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Bamako, Mali, 6-7 May 2005
Multilingualism for Cultural Diversity and Participation for
All in Cyberspace
Session 3:
Mesurer et évaluer la diversité linguistique
Collecte et analyse des Collecte et analyse des indicateurs régionaux indicateurs régionaux
Daniel PimientaDaniel [email protected]@funredes.org
FUNDACIÓN REDES Y DESARROLLOFUNDACIÓN REDES Y DESARROLLO
FUNREDESFUNREDEShttp://funredes.orghttp://funredes.org
Networks & Development FoundationNetworks & Development FoundationFundación Redes Y DesarrolloFundación Redes Y Desarrollo
Association Réseaux & DéveloppementAssociation Réseaux & Développement
http://funredes.orghttp://funredes.org
[email protected]@funredes.org
FUNREDESFUNREDES
ICT4D ICT4D CIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL SOCIETYpionneer (1988)pionneer (1988)
Research-action in the fieldResearch-action in the field
Early sensitivity to Early sensitivity to linguistic & cultural diversity linguistic & cultural diversity
REGIONAL INDICATORS?
PLEASE DONT EXPECT ME TO MAKE AN
EXHIBITION OF THEM!
THE POINT IS RATHER TO SHOW A VISION FROM THE FIELD...
SO
I WILL JUST DRAW, FROM FUNREDES FIELD EXPERIENCE IN MANAGING LINGUISTIC
DIVERSITY, SOME CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMANDATIONS
FUNREDES FIELD EXPERIENCE FUNREDES FIELD EXPERIENCE MANAGING CULTURAL & MANAGING CULTURAL & LINGUISTIC DIVERSITYLINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
FROM 1988 TO 2005FROM 1988 TO 2005
ANDAND
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
MULBRI
one of the first PC based interface to networks
(1989-1992)
MULTILINGISM INCLUDED
MULBRI: LEARNED LESSONSMULBRI: LEARNED LESSONS
DESIGN WITH THE USERS
LANGUAGE IS NOT ENOUGH, WHAT ABOUT CULTURE?
REDALC E.CONFERENCEREDALC E.CONFERENCE1989-19951989-1995
One of the first regional virtual community
for LA&C research and civil society
REDALC : LEARNED LESSONREDALC : LEARNED LESSON
ON THAT SUBJECT, JUST ONE, SIMPLE:
RESPECT THE FREEDOM OF CHOICE TO INDIVIDUALS TO SELECT ONE LANGUAGE TO EXPRESS IN VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
+ A DRIVE FOR BRINGING SOLUTION FOR
MULTILINGUISM IN THE VIRTUAL WORLD
FUNREDES.ORG/EMECFUNREDES.ORG/EMEC1996 1996 19991999
LESSONS LEARNED FROM LESSONS LEARNED FROM EMECEMEC
COMPLEX EQUATION COST/QUALITY
MARKET NOT READY TO UNDERSTAND
SIGNAL/NOISE IN VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES WILL BECOME A MAJORE ISSUE AND MARKET WILL UNDERSTAND ... BUT NEED TO GO PROGRESSIVELY.
SERVICESERVICE COSTCOST QUALITYQUALITY
Plain machine translation, no Plain machine translation, no revisionrevision
11 extremely extremely poorpoor
Revised plain machine translationRevised plain machine translation 55 poorpoor
Normalized input machine Normalized input machine translationtranslation
2020 mediocremediocre
Normalized input machine Normalized input machine translation + revisiontranslation + revision
2525 acceptableacceptable
Non professional translation Non professional translation assisted by machine translationassisted by machine translation
5050 nicenice
Non professional translationNon professional translation 100100 nicenice
Top professional translationTop professional translation 10001000 excellentexcellent
FUNREDES.ORG/LC
1996 - 2005
RESULTADOS LCRESULTADOS LC
Evolution des langues latines par rapport a l'anglais
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%ES
FR
IT
PO
RO
DE
ES 3.37% 8.41% 9.46% 10.95% 11.24% 11.36% 11.60% 10.83%
FR 3.75% 7.33% 7.89% 8.86% 9.13% 9.14% 9.60% 8.82%
IT 2.00% 4.60% 4.93% 5.88% 6.15% 6.15% 6.51% 5.28%
PO 1.09% 3.95% 4.44% 5.40% 5.57% 5.61% 5.62% 4.55%
RO 0.20% 0.37% 0.33% 0.32% 0.35% 0.36% 0.33% 0.23%
DE 5% 11.00% 11.43% 13.42% 13.74% 14.08% 14.41% 13.87%
09-98 08-00 01-01 06-01 08-01 10-01 02-02 02-03
RESULTADOSRESULTADOS LCLC
Evolution des langues latines et de l'Allemand entre 1998 et 2003
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
% p
ar ra
ppor
t à l’
angl
ais
Espagnol
Français
Italien
Portugais
Roumain
Allemand
LESSONS LEARNED FROM LESSONS LEARNED FROM LC OBSERVATORY LC OBSERVATORY
QUITE A LOT!!!
IT’S POSSIBLE TO DEFINE, MANAGE AND MAINTAIN SOME RELEVANT INDICATORS
HOWEVER UNIVERSITY HAS LEFT THIS FIELD TO MARKETERS
SITUATION OF THE INTERNET EVOLVE TOO FAST TO MAINTAIN ANY FACT AS DEFINITIVE
IS REALLY THE DESINFORMATION ABOUT THE ENGLISH IN THE NET TOTALLY INNOCENT?
0%
100%
95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
ENGLISH PRESENCE IN THE NET
INDICATORS DERIVED FROM LC
% INTERNET USER PER LANGUAGE (ABSOLUTE/RELATIVE)
%WEB PAGE PER LANGUAGE (A/R)
% USENET GROUP PER LANGUAGE (A/R)
WEB PRODUCTIVITY BY LANGUAGE PER COUNTRY
CULTURAL PRESENCE TRENDS
SOME EXAMPLES OF SOME EXAMPLES OF RESULTSRESULTS
Poids des langues étudiées (Source Union Latine - chiffres arrondis en millions, 2000)
Anglais Espagnol Français Italien Portugais Roumain Allemand
Présence absolue (nombre de locuteurs)
630 375 130 60 190 30 120
Présence relative (pourcentage mondial)
10,50%
6,25%
2,17%
1%
3,17%
0,50%
2%
Présence pondérée sur la Toile
Présence absolue 2003
Présence pondérée
1998
Présence pondérée
2000
Présence pondérée
2003
ANGLAIS 45% 7,14 5,71 4,29
ESPAGNOL 4,87% 0,40 0,78 0,78
FRANÇAIS 3,97% 1,30 2,02 1,83
ITALIEN 2,38% 1,50 2,77 2,38
PORTUGAIS 2,05% 0,26 0,68 0,65
ROUMAIN 0,10% 0,30 0,38 0,21
ALLEMAND 6,24% Non disponible
3,15 3,12
Un quotient égal à 1 est à considérer comme un résultat "normal" ; s'il est inférieur à 1, comme faible et s'il est supérieur à 1, comme un résultat respectable.
Productivité des locuteurs (2003) Pages Internautes P/I
ANGLAIS 45% 37% 1,22
ESPAGNOL 4,87% 7,6% 0,64
FRANÇAIS 3,97% 4,2% 0,95
ITALIEN 2,38% 3,9% 0,62
PORTUGAIS 2,05% 3,1% 0,67
ROUMAIN 0,10% 0,4% 0,28
ALLEMAND 6,24% 6,8% 0,92
%Pages en français
Internautes francophones(en millions)
% Internautesfrancophones
Productivité par pays
Suisse 6,5% 0,90 3,5% 1,88
Belgique 6,0% 1,00 3,8% 1,56
Canada 24,2% 4,40 16,9% 1,43
France 56,2% 18,70 71,9% 0,78
Reste 9,9% 1 3,85%
TOTAL 100% 26 100% 1
(2003)
Production de pages en français Production de pages en français
par continentpar continent
Europe72.6%
Amériques25.4%
Reste0.9%
Afrique/Moyen Orient0.8%
Asie/Océanie0.3%
FUNREDES.ORG/MISTICA
1998-2005
LESSONS LEARNED LESSONS LEARNED FROM MISTICAFROM MISTICA
AMERICA LATINA AND............................... THE CARIBBEAN
LANGUAGE IS NOT ENOUGH CULTURAL FACTOR
NEEDS TO BE WORKED OUT (SEE HTTP://CARDICIS.ORG)
TRANSLATION BY PROGRAM FOR INDIGENOUS
NON MINORITY LANGUAGES A PROBLEM
AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION WITHOUT REVISION IS
BAD BUT BETTER THAN NOTHING. DEMAND JUMPS!
FUNREDES.ORG/TRADAUTO
WSIS CIVIL SOCIETY PLENARY DISCUSSION LIST
LESSONS LEARNED FROM LESSONS LEARNED FROM TRADAUTOTRADAUTO
I MADE A MISTAKE BY IMPATIENCE (EMEC)
I AM STILL CONVINCED THAT AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION WITHOUT HUMAN INTERVENTION IN NONSENSE... BUT PEOPLE NEEDS TO DISCOVER IT BY THEMSELES.
THE INTEREST IS STARTING TO ARISE. PEOPLE WILL NOW LEARN MANY LESSONS I HAVE SHOWN HEREAND OTHERS.
HTTP://3EL.ORG
LESSONS LEARNED FROM LESSONS LEARNED FROM 3 LINGUISTIC SPACES3 LINGUISTIC SPACES
MEANINGFUL CONCEPT NEED TO BE OBSERVED AND FOLLOWED IN OTHER NEIGHBOUR LINGUISTIC CONTEXT.
CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IS A LOW PROCESS AND MAYBE THE MOST IMPORTANT IS TO REFORM RADICALLY THE TEACHING OF LANGUAGES IN EDUCATION SYSTEMS.
THE EXPERIENCE OF LETTING EACH ONE SPEAKS ITS OWN LANGUAGE IS POSSIBLE IN CLOSE LANGUAGES ENVIRONMENTS, EXTREMELY ENLIGHTNING AND COULD BE USE IN OTHER CONTEXT (see CARDICIS)
FINAL CONCLUSIONS & FINAL CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMANDATIONSRECOMMANDATIONS
LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IS A KEY MATTER FOR INFORMATION SOCIETY WHICH IRRADIATES ALL ISSUES. CANNOT BE DISSOCIATED FROM CULTURE.
“PRAGMATISM” SOMETIMES STINKS............................ THE MATTERS OF COST/INVESTMENT/PRIORITIES NEED TO BE REVISED. INFORMATION ETHICS MUST CHALLENGE AND BALANCE PRAGMATISM.
INFORMATION SOCIETY (WITH OR WITHOUT ICT) NEEDS A COMPLETE REVISION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION SYSTEM AND VALUES
FINAL CONCLUSIONS & FINAL CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMANDATIONSRECOMMANDATIONS
US IMPLICIT BIAS TO BE ESPECIALLY AVOIDED IN THAT VERY SUBJECT. LISTEN TO LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN DIVERSE LANGUAGES!
SWITCH BIASES AND PRAGMATIC BALANCE TOWARDS LOCAL/SOUTH/MINORITY/FIELD
DON’T LET INDICATORS TO THE MARKET! ACADEMY PLEASE COME BACK!!! SUPPORT CIVIL SOCIETY RESEARCH-ACTION
A MESSAGE FROM THE FIELDA MESSAGE FROM THE FIELDDate: Mon, 02 May 2005 13:07:17 -0500From: Taran Rampersad <[email protected]>To:[email protected], [email protected], cardicis.org,[email protected]
I think Prof. Adama Samasekou of Mali will be playing a key role in thisconference on multilinguism at Bamaco. One of the things the conference
should promote is setting up open access interoperable institutional archives in all higher education and research institutions all over Africa. That is the only way to make access to research information affordable and on a level playing field. Africa now has the technology (and it is improving all the time). All it needs is the political will.
Subbiah Arunachalam <[email protected]>