Basic Unix Commands Final

8/2/2019 Basic Unix Commands Final

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Ex.No : BASIC UNIX COMMANDS

Date :

AIM:

To execute and implement the basic Shell UNIX commands.

DIRECTORY HANDLING COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]# mkdir arun //Creates a directory named arun

2.[root@localhost root]# cd arun //Enters into the directory arun

Example:

[root@localhost root]$ cd arun

[root@localhost arun]$

3.[root@localhost arun]# cd //Comes out of the directory arun[root@localhost root]

Example:

[root@localhost root]$ cd arun

[root@localhost arun]$ cd

[root@localhost root]$

4.[root@localhost root]# pwd //Shows the present working directory

Example:

[root@localhost root]$ pwd

/home/root

5.[root@localhost root]#rmdir arun //Used to remove directory arun

6.[root@localhost root]# ls //Shows the list of files & directories

Example:

[root@localhost root$ls

cse

it

ec

eee

mech

civil


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FILE HANDLING COMMANDS.

1.[root@localhost root]# cat > tksct //Creates a New file tksct

I studying B.E CSE.

2.[root@localhost root]# cat tksct //Opens the created file tksct"

I studying B.E CSE.

3.[root@localhost root]# cat >> tksct //Appends the details in the file tksct

I'm studying in Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology.

4.[root@localhost root]# cat tksct

I studying B.E CSE.


5.[root@localhost root]$ cp data1 data2 //To create duplicate copies

[root@localhost root]$ cat data1

ab

c

d


a

b

c

d

6.[root@localhost root]# rm data1 //Removes the file data1

rm: remove regular file `data1'? y

7. (i) [root@localhost root]# wc tksct //Shows the no. of lines, words & characters.

2 10 65 tksct

(ii) [root@localhost root]# wc -l tksct //Shows the no. of lines alone.

2 tksct

(iii) [root@localhost root]# wc -w tksct //Shows the no. of words alone.

10 tksct

(iv) [root@localhost root]# wc -c tksct //Shows the no. of characters alone.

65 tksct

8. [root@localhost root]$ mv data1 data5 //to move ordinary and directory files[root@localhost root]$ cat data5

a

b

c

d


cat: data1: No such file or directory


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9.[root@localhost root]$ find data5 //To find a file

data5

PATTERN SEARCHING COMMANDS.

1.[root@localhost root]# grep m program //Prints the sentence with the letter m

My Name is sachin


2.[root@localhost root]$ egrep "are|College" department // to search for the multiple pattern

we belong to Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology.

we are of cse students.

3.[root@localhost root]$ fgrep "stands for" student //to extract only the fixed string

CSE stands for Computer Science and Engineering.

GENERAL PURPOSE COMMANDS.

SIMPLE COMMANDS.

1.[root@localhost root]# cal //Prints the calendar if the present month

March 2006

Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 2526 27 28 29 30 31

2.[root@localhost root]# date //Prints the current time.

Thu Mar 9 19:26:27 IST 2006

3.[root@localhost root$ man clear // Opens manual on clear

NAME

clear - clear the terminal screen

SYNOPSISclear

DESCRIPTION

clear clears your screen if this is possible. It looks in the environment for the

terminal type and then in the terminfo database to figure out how to clear the screen.

clear ignores any command-line parameters that may be present.


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4.[root@localhost root]# bc //Open the Binary Calculator

bc 1.06

Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This isfree software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.

For details type `warranty'.

10 * 20

200

STATUS INFORMATION COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]$ who //to Display the list of users who are all currently logged into the system.

cse pts/4 Feb 23 23:56 (10.0.0.135)

cse pts/17 Feb 24 00:05 (10.0.0.221)

cse pts/10 Feb 24 00:09 (10.0.0.15)

cse pts/13 Feb 24 00:13 (10.0.0.180)

cse pts/1 Feb 24 00:14 (10.0.0.49)

cse pts/24 Feb 24 00:14 (10.0.0.6)

cse pts/3 Feb 24 00:17 (10.0.0.36)cse pts/30 Feb 24 00:19 (10.0.0.137)

2.[root@localhost root]# who am I //To displaysthe current user namecse pts/3 Feb 24 00:17 (10.0.0.36)

3.[root@localhost root]$ tty //It will retun the pathname with your terminal

/dev/pts/3

4.[root@localhost root]$ id //To Display the Numerical value that corresponda to you loginname.

uid=502(student) gid=502(cse) groups=502(root)

5.[root@localhost root]$ finger student // Gives you more Information about the User.

Login: student Name: (null)

Directory: /home/student Shell: /bin/bash

On since Thu Apr 19 09:38 (IST) on :0 (messages off)

On since Thu Apr 19 09:47 (IST) on pts/1 from :0.0

No mail.

No Plan.

COMMUNICATION COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]# wall Hai // To send message hai to all users there who arecurrently logged in.

Hai

2.[root@localhost root]$ mail cse // To send the textual messages from one user to another.

Subject: Hai.How are you.

All the best for your exams.

Have a nice day.


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3.[root@localhost cse$ mail // Read your mail

Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/ece": 1 messages 1 new

a) >N 1 [email protected] Tue Feb 23 23:06 18/720 "Hai."&

Message 1:

From [email protected] Tue Feb 23 23:06:23 2010

Date: Tue, 23 Feb 2010 23:06:22 +0530

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Hai.

How are you.Have you prepared for your exams.

ALL THE BEST FOR YOUR EXAMS.

Have a nice day.

b) & reply //To send the reply to the specified user

To: [email protected] [email protected]

Subject: Re: Hai.

ThanksCc: & ece

Unknown command: "ece"c)& exit //Exit from the mail

d)&type //Print the mail message

e)&delete //Delete from the mail box

INPUT AND OUTPUT REDIRECTION COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]$ date > a1

[root@localhost root]$ cat a1

Tue Feb 23 22:59:03 IST

2.[root@localhost root$< //To redirect the output of a command to a file.[ece@localhost ece]$ cat < department

CSE

EEE

SECURITY COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]$ ls -l // To list files & Directories in long format

total 3

-rw-rw-r-- 1 ece ece 30 Feb 9 23:47 lop

-rwx------ 1 ece ece 30 Feb 9 23:43 pal

-rw-rw-r-- 1 ece ece 65 Feb 23 23:16 science

2. [root@localhost root]$ chmod -u science //(-) denotes removing the permission

(u)denotes the user acess

[root@localhost root]$ ls -l

total 3



---------- 1 ece ece 65 Feb 23 23:16 science //showsMissing Permissions


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[root@server1 root]$ cat science

cat: science : Permission denied

3.[root@localhost root]$ chmod u+r,u+w science // (+)denotes assigningPermissions

(w) denotes writing permissions

(r)denotes reading permissions

[root@localhost root]$ ls -l

total 3



-rw------- 1 ece ece 65 Feb 23 23:16 science //the user now has reading writing permission

4.[root@server1 root]$ cat science

hi ! how r u ?

WILD CARD COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]$ ls m* //To representing any number of characters used in theprefix or suffix.[root@localhost root]$ ls

kanna mvj mvs student vikram

[root@localhost root]$ ls m*

mvj mvs

PIPES AND FILTERS COMMANDS

1.[root@localhost root]# more //To Displays the output page by page

[root@localhost root]$ ls | more

program1

program2program3

program4

program5

program6

program7

program8

program9

program10

program11

program12

program13program14

program15

program16

program17

program18

program19

--More-- //Press Enter to see the next page.


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2.[root@localhost root]# tr // It is used to translate characters taken from the standard input.

[root@localhost root]$ cat dept

cse

ece

eee

it

mech

[root@localhost root]$ cat dept|tr "[a-z]" "[A-Z]"

CSE

ECE

EEE

IT

MECH

[root@localhost root]$ cat sachin

arun

bala

cibidavid

elango

franklin

ganesh

harish

jegan

kalidos

lalprasanth

mahesh

nataraj

[root@localhost root]$ cat tendulkaryuvaraj

zaheer

3.[root@localhost root]$ head -5 sachin //To Display the First Five lines

arun

bala

cibi

david

elango

4.[root@localhost root]$ tail -5 sachin // To Display the Last Five linesjegan

kalidos

lalprasanth

mahesh

nataraj


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5.[root@localhost root]# sort sachin // Sorts in ascending order

arun

bala

cibi

david

elango

franklin

ganesh

harish

jegan

lalprasanth

mahesh

nataraj

6.[root@localhost root]# sort -r sachin //Sorts in descending order

nataraj

mahesh

lalprasanth

kalidosjegan

harish

ganesh

franklin

elango

david

cibi

bala

arun

7.[root@localhost root]# cut //To cut the selected fields.[root@localhost root]$ cut -c2 sachin

r

a

i

a

l

r

a

a

e

aa

a

a


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8.[root@localhost root]# paste //To paste the contenet from one to another file.

[root@localhost root]paste sachin tendulkar

arun yuvaraj

bala zaheer

cibi

david

elango

franklin

ganesh

harish

jegan

kalidos

lalprasanth

mahesh

nataraj

RESULT:

Thus the Basic Shell Commands were executed

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Basic Unix Commands Final