0,7457 0,1782 0,70731 kgf m/s 13,15.10-3 1 9,807 9,807.10-3 2,344.10-3 9,296.10-3

1 J/s = W 1,341.10-3 0,102 1 10-3 239.10-6 948,4.10-6

1 kW 1,341 102 1000 1 0,239 0,94841 kcal/s 5,614 426,9 4187 4,187 1 3,9681 Btu/s 1,415 107,6 1055 1,055 0,252 1


GRINDING MEDIA CHARACTERISTICS

125 7977 491 7 987120 7057 452 14 133115 6211 415 12 439110 5436 380 10 886 9 072105 4728 346 9 468 15 781100 4084 314 8 179 13 632 9 97595 3502 284 7 012 11 688 17 10590 2977 254 5 962 9 938 14 544 11 07785 2508 227 5 023 8 372 12 252 18 66480 2091 201 4 188 6 980 10 215 15 560 12 45275 1723 177 3 451 5 751 8 417 12 821 20 52070 1401 154 2 805 4 676 6 843 10 424 16 684 14 21565 1122 133 2 246 3 744 5 479 8 346 13 358 22 76260 882 113 1 767 2 945 4 309 6 564 10 506 17 903 16 55555 679 95 1 361 2 268 3 319 5 056 8 093 13 790 25 50350 511 79 1 022 1 704 2 494 3 799 6 080 10 361 19 161 19 81045 372 64 745 1 242 1 818 2 769 4 432 7 553 13 968 28 88340 261 50 523 872 1 277 1 945 3 113 5 305 9 810 20 285 24 63935 175 38 351 584 855 1 303 2 085 3 554 6 572 13 590 33 01330 110 28 221 368 539 821 1 313 2 238 4 139 8 558 20 789 32 53025 64 20 128 213 312 475 760 1 295 2 395 4 952 12 031 37 651 38 70020 33 13 65 109 160 243 389 663 1 226 2 536 6 160 19 277 39 62815 14 7 28 46 67 103 164 280 517 1 070 2 599 8 133 16 71810 4 3 8 14 20 30 49 83 153 317 770 2 410 4 954

Charge in metric tons (mt) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100Quantity of balls of each diameter 2 003 3 338 4 885 7 441 11 910 20 295 37 533 77 608 188 530 590 009 1 212 898Total surface calculated with 5 mm step 820 931 1 024 1 137 1 279 1 460 1 701 2 036 2 532 3 336 3 953Total surface calculated by integral (m2) 820 932 1 025 1 138 1 280 1 462 1 703 2 038 2 534 3 333 3 941

Composition and surface of MAGOTTEAUX ball charges at equilibriumCalculation made for 100 metric ton charges

Diameter(mm)

Weight(gr)

Surface(cm2)

125(kg)

110(kg)

100(kg)

90(kg)

80(kg)

70(kg)

60(kg)

50(kg)

40(kg)

30(kg)

25(kg)

5” 8,195.894 506.707 43.0694” 4,196.298 324.293 22.052 38.736

31/2” 2,811.192 248.287 14.773 25.950 42.3563” 1,770.313 182.415 9.303 16.342 26.673 46.272

21/2” 1,024.487 126.677 5.384 9.457 15.436 26.778 49.8412” 524.537 81.073 2.756 4.842 7.903 13.710 25.519 50.876

11/2” 221.289 45.604 1.163 2.043 3.334 5.784 10.766 21.463 43.69311/4” 128.061 31.669 0.673 1.182 1.929 3.347 6.230 12.421 25.285 44.9061” 65.567 20.268 0.344 0.605 0.988 1.714 3.190 6.359 12.946 22.992 41.732

7/8” 43.895 15.511 0.231 0.405 0.661 1.147 2.135 4.258 8.667 15.392 27.938 47.9473/4” 27.661 11.401 0.145 0.255 0.417 0.723 1.346 2.683 5.462 9.700 17.605 30.214 58.0465/8” 15.992 7.917 0.084 0.148 0.241 0.418 0.778 1.551 3.158 5.608 10.178 17.468 33.559 79.988±3/8” 4.001 3.142 0.021 0.037 0.060 0.105 0.195 0.388 0.790 1.403 2.547 4.370 8.396 20.012

Charge in metric tons (mt) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100Quantity of balls of each diameter 5,255 9,231 15,067 26,138 48,650 96,993 197,447 350,660 636,473 1,092,311 2,098,460 5,001,751Total surface calculated with existing ball diameter (m2) 843.41 1,013.80 1,166.13 1,374.01 1,669.97 2,100.72 2,675.64 3,152.71 3,706.70 4,147.61 4,713.14 5,531.44Total surface calculated by integral (m2) 823.06 1,028.40 1,174.84 1,374.68 1,641.43 2,045.94 2,707.98 3,222.51 3,961.06 4,460.33 5,081.29 5,865.57

Diameter(inch)

Weight(gr)

Surface(cm2)

5” to± 3/8”

4” to± 3/8”

31/2” to± 3/8”

3” to± 3/8”

21/2” to± 3/8”

2” to± 3/8”

11/2” to± 3/8”

11/4” to± 3/8”

1” to± 3/8”

7/8” to± 3/8”

3/4” to± 3/8”

5/8” to± 3/8”

© Magotteaux 10.02

© Magotteaux 10.02

Unit weight and specific surface of MAGOTTEAUX grinding media

BALLS

CYLPEBS

150.00 ±6” 13,503.892 706.858 74 5.231125.00 ±5” 7,814.752 490.874 128 6.283110.00 5,325.535 380.133 188 7.147100.00 ±4” 4,001.153 314.159 250 7.854

90.00 ±31/2” 2,916.841 254.469 343 8.72880.00 2,048.590 201.062 488 9.81277.00 ±3” 1,826.658 186.265 548 10.20770.00 1,372.396 153.938 729 11.22264.00 ±21/2” 1,048.878 128.680 954 12.27660.00 864.249 113.097 1,157 13.08550.00 ±2” 500.144 78.540 2,000 15.70840.00 256.074 50.265 3,905 19.62838.00 ±11/2” 219.551 45.365 4,555 20.66435.00 171.549 38.485 5,830 22.43731.75 =11/4” 128.061 31.669 7,809 24.73030.00 108.031 28.274 9,257 26.17325.00 ±1” 62.518 19.635 15,996 31.40823.00 48.682 16.619 20,542 34.13922.22 =7/8” 43.895 15.511 22,782 35.33720.00 ±3/4” 32.009 12.566 31,242 39.25917.00 ±5/8” 19.658 9.079 50,870 46.18515.00 13.504 7.069 74,052 52.34710.00 4.001 3.142 249,938 78.531

Surface(cm2)

Number of ballsper metric ton

Specificsurface (m2/mt)

Diametermm inch

Weight(gr)

43 x 43 565.00 90.16 1,770 15.96034 x 43 417.00 75.34 2,398 18.06635 x 40 328.00 64.87 3,049 19.77030 x 30 180.00 43.64 5,556 24.24628 x 28 149.00 38.05 6,711 25.53525 x 25 105.00 30.32 9,524 28.87722 x 22 74.00 23.62 13,514 31.92019 x 19 48.00 17.85 20,833 37.18716 x 16 27.00 12.56 37,037 46.51813 x 13 13.42 8.18 74,516 60.95410 x 15 8.40 7.14 119,048 85.00010 x 13 6.40 6.34 156,250 99.062

8 x 13 4.64 4.89 204,499 100.0008 x 10 3.23 3.93 309,598 121.672

Ball diameter (mm) = (P=weight in gr)

Specific surface of balls

of diameter =

(d=diameter in mm)

Charge density: mt/M3

Balls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.65Cylpebs . . . . . . . . . . .4.70Cubes . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.50Rods . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.20Ceramic Balls . . . . . . .2.05

Surface(cm2)

Number of cylpebsper metric ton


Diameterx Length (mm)

Weight(gr)

BOULPEBS

25 x 32 101 27.78 9,901 27.50522 x 28 65 21.37 15,385 32.87719 x 24 41 15.79 24,390 38.51216 x 20 26 11.06 38,462 42.53913 x 16 13 7.16 76,923 55.077

Surface(cm2)

Number of boulpebsper metric ton


Diameterx Length (mm)

Weight(gr)


d785 m2/mt

3250P

WATER SLURRY PROPERTIES

THOSE WORKING WITH WATER SLURRIES are interestedin the solids specific gravity (S), the percent solids byweight (W), the specific gravity of the slurry mixture (M),and the percent solids by volume (V). The relationships areshown on the nomograph here, prepared by F. Caplan, a

professional engineer, of Oakland, Calif. If any two propertiesare known, the other two are fixed. The nomograph gives arapid simultaneous solution to the equations. Example: Whatare M and V if S = 2.5 and W = 62.5%? Align the S and Wvalues and read M = 1.60 and V = 40%.

1,1

1,12

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

W =

wt.%

sol

ids

V =

solid

s, %

by

volu

me

S =

solid

s spe

cific

grav

ity

M =

slu

rry

mix

ture

S.G

.

10

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1,15

1,2

1,3

1,4

1,5

1,6

1,71,8

1,92

2,5

3

45

6

1,2

1,3

1,4

1,5

1,6

1,7

1,8

1,9

2

( )100

EQUATIONS:

Water slurry propertiesF. Caplan, P.E., Oakland, Calif.

M = = =(100-W)+

+

+

(100-V)

(100-W)

(100-W)W

( )(100-W)W

WS

1S

1

© Magotteaux 10.02

© Magotteaux 10.02

SLURRIES SPECIFIC GRAVITYCalculation of the pulp density:

( )% water

1 - % water+1

+1

spec. gravity

% water

1 - % water

= gr/l

% Solids by Weight 1.4 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.8 4.2 5.0

5 1.02 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04

10 1.03 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.09

15 1.05 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.13 1.14

20 1.06 1.12 1.14 1.14 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19

25 1.08 1.16 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.23 1.24 1.25

30 1.09 1.20 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.30 1.32

35 1.11 1.24 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.32 1.33 1.35 1.36 1.39

40 1.13 1.28 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.36 1.38 1.39 1.42 1.44 1.47

45 1.15 1.33 1.38 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.45 1.47 1.50 1.52 1.56

50 1.17 1.38 1.44 1.46 1.47 1.49 1.50 1.52 1.55 1.58 1.62 1.67

55 1.19 1.43 1.51 1.53 1.55 1.57 1.58 1.61 1.63 1.68 1.73 1.79

60 1.21 1.49 1.59 1.61 1.63 1.65 1.67 1.70 1.74 1.79 1.84 1.92

65 1.23 1.55 1.67 1.70 1.72 1.74 1.76 1.81 1.85 1.92 1.99 2.08

70 1.25 1.62 1.76 1.79 1.82 1.85 1.88 1.93 1.98 2.07 2.14 2.27

WATERSOLID RATIO

SPECIFY GRAVITY OF PULP

SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF THE DRY SOLIDS IN THE PULP


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Basics in Mineral Processing-general