Baseline Study for the Title II Development FoodAssistance Programs in Niger
Contract #: AID-OAA-M-12-00009
January 24, 2014
This publication was produced at the request of the U.S. Agency for International Development, Office of Food for
Peace. It was prepared independently by ICF International, Inc.
Baseline Study for the Title II Development Food Assistance Programs in NigerJanuary 24, 2014
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The Baseline Study of Title II development food assistance programs in Niger was implemented by ICF International and its subcontractor, A.C. Nielsen, from January through June 2013. This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the support of the Office of Food for Peace (FFP) of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the responsibility of ICF and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government.
Information about Title II emergency and development food assistance programs may be obtained from USAIDs Office of Food for Peace at: http://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/agriculture-and-food-security/food-assistance.
http://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/agriculture-and-food-security/food-assistance
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Contents List of Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................... vi
Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... vii
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Methodology ............................................................................................................................................. 2
2.1 Methods for Population-based Household Survey ........................................................................... 2
A. Study Design and Objectives..................................................................................................... 2
B. Sample Design ........................................................................................................................... 2
C. Questionnaire............................................................................................................................. 4
D. Field Procedures ........................................................................................................................ 5
E. Data Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 8
2.2 Methods for Qualitative Study ......................................................................................................... 9
A. Study Design and Objectives..................................................................................................... 9
B. Study Sample ........................................................................................................................... 10
C. Instruments .............................................................................................................................. 12
D. Data Collection ........................................................................................................................ 13
E. Data Preparation, Coding, and Analysis .................................................................................. 14
2.3 Study Limitations and Issues Encountered .................................................................................... 14
3. Overview of the Food Security Situation in Niger.................................................................................. 16
4. Findings .................................................................................................................................................. 18
4.1 Characteristics of the Study Population ......................................................................................... 18
A. Migration: Sources of Income and Coping Strategy ............................................................... 20
B. Role of Gender ........................................................................................................................ 22
4.2 Household Indicators ..................................................................................................................... 22
A. Household Hunger Scale (HHS) ............................................................................................. 22
B. Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) .......................................................................... 26
C. Household Poverty Levels ....................................................................................................... 28
D. Household Sanitation Practices ............................................................................................... 31
4.3 Agricultural Indicators ................................................................................................................... 34
A. Types of Agricultural Development ........................................................................................ 37
B. Roles, Responsibilities, and Decision Making in Agriculture and Pastoral Work .................. 38
C. Agriculture as a Livelihood ..................................................................................................... 38
4.4 Womens Health and Nutritional Status ........................................................................................ 39
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A. General Health Issues in the Community ................................................................................ 39
B. Access and Use of Health Care Services ................................................................................. 39
C. Womens Health and Nutrition ............................................................................................... 40
D. Decision Making Around Antenatal Care and Delivery ......................................................... 42
4.5 Childrens Health and Nutritional Status ....................................................................................... 43
A. Stunting and Underweight ....................................................................................................... 43
B. Diarrhea and ORT ................................................................................................................... 47
C. Childhood Illnesses ................................................................................................................. 48
D. Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) ......................................................................................... 48
E. Breastfeeding ........................................................................................................................... 50
5. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 52
5.1 Household Hunger ......................................................................................................................... 52
5.2 Household Dietary Diversity ......................................................................................................... 52
5.3 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................... 52
5.3 Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene ..................................................................................................... 53
5.4 Agriculture ..................................................................................................................................... 53
5.5 Womens Health and Nutrition ...................................................................................................... 54
5.6 Childrens Health and Nutrition ..................................................................................................... 54
Annexes 1 Sampling Plan for Title II Baseline Surveys
2a Household Survey Questionnaire in French
2b Household Survey Questionnaire Back-translated to English
3 Indicator Definitions
4 Methods for Poverty Indicators
5 Qualitative Study Sampled Communities
6a Qualitative Study Instruments in English
6b Qualitative Study Instruments in French
7 Tabular Summary of Indicators
8 Multivariate Model Results
9 Bivariate Analysis Results
10 Title II Baseline Study Statement of Work
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List of Tables Table 2.1 Sampled Communities and Households for Each Title II Program ......................................... 4 Table 4.1a Total Population in the Title II Survey Area by Program Area ............................................. 19 Table 4.1b Household Characteristics by Program Area ......................................................................... 19 Table 4.2a Food for Peace Indicators Household Hunger Score (HHS) .....................................
