Nhm 6: Thit k nh my biscuit vi nng sut 1 tn/ca

Trng i hc Cng nghip thnh ph H Ch MinhVin cng ngh Sinh hc-Thc phm

TI :THIT K NH MY BNH BISCUIT VI NNG SUT 1 TN/CAGing vin hng dnNguyn Thch Minh

Sinh vin thc hinNguyn c Minh Trit12010991

Trn Nguyn Phc Hng12017421

L Th M Duyn12014681

L Hunh Cm Xuyn12017771

Nguyn Thnh Cng12140331

Nguyn Trng Tr12014371

MC LCCHNG 1: LP LUN KINH T K THUT11.1.Khu cng nghip AMATA11.1.1.c im thin nhin v v tr xy dng11.1.2.Ngun cung cp nguyn liu31.1.3.Ngun cung cp in, hi, nc51.1.4.Vn nc thi ca nh my51.1.5.Ngun cung cp nhn cng51.1.6.Giao thng vn ti:61.2.So snh KCN AMATA vi cc khu cng nghip7CHNG 2: TNG QUAN V BNH BISCUIT92.1.Bnh biscuit92.2.Tng quan v qui trnh lm bnh102.2.1.S to thnh bt nho102.2.2.Nhng bin i trong qu trnh nng bnh102.3.Nguyn liu sn xut bnh112.3.1.Nguyn liu chnh112.3.2.Nguyn liu ph122.4.Cht ph gia142.4.1.Cht lm n142.4.2.Cht thm142.4.3.Phm mu thc phm142.4.4.Mui n152.4.5.Cht chng oxy ho v cht nh ho152.4.6.Cc acid15CHNG 3 CHN V THUYT MINH DY CHUYN CNG NGH163.1.Chn dy chuyn cng ngh163.2.Thuyt minh quy trnh193.2.1.Chun b nguyn liu193.2.2.Chun b nh tng203.2.3.Nho bt203.2.4.To hnh213.2.5.Nng bnh233.2.6.Lm ngui243.2.7.Phn loi253.2.8.Bao gi253.2.9.Bo qun25CHNG 4: CN BNG VT CHT264.1.Thnh phn trong mt m bt nho264.2.Tnh tng nguyn liu cho mt m264.2.1.Lng cht kh cho mt m bt nho264.2.2.Lng cht kh bn thnh phm theo mt m bt nho k c tiu hao274.2.3.Lng bnh thu c t mt m nho284.2.4.Lng nguyn liu sn xut 1 tn thnh phm biscuit284.2.5.Tnh lng cht kh ca nguyn liu sn xut ra 1 tn thnh phm294.2.6.Tnh bn thnh phm30CHNG 5 : MY THIT B325.1.My ry bt325.2.Thit b nh trng325.3.My nghin ng335.4.Thit b un nng cht bo345.5.Thit b chun b nh tng345.6.Thit b nho bt355.7.Thit b to hnh365.8.Thit b nng375.9.My sp xp bnh375.10.Thit b bao gi38CHNG 6: NHN LC396.1.S b tr nhn s ca nh my396.2.Cn b lm vic hnh chnh396.3.S cng nhn406.3.1.S cng nhn trc tip406.3.2.S cng nhn lao ng gin tip426.4.S cng nhn vin lm vic trong 1 ngy42CHNG 7: TNH XY DNG437.1.Tnh kch thc cc cng trnh chnh437.1.1.Phn xng sn xut chnh437.1.2.Tnh kho nguyn liu437.1.3.Tnh kho thnh phm447.2.Nh hnh chnh v cc nh phc v sinh hot457.2.1.Nh hnh chnh457.2.2.Nh n, hi trng467.2.3.Nh sinh hot, v sinh467.2.3.2.Phng thay qun o477.2.3.3.Nh v sinh477.2.4.Nh bo v477.3.Cc cng trnh ph tr477.3.1.Phn xng c in477.3.2.Phn xng l hi487.3.3.i nc487.3.4.Trm in v my pht in d phng487.3.5.Khu cha nc thi487.3.6.Khu x l nc487.4.Din tch t xy dng48CHNG 8 CN BNG NNG LNG508.1.Tnh hi v ni hi508.1.1.Lng hi dng cho sn xut508.1.2.Lng hi dng trong sinh hot, nu n518.1.3.Tng lng hi cn thit518.1.4.Lng hi tiu tn cho l hi518.2.Tnh nhin liu518.2.1.Du DO cho l hi518.2.2.Du DO chy my pht in528.2.3.Lng xng, du s dng cho cc xe trong nh my528.3.Tnh nc528.3.1.Lng nc dng cho sn xut trong mt ngy528.3.2.Lng nc dng cho sinh hot538.3.3.Lng nc dng cho l hi538.3.4.Lng nc dng ti cy xanh v cc mc ch khc538.3.5.Tnh i nc54CHNG 9: TNH KINH T55

27

CHNG 1: LP LUN KINH T K THUTVic chn a im xy dng nh my phi ph hp vi quy hoch chung v m bo s pht trin chung v kinh t ca a phng, phi gn ngun nguyn liu gim gi thnh sn vn chuyn, gim hao ht nguyn liu. Nn qua qu trnh tm hiu ti quyt nh chn khu cng nghip AMATA Phng Long Binh, Tp.Bin Hoa, Tinh ng Nai lm a im xy dng nh my.1.1. Khu cng nghip AMATA1.1.1. c im thin nhin v v tr xy dng1.1.1.1. V tr : Pha ng gip tnh Bnh Thun, pha ng Bc gip tnh Lm ng, pha Ty Bc gip tnh Bnh Dng v Bnh Phc, pha Nam gip tnh B Ra - Vng Tu, pha Ty gip Thnh ph H Ch Minh, nm v tr trung tm Vng kinh t trng im pha Nam, l vng kinh t pht trin nng ng nht Vit Nam.Khoang cach theo ng b t KCN Amata n cac thanh ph ln, nha ga, bn cang va sn bay quc t nh sau: Cach trung tm TP.HCM 32 Km Cach ga Sai Gon 32 Km Cach cang ng Nai 4 Km, Tn Cang 26 Km, Cang Sai Gon 32 Km, Cang Phu My 40 Km. Cach Sn bay Quc t Tn Sn Nht 32 Km. Thun li cho vic tiu th hng ho v giao thng vn chuyn ra cc th trng min bc, trung v xut khu i cc nc.1.1.1.2. a hnh: Tnh ng Nai c a hnh vng ng bng v bnh nguyn vi nhng ni st ri rc, c xu hng thp dn theo hng bc nam. C th phn bit cc dng a hnh chnh nh sau: a hnh ng bng gm 2 dng chnh: Cc bc thm sng c cao t 5 n 10m hoc c ni ch cao t 2 n 5m dc theo cc sng v to thnh tng di hp c chiu rng thay i t vi chc mt n vi km. t trn a hnh ny ch yu l cc aluvi hin i. a hnh trng trn trm tch m ly bin: l nhng vng t trng trn a bn tnh ng Nai vi cao dao ng t 0,3 n 2m, c ch thp hn mc nc bin, thng xuyn ngp triu, mng li sng rch chng cht, c rng ngp mn bao ph. Vt liu khng ng nht, c nhiu st v vt cht hu c lng ng. Dng a i ln sng: cao t 20 n 200m. Bao gm cc i bazan, B mt a hnh rt phng, thoi, dc t 30 n 80. Loi a hnh ny chim din tch rt ln so vi cc dng a hnh khc bao trm hu ht cc khi bazan, ph sa c. t phn b trn a hnh ny gm nhm t vng v t xm. Dng a hnh ni thp: Bao gm cc ni st ri rc v l phn cui cng ca dy Trng Sn vi cao thay i t 200 800m. a hnh ny phn b ch yu pha bc ca tnh thuc ranh gii gia huyn Tn Ph vi tnh Lm ng v mt vi ni st huyn nh Qun, Xun Lc. Tt c cc ni ny u c cao (20300), m l thin thnh cm vi cc ch yu l granit, phin st. Nhn chung t ca ng Nai u c a hnh tng i bng phng1.1.1.3. Kh hu: Kh hu ng Nai l kh hu nhit i gi ma cn xch o, c hai ma tng phn nhau (ma kh v ma ma). Ma kh t thng 12 n thng 3 hoc thng 4 nm sau (khong 5 6 thng), ma ma t thng 5 n thng 11 (khong 6 7 thng). Khong kt thc ma ma dao ng t u thng 10 n thng 12. Nhit khng kh trung bnh hng nm t 25,7 26,7. Mc chnh nhau gia cc nm khng ln. Chnh lch nhit cao nht gia thng nng nht v lnh nht l 4,2. Nhit trung bnh ma kh t 25,4 26,7, chnh lch gia thng cao nht v thng thp nht l 4,8 oC. Nhit trung bnh ma ma t 26 26,8. So vi ma kh, mc dao ng khng ln, khong 0,8. Lng ma tng i ln v phn b theo vng v theo v. a bn huyn Tn Ph, pha bc huyn nh Qun, huyn Vnh Cu c lng ma ln nht, trn 2.500mm/nm. Ma kh, tng lng ma ch t 210 370 mm chim 12 145 lng ma ca nm. Ma ma, lng ma t 1.500 2.400 mm, chim 86 88% lng ma ca nm. Phn b lng ma gim dn t pha Bc xung pha Nam v t gia ra hai pha ng v Ty ca ng Nai1.1.2. Ngun cung cp nguyn liuMi nh my ch bin u phi c ngun nguyn liu n nh. Ngun nguyn liu ch yu ca nh my l bt m, ng, cht bo, sa, bt trngBt m, sa c nhp t Si Gn, ng c m bo bi nh my ng Bin Ho. Cc nguyn liu ph khc c mua t cc nh my trong nc hoc nhp khu. Vic n nh v ngun nguyn liu l iu kin thun li cho nh my i vo hot ng v nng cao nng sut, cht lng tt.Vic hp tc ho gia nh my thit kvi cc nh my khc v mt kinh t k thut v vic lin hp ho s gim thi gian xy dng gim vn u t v h gi thnh sn phm. Nh my hp tc v mi mt vi cc nh my khc v phng din k thut v kinh t. Nh my hp tc vi cc nh my cung cp ngun nguyn liu chnh ng, bt m, cht bo, sa...nh nh my ng Bin Ho, Cng Ty TNHH Sn Xut Thng Mi Bt M Th c Ngoi ra cn hp tc vi cc nh my khc v bao b, hp cc tng, cc c s sn xut nguyn liu ph khc trong KCN nh bao b ca TNHH bao b k thut cao Riches Vit Nam,.

1.1.3. Ngun cung cp in, hi, nc in c s dng chy ng c, thit b v chiu sng. Nh my s dng mng li in cng nghip ca thnh ph in th s dng thng l 110-220v/380v. Ngun in c cung cp t nha may in Amata cng sut 20 MVA va mang li in quc gia qua trm bin p 40 MVA Nc dng trong nh my vi mc ch ch bin, v sinh thit b v dng cho sinh hot. Nc s dng phi t cc ch tiu: ch s coli, cng, nhit , hn hp v c, hu c trong nc. Ngun nc c cung cp t nh my nc Thin Tn vi cng sut 25.000 m3/ngy. Nhin liu: Ch yu l du DO dng t nng l hi ring ca nh my phc v cho qu trnh 1.1.4. Vn nc thi ca nh my Nc thi sn xut theo h thng cng rnh vo khu vc x l nc thi ca nh my trc khi a vo h thng nc thi ca khu cng nghip v c thi ra ngoi ng ni qui nh. Khu x l cht thi ca KCN c cng sut 1.000 m3/ngay (cng sut thit k 4.000 m3/ngay).1.1.5. Ngun cung cp nhn cng Bin Ho l khu tp trung nhiu KCN v l thnh ph v tinh ca Thnh ph H Ch Minh, l vnh ai cng nghip ca pha nam. Ni y tp trung mt lng ln cng nhn v k s t c nc v. Nh my xy dng ti Bin Ho l mt th trng lao ng ln, v nh my t trong khu cng nghip nn s thu ht c cn b chuyn mn. Chuyn vin qun l v chuyn vin k thut ca nh my c o to ti cc trng: i hc cng nghip TpHCM, i hc Quc gia TpHCM, i hc Bch khoa Tp HCM i hc Bnh Dng,1.1.6. Giao thng vn ti:Pha ng gip tnh Bnh Thun, pha ng Bc gip tnh Lm ng, pha Ty Bc gip tnh Bnh Dng v Bnh Phc, pha Nam gip tnh B Ra - Vng Tu, pha Ty gip Thnh ph H Ch Minh, nm v tr trung tm Vng kinh t trng im pha Nam, l vng kinh t pht trin nng ng nht Vit Nam.Khoang cach theo ng b t KCN Amata n cac thanh ph ln, nha ga, bn cang va sn bay quc t nh sau: Cach trung tm TP.HCM 32 Km Cach ga Sai Gon 32 Km Cach cang ng Nai 4 Km, Tn Cang 26 Km, Cang Sai Gon 32 Km, Cang Phu My 40 Km. Cach Sn bay Quc t Tn Sn Nht 32 Km. Thun li cho vic tiu th hng ho v giao thng vn chuyn ra cc th trng min bc, trung v xut khu i cc nc.1.1.7. Th trng tiu th:Do v tr ca KCCN gn cc KCN khc nn ni y bn thn l mt ni tp trung ng c dn c, l mt th trng sn c. KCN li gn cc tuyn ng trng im v cc cng ln d dng a sn phm ti thnh ph H Ch Minh, cc tnh pha bc, pha nam v cc nc. Nh my xy dng ti Bin ho , ng Nai l mt ni ha hn th trng tiu th rng ln.

1.2. So snh KCN AMATA vi cc khu cng nghip

KCN Bin Ho KCN VisipKCN AMATA

a chng s 1 KCN Bin Ha 1 phng An Bnh Bin Ha -ng Nai.S 8, i L Hu Ngh, Cao c VSIP, Th x Thun An,Tnh Bnh DngPhng Long Binh Tp.Bin Hoa Tinh ng Nai

V trKhong cch theo ng b t KCN Bin Ha I ti cc thnh ph ln, nh ga, bn cng v sn bay quc t nh sau:+ Cch trung tm thnh ph H Ch Minh khong 30 km.+ Cch ga Si gn 30 km.+ Cng ng Nai 2 km, Tn cng 25 km; cng Si Gn 30 km; cng Ph M 44 km.+ Sn bay Quc t Tn Sn Nht: 30 km.

n Thnh Ph H Ch Minh (Thnh Ph H Ch Minh): 23km+thnh ph Bin Ha (Tnh ng Nai): 25km+Th Trn Li Thiu (Tnh Bnh Dng): 1km+Th Trn Li Thiu (Tnh Bnh Dng): 1km+n Ga Si Gn (Thnh Ph H Ch Minh): 25km+n Sn Bay Tn Sn Nht (Thnh Ph H Ch Minh): 30km+n Tn cng (Thnh Ph H Ch Minh): 22kmKhoang cach theo ng b t KCN Amata n cac thanh ph ln, nga ga, bn cang va sn bay quc t nh sau:+ Cach trung tm TP.HCM 32 Km+ Cach ga Sai Gon 32 Km+ Cach cang ng Nai 4 Km, Tn Cang 26 Km, Cang Sai Gon 32 Km, Cang Phu My 40 Km.+ Cach Sn bay Quc t Tn Sn Nht 32 Km.

Din tch335 ha, trong din tch dng cho thu 231,08 ha1.700 Ha trong 1.000 Ha t cng nghip 700 Ha t th - dch v410 ha, trong giai on 1 pht trin 129ha, din tch dng cho thu 100 ha, c pht trin ton b vi cc tin ch h tng cht lng. T l t cho thu chim trn 90%. Giai on 2 pht trin 261 ha v khu dch v, ang c pht trin theo tng giai on.

Ngun inin li quc gia qua trm bin p 126 MVA.H thng li in quc gia 6x63 MVA equal to 321.3 MW

t nha may in Amata cng sut 20 MVA va mang li in quc gia qua trm bin p 40 MVA

Ngun nc25.000 m3/ngy t nh my nc Thin TnTheo tiu chun WHO: cng sut ti a 20.000 m3 (Giai on 1) v 50.600 m3 (Giai on 2)25.000 m3/ngy t nh my nc Thin Tn.

X l cht thiCng sut nh my x l nc thi: 4000m3/ ngy (nc thi c dn qua x l ti KCN Bin Ha II).6.000 m3 (Giai on 1) v 6.000 m3/ngy (Giai on 2 - Cng sut thit k: 45.000 m3)1.000m3/ngay (cng sut thit k 4.000m3/ngay)

Cc ngnh thu ht u tCh bin thc phm, ho cht, vt liu xy dng, c kh luyn kim, gia cng kim loi, in t, giy, dch v.

Cng nghip h tr,Ch bin thc phm,Vt liu xy dng,C kh,in t,Thit b v ph tng,Dng c y t,thc phm, ch bin thc phm; ch to, lp rp in, c kh, in t; sn phm nha, cc loi bao b; sn phm cng nghip t cao su, gm s, thu tinh; kt cu kim loai; vt liu xy dng; hat nha,,

CHNG 2: TNG QUAN V BNH BISCUIT2.1. Tng quan v bnh biscuit2.1.1. Ngun gcLoi ngi bit lm bnh t thi trung c, nhng chic bnh u tin c sn xut ra t nc Anh, nhng chic bnh u tin c lm ra ch t mt s t nguyn liu nh: bt m, mui v nc.Vo thi y, lm bnh l mt cng vic nng nhc v vic n bnh cng khng d dng, bnh mun n c phi ngm vo cc loi thc ung nh tr, sa, nc, hoc sp cho mm mi dng c.Biscuit l mt loi sn phm bt ngun t chu u. Ngi Vit Nam bit n bnh biscuit khi ngi Php mang chng n nc ta trong chin tranh vo khong cui th kth 19.T biscuit c ngun gc t ting Latinh biscoctus, c ngha l bnh nng hai ln, t bis c ngha l hai ln v coctus c ngha l nu hay nng. T th k XVI n th k XVIII, cc dng khc ca n l besquite v bisket. Cc dng tng t c ch trong nhiu th ting Chu u. T 'Biscotti' cng l thut ng chung cho cc loi bnh cookie trong ting . Lch s ca biscuit c ngun gc t mt cng thc c to ra bi cc u bp Apicius La M, trong mt khi bt nho dy c luc v tri ra trn mt tm. Khi n kh v cng li, n c ct ra v sau chin cho n khi gin, sau c s dng cng vi mt ong v ht tiu.Khi con ngi bt u khm ph th gii, biscuit tr thnh loi thc phm l tng i ng v chng vn ngon trong thi gian di. Trong thi k i bin, chng kin s bng n ca biscuit khi c ng thng trong cc thng kn cho n cui thng. Biscuit cng (phin bn sm nht ca Biscotti v cracker ngy nay) l mt phn ca thc n ch yu ca thy th Anh v M trong nhiu th k. Trong thc t, cc quc gia dn u v vn chuyn trn bin, nh Ty u, l nhng ni m biscuit ph bin nht, ngay c cho n ngy nay. Biscotti c cho l mn n yu thch ca Christopher Columbus, ngi pht hin ra chu M!2.1.2. Phn loiBiscuit c th c phn loi theo rt nhiu cch phn loi khc nhau: Da vo cu trc, cng, hnh dng Da vo thnh phn nguyn liu c nh hng chnh.. Da vo cu trc bt nho v phng php to hnhBiscuit c nhiu hnh dng khc nhau v kch thc cng phong ph v kch c ca khun to hnh. C 2 loi biscuit chnh: Biscuit cng (bch quy dai). Biscuit mm (bch quy xp). Biscuit cng c im nguyn liu: hm lng ng v cht bo cao hn cracker. c im bt nho: khung gluten pht trin (hard weet, semi weet dough): bt t dai, n hi hn cracker. Cu trc c bn: mng protein lin tc bao bc quanh cc ht tinh bt v cht bo. To hnh: cn v ct. Cu trc sn phm: gin, cng. Biscuit mm c im nguyn liu: hm lng ng v cht bo cao hn biscuit cng. c im bt nho: s to khung gluten b hn ch do hm lng ng v cht bo cao (short dough): bt rt t dai v n hi. Cu trc c bn gm hn hp tinh bt, protein v ng, cht bo dng ht ln gng cc ht tinh bt vi nhau, xen vo l cc bt kh. To hnh: c Cu trc sn phm: gin, xp.2.1.3. Tiu chun v sn phm bnh bnh BiscuitSn phm bnh biscuit phi m bo t cc ch tiu theo TCVN 5909-1995 Cc ch tiu l ha ca bnhTn ch tiuMc

1. m, %, khng ln hn4

2. Hm lng protein, %, khng nh hn3,7

3. Hm lng cht bo, %, khng nh hn20

4. Hm lng ng ton phn (sacaroza), % khng nh hn15

5. Hm lng tro khng tan trong axit HCl 10%, %, khng ln hn0,1

6. kim, o (), khng ln hn2

Cc ch tiu cm quan ca bnhTn ch tiuYu cu

1. Hnh dng bn ngoi Bnh c hnh dng theo khun mu, vn hoa r nt. Bnh khng b bin dng, dp nt. Khng c bnh sng.

2. Mi vBnh c mi thm c trng ca tng loi.

3. Trng thi Dn xp mn mt.

4. Mu sc Mu c trng theo tn gi tng loi bnh, Khng c vt chy en.

5. Tp cht lKhng c

Ch tiu v sinhVi khun hiu kh gy bnh: Khng c cE coli: : Khng c cCl ferfringens: Khng c cTng s vi khun hiu kh, VK/gr,khng ln hn 5.103Coli forms, con/g,khng ln hn 102Nm mc sinh c t: Khng c cTng s nm men, con/g,khng ln hn 1022.2. Tng quan nguyn liu2.2.1. Bt m2.2.1.1. Tng quanBt m c ch to t ht la m thuc h ha tho bng phng php nghin. La m c hai loi l la m en v la m trng. Do , ngi ta cng chia bt m thnh 2 loi: Bt m en: Ch bin t ht la m en. Bt m trng: Ch bin t ht la m trng.Ty theo cht lng bt ta chia ra lm cc loi bt: thng hng, loi I, loi II, loi II, nghin ln.Ty thuc vo ging la m sn xut bt m v bt m c thnh phn ha hc khc nhau. Nhng nhn chung, bt m c cc thnh phn c bn nh sau : Cht v c: chim t 15-17%, ch yu l nc v mui khong Cht hu c: chim t 83-87% gm glucid, lipid, protid, vitamin, sc t, enzyme..

C 2 phng php sn xut bt: Phng php nghin th: Nghin khng phn loi, ch thu c mt loi bt. Phng php nghin tinh: Nghin phn loi, thu c nhiu loi bt.Bng thnh phn bt mLoi v hng btThnh phn ha hc trung bnh tnh bng % cht kh

PentozanTinh btProtitCht bong chungXenlulozaTro

Bt m trng

Thng hng1,9579,012,00,81,80,10,55

Hng I2,577,514,01,52,00,30,75

Hng II3,571,014,51,92,80,81,25

Bt m en

Hng A4,573,59,01,14,70,40,75

Hng B6,067,010,51,75,51,31,45

a. ProtidChim khong 8-25%, cu trc phn t protid c nh hng ti cht lng gluten. Cht lng gluten nh hng ti cht lng ca bnh. Nu t l mi lin kt disulfua tri hn ngha l protid c cu trc bc ba v bc bn nhiu hn th gluten ca bt cht hn, sc cng ln hn, cht lng bnh tt hn.Protid ca bt m ch yu l dng n gin: protein. Protein ca bt m gm c 4 nhm: Albumin, Globulin, Glutelin, ProlaminAlbumin, Globulin chim khong 20% protein ca bt m.Glutelin v Prolamin l 2 protein quan trng v chim khong 80% protein ca bt m.Hai loi protein ny l tc nhn chnh to nn mng phn b u trong khi bt nho khi kt hp vi nc, mng li ny chnh l gluten.Khi nho trn bt m vi nc, protein ca bt m to thnh mng phn b u trong khi bt nho, mng li ny va dai va n hi, c tc dng gi kh v lm khi bt nho n. Nu mang khi bt nho ra vi nc, tinh bt s tri i, phn cn li l protein cn c gi l gluten.Hm lng gluten t trong bt m chim khong 15 35 % ty thuc vo hm lng protein ca bt m.Gluten t cha ti 70% nc, 30% cht kh. Cht kh cn li ch yu l protein (chim 90%), glucid, lipid, khong v enzyme (chim 10%).Cht lng gluten c nh gi bng cc ch s nh: mu sc, n hi, dn di. Bt c gluten cht lng cao th n hi tt, dai cao v dn trung bnh, bnh s n v ngon.Trng hp gluten yu ngha l dn di ln, dai thp, t n hi th bt nho s dnh, bnh t n v b b ra. tng cht lng gluten khi nho bt c th b sung cc cht oxy ha: acid ascorbic, kali bromat, peroxit,, ngc li nhng cht kh s lm gim cht lng glutenb. GlucidCh yu l cc loi glucid khng ha tan trong nc (tinh bt, celluloza, hemicelluloza,) v mt s t ng(saccharoza, glucoza, fructoza, maltoza).Tinh bt: L glucid quan trng nht, cha trn 90% cht kh ca bt. Hm lng tinh bt cng ln th hm lng protein cng nh v ngc li.Celluloza v hemicelluloza: Ph thuc vo hng bt, hng bt cng thp th hm lng 2 loi glucid ny cng cao.ng trong bt chim khong 0,8-1,8%, bt hng cng thp th hm lng ng cng cao.Dextrin v pentozan: c nh hng xu ti cht lng bnh v dextrin khng ht nc nn nhiu dextrin rut bnh t v t n hi, cn pentozan d keo ha lm tng nht v dnh ca bt.Cellulose v hemicellulose: c th ngi khng tiu ha c nn trong bt cng t cng tt, hm lng hai cht ny trong bt m ho hng v loi I t hn trong loi II v loi th.c. LipidCha khong 0,8- 2,5% ty loi bt.Trong bt m c khong 0,4- 0,7% photphatid, ch yu l Leucithin.Leucithin l cht bo c tnh ho nc v hot ng b mt cao nn nh ha tt gip cho gluten n hi tt hn lm tng cht lng bt nho v bnh nng.Trong qu trnh bo qun, cht bo d b phn hy, gii phng acid bo t do, nh hng ti acid v mi v btd. VitaminBt m cha nhiu vitamin nh: B1, B6, PPVitamin cha nhiu trong lp alron.Hng bt cng cao th vitamin cng thp v ngc li.e. H enzymeEnzyme trong bt c y cc h trong ht m, tuy nhin trong sn xut cn c bit lu protease v amylase.Protease phn gii protein cu trc bc ba, do gluten b vn nt lm gim cht lng bt nho. Protein bt m c hot ng mnh 45- 47oC v pH=4,5-5,6. Khi b sung cht kh th hot ca protease tng nhng vi cht oxy ha v mui n b km hm.Tc dng tch cc ny ch i vi -amylase v n thy phn tinh bt thnh maltose, cn -amylase thy phn tinh bt thnh dextrin m dextrin th lin kt vi nc km lm cho rut bnh b t, do lm gim cht lng bnh.2.2.1.2. Ch tiu nh gi bt mCht lng bt m c nh gi theo TCVN 1895776 hoc TCVN 1874:1995Trong , bt m c nh gi v cc ch tiu sau: m: thng qua phng php sy mn: thng qua vic sng trn ry in vn tc 180 - 200 vng/pht vi Kch thc ry: d = 125mm Mu sc, mi v: dng phng php cm quan. nhim cn trng: sng trn ry v quan st. Tp cht st: dng nam chm tch v nh gi. Khi lng, cht lng gluten t: cn, kim tra mu, cng, n hi. chua: s dng phng php trung ha. Hm lng tro: bng cch tin hnh v c ho mu. c tnh ht nc, chc, c tnh lu bin ca bt m xc nh theo phng php th farinograph.

Cc ch tiu cht lng bt m dng trong sn xut bnh biscuitSTTTn ch tiuYu cu

1Mu scTrng ng hay trng c trng ca bt m t nhin

2MiMi t nhin ca bt m, khng c mi l

3VKhng c v chua, ng hay v l

4Tp cht v cKhng c ct sn

5Su mtKhng c

6 m 13%

7 mn:Cn li trn ry 420 mQua ry 118 m 20% 80%

8Gluten tHm lngCm quan cng t3235%Trng ng, mm mi, n hi tt1316 cm

9Hm lng tro0,40,75%

10 chua 3,5ml NaOH/100g

11Tp cht Fe30 mg/kg

2.2.2. ng2.2.2.1. Tng quanTrong sn xut bnh, ng c dng ch yu l ng saccaroza.Ngun gc: ng saccharose rt ph bin trong t nhin, c nhiu trong ma, c ci ng hay tri tht nt, tn ti di dng tinh th i khi cng c th tn ti di dng v nh hnh nhng khng bn.ng saccharose c: Cng thc phn t: C12H22O11 Khi lng phn t: 324 Khi lng ring 1,5879g/cm3 Nhit nng chy 185oC Tnh cht ca saccharoseTrong mi trng axit v nhit cao rt d b thy phn cho ra glucose v fructose (tc xy ra hin tng nghch o ng).Thng thng t ht m nhng khi un nng nhit cao (khong 130oC) th li c kh nng ht m mnh v n 160oC th bt u cho phn mg caramen ha.Tan tt trong nc ( ha tan 25oC l 2,04 kg/kg nc) v tan tng theo nhit . ngt trong dung dch ph thuc vo s c mt ca cc cht khc v iu kin mi trng nh pH, nht, v hm lng NaClVai tr ca ng trong sn xut bnh: Vai tr chnh ca ng l to v ngt Ngoi vic to v ngt, ng cn gp phn to cu trc, mu sc, hng v thm ngon cho sn phm bnh nng ng lm mm bt nho, gip bt m ht nc trng n ng l ngun cung cp nguyn liu cho phn ng Maillard, phn ng Caramel.2.2.2.2. Cc ch tiu nh gi ng

Bng cc ch tiu nh gi ngSTTCh tiuYu cu

1

Cm quan:Mu scMiVTrng thiRERS

Trng sang, vng nhMi c trng, khng c mi lNgt thanh, khng ln v khcTinh th ri kh tng i mm

2Hm lng ng saccharose (%)99,8099,62

3 m (%)0,050,07

4Hm lng ng kh (%)0,030,1

5Hm lng tro (%)0,030,07

Sau khi chn ng tinh th t cht lng nh trn, ta em xay ng tinh th thnh bt qu trnh ha tan nhanh hn.2.2.3. Cht bo2.2.3.1. Tng quanCc loi cht bo thng c s dng trong sn xut bnh l:Shortening: l sn phm cht bo no, thu t qu trnh hydro ha du thc vt, nhit nng chy cao, khng mi v, c mu trng ng v rn iu kin thngB: thu nhn t vng sa, hm lng bo cao (trn 80%).Vai tr ca cht bo: Tng cht lng cm quan Lm mm bt Tng gi tr dinh dng v nng lng.

2.2.3.2. Cc ch tiu nh gi cht boBng cc ch tiu nh gi cht boCh tiuShortening (TCVN6048:1995)B (TCVN 7400:2004)

Cm quanMu scMi vTrng thiTp chtMu trng saKhng c v lDng paste, mnKhng c tp cht lVng c trngMi v c trngMm, ng nhtKhng c tp cht

Ha hc m, %Hm lng lipidCh s AVCh s PVHm lng cht kh khng bo(%)< 0,1< 96< 0,3< 5< 0,1< 96< 0,3< 5

Sinh hcTng s vi khun hiu khColiform 104 CFU/g

10 vk/g sn phm 104 CFU/g

10 vk/g sn phm

2.2.4. Trng2.2.4.1. Tng quanTrng l nguyn liu trong sn xut bnh. Trng c s dng di dng ng lnh hoc bt trng (sn phm sy kh t trng ti nhit khong 1800C). Trng l mi trng tt cho vi sinh vt gy bnh pht trin do cn v sinh sch s cc dng c tip xc vi trng.Lng trng g rt giu cht bo v lecithin, cc thnh phn ca trng to nn mi v c trng truyn thng cho bnh.Vai tr ca trng Tng gi tr cm quan Tng gi tr dinh dng To bt, h tr cho vic to gel Lm tng th tch bnh2.2.4.2. Cc ch tiu nh gi cht lng trngBng cc ch tiu nh gi cht lng trngSTTCh tiuYu cu

1MiKhng mi l

2VSch, khng mp mo, khng v

3Bung khN = = 21,2259 (kg/h)- Lng du DO dng cho l hi trong mt nm21,2259 24 290 = 147732,5867 (kg/nm) 8.2.2. Du DO chy my pht inGi s mt nm lng du DO chy my pht in l: 1000 kgVy tng lng du DO dng trong nh my l:147732,5867 + 1000 = 148732,5867 (kg/nm)8.2.3. Lng xng, du s dng cho cc xe trong nh my Lng du s dng cho cc xe tiGi s cc xe ch thnh phm cho nh my chy trong vng bn knh 150 km, tnh trung bnh mi xe chy 1 ngy 300 km v 1 lt du chy c 30 km.Khi lng du s dng cho 3 xe ti trong 1 nm l:

3 290 = 8700 (lt/nm)- Lng xng s dng cho xe con v xe ch nhn vin- Gi s 1 ngy 1 xe con v 1 xe ch nhn vin cn dng 8 lt. Vy lng xng cn trong mt nm : 290 8 = 1450 (lt/nm)8.3. Tnh nc8.3.1. Lng nc dng cho sn xut trong mt ngyBnh quy xp: 189,7425 (lt/ngy)

8.3.2. Lng nc dng cho sinh hot Lng nc dng cho nh n: Tnh cho 70% s cng nhn lao ng trn nh my inh mc : 30 lt/1ngy/1ngi Lng nc cn dng l: 70% 115 30 = 2415(lt/ngy) Lng nc dng cho phng tm, nh v sinh Tnh cho 70% s cng nhn lao ng trn nh my Nh my c 3 phng v sinh v 7 nh tm. nh mc mi phng 60 lt/1ngy/1ngi.Lng nc cn dng: 70% (7+3) 115 60 = 48300 (lt/ngy) Vy tng lng nc dng trong sinh hot: 2415 + 48300 = 50715 (lt/ngy)8.3.3. Lng nc dng cho l hi Lng hi m l hi sn xut : 377,517 kg/h. Gi s 1 kg nc s cho 1 kg hi v lng nc tn tht 10% th lng nc dng cho l hi l:

+ 350,018 = 415,268 (lt/h) = 9966,432 (lt/ngy)8.3.4. Lng nc dng ti cy xanh v cc mc ch khcTiu chun s dng nc: Ti cy xanh, ti ng: 1,5 lt/ngy/1m2 Lng nc ti cy xanh, ti ng l: 1,5 (1328,4 +1162,35) = 3736,125 (lt/ngy) - Nc cha chy: nh mc 1 ct 2,5 (lt/s). Gi s thi gian cha chy l 3 giS ct cha chy:- Phn xng sn xut chnh : 2 - Kho cha : 1- Nh lm vic : 1 Tng cng : 4 ct.Lng nc cha chy :2,5 4 3 3600 = 108000 (lt/ngy)Vy lng nc ti cy v cc mc ch khc l:3736,125+108000 = 111736,125 (lt/ngy)Tng lng nc dng cho 1 ngy sn xut: 436.01+50715+9966,432+111736,125 = 172853.57(lt/ngy) =172.853 (m3/ngy)Lng nc dng trong 1 nm: 172.853 257 = 44423.37 (m3/nm)8.3.5. Tnh i nc Gi s i cha nc d tr bng 2 ln lng nc cn dng trong 1 ngy Vy th tch ca i nc: 172.853 2 = 345.706 (m3)

CHNG 9: TNH KINH TBng 9.1 chi ph ban uChi ph ban u (VND)

Thu t31.660.000

Xy dng nh xng2.740.000.000

Gi mua thit b1.500.000.000

Cp vn chuyn60.000.000

Cp lp t250.000.000

Cp qun l v t vn318.500.000

Tng cng4.900.160.000

Bng 9.2 Bng tnh khu haoBNG TNH KHU HAO

STTTSCDNGUYN GI (VND)THI GIAN KHU HAOKHU HAO TRONG 1 NM (VND)

1Thit b1.810.000.0002572.400.000

2Nh xng2.740.000.0005054.800.000

Tng cng 127.200.000

Bng 9.3: Bng doanh thuSTTThng sn gi (VND)

1Cng sut thit k1.040.000

2n gi bn25.000

3Doanh thu26.000.000.000

Bng 9.4 Bng tnh chi ph gia vnSTTCHI PHTHNG SGI TR

1Nguyn vt liu16.938.570.000

2Bao b5%846.928.500

3Tin lng12%2.032.628.400

4CP sn xut chung20%3.387.714.000

5CP bo hnh v qun l15%2.540.785.500

TNG CNG25.746.626.400

Bng 9.5 Bng tnh thi gian hon vnSTTTHNG SGI TR (VND)

1Vn u t ban u4.900.160.000

2DOANH THU26.000.000.000

3Gi vn25.746.626.400

4Li nhun t hot ng kinh doanh253.373.600

5thu68.410.872

6EAT184.962.728

7khu hao127.200.000

8EAT+ khu hao312.162.728

Thi gian hon vn15,70

54