Safety officer Responsibilities

1. Visit the job site check condition of work and practices of people.

2. Inspection of PPE.(Personal Protect Equipment )

3. Check safe work plan and work permit.

4. Check that only qualified employees assign for the task.

5. Attend toolbox meeting.

6. Inspection of color code system.

7. Inspection of power tools, hand tools and fire extinguishers.

8. Gas tasting in confine space. Confirm with authorized person.

9. Report any incident /accident immediately to the safety manager.

10. Provide awareness about safety among employees.

11. Prepare daily safety report.

12. Check of fire extinguishers and grounding of machine connection specially working under overhead lines and in the vicinity of substation.

13. Perform safety hazard inspection of construction work, lay down and living area, to ensure their complaints with project safety and fire manuals etc.

14. Daily safety inspection of site to identify the hazards, unsafe conditions and acts.

What is Safety ? 1

No incidental and no accidental policy are called safety. Safety is the common sense look, think, and done. Safety means to protect employees, equipments and environment.

Purpose : Purpose is to control all unsafe acts physical and mechanical Conditions which are the causes almost accidents.

SAFETY PROCEDURE: Procedure is a written instruction of top management regarding the tasks which are deal rules, regulation and limitation for all safe method.

Different between unsafe conditions and unsafe behavior

UNSAFE CONDITIONSAny work is in progress with discrepancy. Safety requirement are not completedExample: A temporary plate form has no access and workers climbing on pipes.

UNSAFE BEHAVIOR Unsafe behavior of any person during the job site.Example: A person worn the harness on elevated platform but Do not tie off harness.

What is risk assessment?Risk assessment: - the probability of an incident and consequences if happened incident. Calculate the risk and evaluate the control measure.

How make risk assessment!

S.NO Wrong Cause Prevention Contingency

Answer: (1) What can go wrong? (2) What can cause it to go wrong? (3) What can be done to prevent it to go wrong? (4) What can be done to minimize the negative consequences if it does go wrong?

2

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)Stepwise identification of hazards related to job and precautionary measure to Be taken is called Job safety analysis.

For example:

Job Activity Related Hazards Precautions

Height Falling

Safe working plate form + Railing + Safe access + Toe board.

Full body harness.

CONFINED SPACE. Any area that are not normally occupied by peoples, having limited means of entry and which could be subject to hazards of oxygen deficiency or the accumulation, toxic or flammable gases.

Example: (1) Tanks (2) Reactors (3) Pipelines (4) Vessels (5) Boilers (6) Columns(7) Deep excavations more than 1.2 meter in depth (8) Manholes etc.

Confine Space Safety requirements.

Confine space entry permit Stand by man ( In Out name, sign and time) Pressure horn Ventilation Life line Communication Dust mask Keep all equipments are out of space Only tools mentioned on permit may enter. Toxic material TLV (Threshold Limit Value) should not exceed Electric supply: not more than 50 volts AC 110 volts DC maximum. Lights are only 24 watts Welding gas cylinders are not permitted inside the confined space During entry install sign board (“PHYSICAL ENTRY IN PROGRESS

PERSONNAL WORKING INSIDE CONFINED SPACE.”) After completion of work or invalidity of permit install NO ENTRY. Sign board

Gas testing O2 (Oxygen) > 19.5% & < 23.5% volume

LEL (Lower explosion limit) = 0% H2s (Hydrogen sulphide) =< 10 ppm Co (carbon monoxide) = 0%

3

FIREFire is the combination of three substances Oxygen (O2), Fuel and Temperature

CAUSE OF FIRE ; 1. Spark (Electrical) 2.Source of ignition 3. Static electricity 4.Friction 5. Smoking 6.Reaction of chemicals 7.Poor housekeeping 8. Poor maintenance of equipment

Type of fire Class A - Combustible fire (trash, paper, wood, plastic) Class B-flammable fire Oil, liquid and gases fire. Class C- Electrical fire. Class D-Metal fire (Reaction of chemicals)

For example Phosphorus and oxygen combination makes fire. Sodium and water combination make fire. Potassium and water combination make fire. Magnesium and water combination make fire.

FIRE CONTROL METHODS

Cooling Smothering Starving

FIRE EXTINGUISHER TYPES

4

1. Pressurized Water Extinguishers are used for Class A fires only. 2. Foam type, used for Class B-flammable fire Oil, liquid and gases fire.3. Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) Extinguishers are used for class B & C fires.

4. Multipurpose Dry Chemical Extinguishers are used in Class A, B or C fires.

5. Combustible Metal Extinguishers are used in Class D fires only

Actions in case of plant emergency

Stop work immediately. Ask workers inside confined space to come out. Make sure all workers have evacuated. Take people to muster point

WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU DISCOVER A FIRE REACT

Remove persons in immediate danger. Ensure doors are closed! (confine fire/smoke) Activate the building alarm. Call the Fire Department.

Treat All fires as DANGEROUS,

a) Raise the Alarm or shout ‘FIRE’.b) Try to tackle if it is safec) Close doors & windows if possibled) Switch off all the electrical equipmentse) Evacuate at the nearest exit pointf) Do not use liftsg) Assemble at the muster pointsh) Enter after getting clear instructions from fire service.

FIGHT OR FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Use the fire Extinguisher only if,1. Building is being evacuated.2. Fire Department is being called.3. Fire is small & contained.4. Exit is clear.5. You can stay low & avoid smoke.6. Proper extinguisher is at hand.

5

WELDING

Hot work permit Welding machine area barricaded and must be ground Fire extinguisher class (ABC) Fire watchman with pressure horn. Fire blanket (fire proof blanket) Negative electrodes near the welding area Welding shield with proper screen glass Check color code Welder must be certified Check inspection sticker on welding machine. Proper PPE for welding such as leather gloves, long sleeves and face shield with

lens glass. All flexible cables holder and other concern equipment to be Currently inspected

AccidentAn event which occurs with damage to property / make injury orLost time is called Accident.

Incident An event which occurs without damage to property/no injury/no lost time is called near miss or incident.

Q) What is color code system?A) Color code shows the condition of an item for example tested, approved etc.

Q) What is the purpose of conducting incident/accident investigation? A) To find the real root cause and to establish preventive measure to prevent Re-occurrence of accident/incident.

EXCAVATION

Technical inspection (From mechanical and electrical department to identify all underground facilities.

Excavation work permit (Deep more than 1.2 meter excavation required Confine space entry permit gas testing and entry attendant.)

Barricade around the excavation area 1.5 meter away from the edge of excavation. Install sign boards “Deep excavation” “Danger” If slope is not feasible install shoring system In the case of water existing de – watering system should be installed. Keep spoil material 1 meter away from the edge of excavation.

6

Make slope according the soil type: Class A soil 53°

Class B soil 45° Class C soil 34°

Deference between Trench and Excavation.

Trench: Depth greater than width. Excavation: Width greater than depth.

1. Sloping and Benching System –Sloping System

Maximum allowable slopes for excavation less than 20 feet (6.09)m

Slop Type Slop Slop AngleStable Rock Vertical 90 °

Type A ¾:1 53 °

Type B 1:1 45 °

Type C 1 ½:1 34 °

Q; What is trench?A:A narrow excavation where the depth is greater than width .

Q:What is shoring ?A:A structure that sport the site of an excavation and protect against cave –ins.

7

CRANE LIFTING (Distance from overhead power line)

Crane lifting permit Client inspection sticker Operator license from Saudi Arabia and 3rd party

certification. Qualified rigger Crane & boom movement area free and barricaded Out rigger fully extended and must be on pad. Check the ground level and stability. Check the SWL = (safe load working plan). Never lift load beyond rated capacity of crane. Check slings / wires/shackles and belts. Not allowed to enter under the suspended load. Tag lines restrict swinging of load. Never place under the overhead power lines.

For line rated over 50kv .,Minimum clearance

Between the line and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet plus 0.4 inch for each 1 kv .Over 50 kv ., or twice the length of the line insulator, But never

less than 10 feet.

CRANE SAFETY

Before starting, conduct a pre-use inspection and fill up the checklist Ensure crane windows are clear Check all round visibility for possible hazards or

obstructions Mobile Crane outriggers must be fully extended and properly padded/matted. Cranes must be set-up on solid or stable ground and at a safe distance from

excavations. Crane operation shall not be started unless swing radius is properly barricaded and

warning signs posted. Make sure any load to be lifted is within the safe working load of the crane or its

accessories. DO NOT OVERLOAD THE CRANE. Ensure that slings and other rigging accessories being used for lifting are properly

color-coded.

8

Electric power line in KV

Feet

Meters

50kv 10 350kv to 200kv

15 4.6

200kv to350kv

20 6.1

350kv to500kv

25 7.6

500kv to750kv

35 10.7

Work only on the signal of an authorized rigger/slinger, or, where he cannot be seen, the signaler

Loads must be correctly slung and straight lifted. Loads must always be tested and known before lifting. Also test for level

slinging. Loads must not be passed over the head of workers. Loads must not be snatch lifted or dropped freely. Man baskets must not be lowered in free fall. Horns must be sounded before lifting or swinging. Area of swing must be checked before swinging. Do not lift or stop lifting when wind speed id 32 KPH or more. Do not allow anybody to ride on the load. Loads must not be left suspended to the hook.

WORK PERMITS

Cold work permit:

Erecting and removing scaffolding Painting LubricatingCarpentry workRebar and form work

Hot work permit:

Welding, cutting, grinding, drillingUse electric power tools Use of welding machine, generators Vehicle entry permits etc.

Electrical work permit. For work on live lines . Energize Electrical panels. Cable terminations.For maintenance and repairing on live lines.

Confine space entry permit.

Radiation work permit.

9

Excavation work permit.

Road close permit

Radiography or NDT (Non Destructive Test.)

Q. what is Radiography? A. 1. Radiography is testing of x-ray welding for metal welded joints.

to deduct the effect in the metal use gamma rays and x-ray it’s called radiography.

Third party shall be done this activity which is certified from (Saudi technical institute)

Radiation work permit required. Film badges must be available. Dosimeter & survey meter are available and calibration date valid. Area cleans from unauthorized personal. Barriers, sign boards and amber flashing lights are installed. No leaks from the source containers. Out of barriers source is less than two Millirem. Safety watchman should be assigned. Proper lighting system shall be installed if conducting in the night. Use special barricading by 3rd party. Barriers and warning sign shall be established at the 2mr/hr (millirem) boundary

for safe operation and storage.

.

.

What is the unit for measuring radiation?Micro siverts unit.

10

SCAFFOLDING

Q. What is scaffolding?A. Scaffolding is a temporary structure platform on elevated area where provide safe access to employees and facilities controlled storage of material and equipments.

Scaffolding:- Ground level, Sole board ,Base plate ,Ledger or runner (pipe)Post or stander (pipe) ,Intermediate Transom ,Plate form fully covered by woodsMid – rail ,Top – rail ,Toe board ,Access ladderBrace pipe = (cross brace, zigzag brace, plan brace, longitudinal bracing )

Plank. LVL=Laminated veneer lumber

Kind of scaffolding 9"

1. System scaffolding 2. Suspended scaffolding 1 ½”

3. Mobile scaffolding 4. Bracket scaffolding Tube wall thickness 5. Tower scaffolding =3.2MM

Dia = 1 ½”

Component of scaffolding: Sole boards, base plates, posts, ledgerRight angle or double couplers, end to end couplers, Adjustable couplers, Girder coupler , single coupler.Trapeze tube (install at the bottom portion of the hanger tube approximately 2feet beneath the runner. It is used in erection modification and dismantling of an under hung scaffold. it also serves as a secondary sport if the runner slips.Top rail capacity =200pound / 90kg , Mid rail Capacity=100KG

11

12

Abbreviations & Explanations HSE Health Safety environments HSSE Health Safety and Security environments SWP Safe work plan SWL Safe work load ASTM American standard testing material NFPA National fire protection associate OSHA Occupational safety health administration JSA Job safety analysis SCBA Self contain breathing apparatus SCAR Safety corrective action report LPHRC Loss prevention hazard recognition CHB Chemical hazard bulletins JHA Job hazard analysis HAZOP Hazard and operability report GFCI Ground fault circuit interrupter SAG Saudi Arab government LMI Load movement indicator CPR Cardio pulmonary resuscitation SWA Safe work authorization LTI Loss time incident LTA Loss time accident SMS Safety method state STA Safety task assignment HIP Hazard identification plan CSM Construction safety manual PEAR People environment asset reputation ASSE American society of safety engineers CSB Chemical safety and hazard investigation board DOE Department of energy DOL Department of labors EPA Environment protection agency MSHA Mine safety and health administration NIOSH National institute for occupational safety and health administration MSDS Material safety data sheet ANSI American national standard institute NDT Non destructive test (Radiography) RPM Rotation per minute

13