BO CO THC TPCng ty: Cng ty TNHH in t Vin thng i DngNgi hng dn:Ng!yn "inh #!$%i&' (i)n hng dn:T*+n T,n Nh-n.inh (i)n :/) T,n Th0nh/1 :D22C#VT324N"..V:N225232367TngquanMch khuch cng sut su cao tn 1 trong nhng mch c bn v quan trong trong h thong truyen tn su cao tn, v hu sut cao, t s dng, chon oc tn so, tn dung ngung kh nang cung cp cng sut cua phn tu tch cuc(dng v p) cng sut ra cua mch c the t mW n MW . MUC LUCGIOI THIEU CONG TY VA MUC CH THUC TAP1.GIOI THIEU KHAI NIEM TONG OUAN VE SIEU CAO TN1.1 KHAI NIEM1.2 LCH SU1.3 NG DUNG2.PHAN TCH MACH KHUECH AI SIEU CAO TN2.1 MO HINH MACH KHUECH AI2.2 .1 LY THUYET MACH KHUECH AI2.2.1.1KHUECH AI CHE O C2.2.1.2PHUONG PHAP TNH TOAN TN KHUECH AI2.3 NHAN TN2.4 OI TN2.5 TRUNG TN2.5.1 KHUECH AI TRUNG TN2.5.2 LUA CHON TN SO TRUNG TN2.6 NHIU VA KHUECH AI NHIU THAP3.BO KHUECH AI SIEU CAO TN TRONG HE THONG THONG TIN DI ONG NSN FLEXI WCDMA3.1 GIOI THIEU HE THONG THONG TIN DI ONG WCDMA3.2 CAU TRC MACH KHUECH AI3.3 KIM TRA HOAT ONG CUA MACH KHUECH AIMUC LUC HINHHnh1 :mng 2 cua v nguon v tHnh 2:mch khuch n gnHnh 3:m hnh tn c bnHnh 4 : u no FSMD v FRGFHnh 5:cch u no v my tnh v my o(cng sut v ph)Hnh 6 :thng so my o cho 1 knh ac trungHnh 7:cc u no PA trong FRGFHnh 8:mch cu the cua 1 PAHnh 9 :ap at th nghmHnh 1 :thng so my pht tn huHnh 11 :thng so my o phG thuCng ty TNHH vn thng Dung mt trong nhng cng ty chuyn mua bn cc tht b n quan n vn thng cngnhu sua cha.v c s h tng tung o tot vtnh thn m vc cao, cng ty ang pht tren hung n vc sua cha chuynnghp cho cc nh mng t Vt NamMuc ch cua k thuc tp ny nam uc cc cu trc, nguyn hot ng , ng dung cua cc mch su cao tncng nhu cngcu tht k ph bn nht hn nay e tht k mch su cao tn phnmem AWR.v do hn hp ve th gan v chua c trahcs nhm cua bn thn ngu m e t, t ch thuc hn n dung mch khuch a cng sut su cao tn.Trong qu trnh thuc tp 2 thng cng ty, v su ch dn cua ngu hung dn, trung phng Nguyn Mnh Ou v go vn hung dn Nguyn Tn Nhn ,t nam uc nheu kn thc qu bu.n cm nCHUONG 1 : TONG OUAN SIEU CAO TN 1. KHAI NIEM: Kh nm su cao tn uc heu ty tho trung ph hoac quoc ga, c thet 3 MH 3 GH (1)hoac 3MH 3 GH (2),, hoac 1 GH 3 GH (3)Cc d tn soAM pht thanh 535 165 kHL band1 2 GH V tuyn sng ngan 3 3 MHS band2 4 GH Pht thanh FM 88 18 MH C band4 8 GH VHF TV (2 4) 54 72 MH X band8 12 GH VHF TV (5 6) 76 88 MH Ku band12 18 GH UHF TV (7 13) 174 216 MH K band18 26 GH UHF TV (14 83) 47 894 MH Ka band26 4 GH L v ba 2.45 GH U band4 6 GH V tn so cao d mcroavs nn thuyt mch c s khngcn hu uc, do pha cua p dng thay ng ke trongcc phn tu(cc phntu phnbo). Thng sotp trung: cc ung ac tnh n ut hn hoac ton t mt v tr c nh no cua mch n. Thng so tptrunguc beu dn bmt phn tu n tung ng (phn tu tp trung Lumpd crcut mnt), c the c nh hoac o c truc tp (chng hn R, C, L, nguon p, nguon dng). Thng so phn bo: (dstrbutd mnt) cua mch n cc ung ac tnh n khng ton t duy nht mt vtr co nh trong mch n m uc r eu trn cheu d cua mch. Thng so phn bo thung uc dngtrong nh vuc SCT, trong cc h thongtruyen sng (ungdytruyensng, ongdn sng, khnggan tudo) Thng sophn bo khng c nh bng cch o c truc tp. Trong nh vuc SCT, kh so snh ucv kch thuccua mch th ph t cu trc cua mch nhu mt h phn bo. ong th kh t h phn bo, nu ch t mt phn mch n c kch thuc th c thethay tung ungphn mch n ny bng mt mch n c thng so tp trung e n gn ha bton. 2.LCH SU VA NG DUNG: Lnh vuc SCT uc co nhu mt chuyn ngnh cs, c nen mng uc pht tren trn 1 nam v ac bt pht tren mnh do cc ng dung trong radar. Su pht tren cua k thut SCT gan en v nhng thnh tuu trong nh vuc cc nh kn hgh rquncy sod stat dvcs, cc mchtch hp SCT v cc v h hn . Ma (1873) trungn t Havsd (1885 1887) thuyt ong dn sng Hnrch Hrt (1887 1891) th nghm ong dn sng Radaton Laboratory MassachusttsInttut o Tch. (MIT) 3.NG DUNG ng dung: Antn c cao Thng tn bang rng (dung ung n), chng hn rng bang 1% cua tn so6 MH 6 MH ( rng cua mt knh TV n e), 1% 6GH 6 MH (cha uc 1 knh TV). y tu chun quan trong v cc d tn c thesudung ngy cng t . Thng tn vtnh v dung ung n do sng SCT khng b be cong b tng on Lnh vuc radar v dn tch phn hu dung cua muc tu t vkch thucn cua muctu v kthp v cao cua angtn trong d SCT. Cc cng hungphn tu, nguyn tu, ht nhn y ra vng tn soSCT do k thutSCT uc sudung trong cc nh vuc khoa hoc cbn, cm bn t a, chn tr y hoc v nht hoc. Cc nh vuc ng dung chnh hn nay raar v cc h thongthngtn: Tm km, nh vmuc tu cho cc hthong eu khen gao thng, d tm hoa ten, cc hthong trnh va chm|, dubo th tt Cc hthong thng tn: Long hau tphon, data and TV transmssons; rss tcom. NhuDBS: Drct Broadcast Satt tvson; PCSs: Prsona communcatons systms; WLANS: rss oca ara computr ntorks; CV: cuar vdo systms; GPS: Goba postonng satt systms, hot ng trong d tn t1.5 n 94 GH.CHUONG 2: MACH KHUECH AI SIEU CAO TN2.1 MO HINH MACH KHUECH AIHnh1 :mng 2 cua v nguon v tV 2.2 LY THUYET MACH KHUECH AI2.2.1 PHAN TCH MACH KHUECH AI CONG SUAT CAO TN2.2.1.1 KHUECH AI CHE O C:Mch KCSCT nm ng ra my pht thoa cc yu cu sau: hu sut cao, t s dng, chon oc tn so, tn dung t ngung kh nang cung cp cng sut cua phn tu tch cuc (dng v p). Cng sut ra c the t mW t MW tuy tho muc ch su dung.Hnh 2:mch khuch n gnnh ngha: gc cat mt nua khong th gan dng coctor ton t trong mt chu ky tn hu. Trong KCSCT ch Cmch uc phn cuc sao cho gc cat 9 (ch A c = 18 ; ch B c = 9 )Cng sut nguon cung cp Cng sut ra cua dng h c bn: Trong : VC1 = IC1.Rq bn n p oay cheu h 1 coctor. Rq tr khng ra cua B|T tho h 1 ch ang t. Cng sut tu tn trn coctor: Ptt = P P1 Hu sut tngkhuch :2.2.1.2PHUONG PHAP TNH TOAN TN KHUECH AI: Cho tn so m vc, cng sut trn t antn Chon nh kn V cc thng so Chon phn cucmch thch hp Tnh ton cc thng so nang ung P , P1 , 1 , Ptu tn , P Tnh mch pho hp tr khng vo ra Cng sut kch P v tr khng vo Z thng so tnh nguc tn truc cuo2.3 NHAN TNMt dng ac bt cua khuych ch C nhn tn so. Tphn tch h ta thy nu t cng hung n n tn so vo th thnh phn dng h ICn to nn sut pVCn = ICn cost.Rq(t)c tn so gp n n tn so vo tc c nhn tnso. Nhn tn so nhn c d tn dng trong my pht FM. Ngo ra n c the khu trung gan to tn so cao n nh t dao ng chun thch anh.V n tang, ICn v Pn gm nhanh nn thung ngu ta ch nhn 2, 3, 4, 5. e nhn nheu, nn khuch ga cc tng nhn. Mch thuc t nhn tn khng ho ch to uu, m chcn y ra tn so mong muon. Nhn tn so thung dng trong my pht FM, PM, e tang d tn, d pha cng nhu ch so eu ch, thuc hn FM v PM d rng2.4 OI TN tn qu trnh dch chuyen tn hu eu ch n cao (T) hoac uong thp (R) m vn g nguyn cu trc ph cua n( dng tn hu ban u). N cho mt so uu em quan trong nhu d dng dch chuyen tn hu n tn so cn tht, tang chon oc, thun tn u tn hu. tn cn go trn tn, c k hu du nhn. Kh trn ha tn hu ng vo b tn, t ng ra cua n c nheu thnh phn tn so s, o, mo n s. B oc trung tn IF hoac BPF chon oc thnh phn tn so cn tht.Hnh 3:m hnh tn c bnThng thung m = n =1 e mc tn hu ra n nht. Tn hu ra c ph gong nhu tn hu ng vo tn, nhung uc dch chuyen n vng tn so cn tht thun tn trn u tn hu.2.5 TRUNG TN2.5.1 KHUECH AI TRUNG TNB khuch trung tn nm sau bo tn c nhm vu: Khuch n tn hu nho sau b d tn (R) n mc cntht g eu ch C chon oc cao (nh cc b oc IF) tn hu mong muon v o nhu ngo bang thng C AGC (Automatc Gan Contro) trnh qu t do g eu ch, gm mo g eu ch trong h thong FM (Frquncy Moduaton). Mc tn hu sau tn khong2.5.2 LUA CHON TN SO TRUNG TNSu chon ua IF thp m cho tht k n gn, b khuch n, n nh cao, d thuc hn. Trong my thu thanh AM c IF = 455KH, bang thng 2KH Trong thng tn tho AMSSB (3 3MH), thuc hn tn ha n o tn so nhu nh. IF1 = 2MH, bang thng 1KH, IF2trong khong (15) KH v du 455KH hay 2KH, bang thng 3KH. o v pht thanh FM monostro (88 18)MH, IF 1,7MH, bang thng 2KH. My thu truyen hnh c IF c khong (3 5MH), bang thng (6 1MH) ty chun h (PAL, NTSC, SECAM).Trong radar, vba mat t, thng tn v tnh, n thoa d ng t bo, cc tn so trung tn thung gap: 35; 45; 7; 14; 479MH.2.6 NHIU VA KHUECH AI NHIU THAPNhu (Tp m) tn hu khng mong muon, ut hn t nheu nguon khc nhau, ( du dng n p hay dng n ) chn vo tn hu hu ch m gm cht ung tn hu thu dn n sa ch thng tn . Nhu vn e rt quan trong cua n tu thng tn v u tn hu . Cht ung thu cua h thong n tu thng tn nh g thot so cng sut tn hu trn cng sut nhu ng vo my thu.S/N Ch su tung quan mnh cua tn hu so v nhu. Nu S/N nho hn g tr n nh ngung, tn hu thu khng t cht ung, thng tn b sa ch . Nhu c the uc cha thnh 2 o: Nhu ngo: gy ra b m trung truyen. Nhu trong (n): gy ra do tht b thu. B khuch cao tn nhu thp (RF Amp LNA ) nm ng vo my thu c nhm vu: Pho hp trr khng v antn Ten chon oc tn hu cao tn Lo nhu tn so nh ( Imag = c + 2IF) Khuch nhu thp tn hu nho ng vo my thu t mc cn tht e tn Tang nhy my thu. LNA thung c t mt n ba tng khuch tuyn tnh c eu hung chon oc tn so bang thng tn hu mong muon v AGC. M tng cung cp t 1 3 dB.3. BO KHUECH AI TRONG HE THONG THONG TIN DI ONG NSN FLEXI WCDMA 3.1 GIOI THIEU CAU TRC NSN FLEXI WCDMA3.2 BO KHUECH AIHnh 4 : u no FSMD v FRGFHnh 5:cch u no v my tnh v my o(cng sut v ph)Hnh 6 :thng so my o cho 1 knh ac trungHnh 7:cc u no PA trong FRGFHnh 8:mch cu the cua 1 PA3.2 KIM TRA HOAT ONG CUA PA cng sut 2W(43dbm) nguon cp vo 24V, cng sut tn hu vo dbm, bang thng tn hu 5MhHnh 9 :ap at th nghmHnh 1 :thng so my pht tn huHnh 11 :thng so my o phT u tham kho1.Go trnh c s k thaaut| su cao tn _Nghm Xun Anh2.C s k thut su cao tn_ V nh Thnh3.Go trnh mch khuch su cao tn_Nguyn HongHuy4.|osph F. Wht, HIGH FREOUENCY TECHNIOUES An Introducton to RF and Mcroav Engnrng, |ohn Wy & Sons, Inc, 24.