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qZs

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q U��� ��� � �!��� �! ��� � ����� � �9� �

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Block Address Word Address Byte Address

28 2 2

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q GR]V(�@I!N9C�V R]V(I!��J!�[OG�1U[Ef���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F����9C�E! $J!P�V�U[o �L��E! $N!�� GM��HU*C�V(�� Z�(OGP�I1OGC� GF�OGP�PJ!�[OG�1U[E` ZPHM!F$���3C�E! ` Z��C���c4F ��K$I!P�C[OG�! ZV(I1F P�c C�V�M� ZC� Z��KL���! :C�E! ` �[F C:J!�[OG�1U[E4C�E1OGCb�HF$N!�� GM��HU*C� GM� C[OGo, Z����k�� RaOG��c �$��E! $K$I!P�C���N!P� �N!�� GM��HU*C���V(� R] GOGC�I!�� $ ZP���KL���1OGC� GF�C�E! �! Z GM`C�V:�� ��]R] ZC[U[EbC�E! F�OGKL $���1F C���I1U*C���V(�fJ!P�V�U[o`� R ObJ!�[OG�1U[Ef�HF�N!�� GM��HU*C� GM � �!V(C�� C[OGo, Z��� �9��E! Z�� R]V(�� ,kQI!NfC�V R]V(I!�N!�� GM��HU*C���V(�1F$OG�� `O(UZU*V(KLN!P��HF E! GMf����V(�! 9U*c!U*P� ��e4E! Z�4C�E! 9�U[E! GM�I!P����!^9���!��CLU*V(KLKL��C[F@OJ!P�V�U[o:VWR �� GF I!P�C[F>C�VLC�E! �� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` P� ,k!J!�[OG�1U[E`N!�� GM��HU*C�V(��F C[OGC��HF C��HUZF�OG�� I!N&M!OGC� GMbJ1O(F GM`V(�V(I!C[U*V(KL �VWRXJ!�[OG�1U[E:N!�� GM��HU*C���V(�1F���:C�E1OGC�J!P�V�U[o �

Index TagCounters

Valid

0

1

2

63

0 1 2 3

3

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��� ����� � ����������������� � �9� �

��E! ��U[E! GM�I!P����!^����!��C�� �� �&�HFQ�� GF N1V(�1F ��J!P� R]V(��M� GU*V�M����!^�OG�1M@�HF�F I!���!^����1F C���I1U*C���V(�1FQC�VC�E! >�XW� GU*I!C���V(� ���!��C �>E!�HU[E@OG�� >�� GU* Z���, GM R]��V(K�C�E! >���1F C���I1U*C���V(�@���!��C�����C��HFQOGPHF V��� GF N1V(�1F ��J!P� R]V(�>K:OG����C[OG���!���!^�C�E! �N!��V(N1 Z��F C[OGC� �VWR\C�E! �K:O(U[E!���! �Q��E! GF �C[O(F o!F>OG�� �O(UZU*V(KLN!P��HF E! GM I1F ���!^OG�f���1F C���I1U*C���V(� �>���1M�V���kQ�� ZV(�[M� Z��J!I�� Z�ZkOG�1M9�� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` P� �� T�k q(q � �:� J!P�V�U[o9M��HOG^(�[OGK VWRC�E! �K:OG���b�U[E! GM�I!P����!^ ���!��C>�HF>F E!V��>�b���b�Q��^(I!�� #C �D^ �

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q ^d�c��1OGKL�HUV(I!C�� VWR � V(�[M� Z��F�U[E! GM�I!P����!^��HF�O(U[E!�� Z�, GM�I1F ���!^@O��� ZV(�[M� Z��J!I�� Z��OG�1M O�U* Z��C��[OGP

���1F C���I1U*C���V(� �>���1M�V���k �>E!�HU[E@J1 ZE1OZ�, �O(F�O�F ���!^(P� >��� ��� ���Q���[F CQ����k,�Q���[F C���I!C ��I!�!��C��Q��E! " �/� � # , �HF�M� ` �! GM$C�V J1 �C�E! �C�V(C[OGP&��I!K$J1 Z��VWR\ Z��C����� GFM������HM� GM J�c C�E! �M� GU*V�M� �F ��jZ �]R]V(I!�aR]V(�C�E! $�d��h�� ����C��HF� GY,I!���(OGP� Z��C>C�V$C�E! ��I!K$J1 Z�>VWR F E!� R]C�U*c!U*P� GF���C�C[OGo, GFaR]V(��C�E! @���1F C���I1U*C���V(�C�V$J1 @U*V(KLKL��C�C� GM@C�V C�E! ��� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` P� @OG�1M:P� GOZ�, �C�E! �U[E! GM�I!P����!^ ���!��C��

��J!P�V�U[obVWRR]V(I!�����1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F��� GU* Z���, GM R]��V(K C�E! ���1F C���I1U*C���V(�9���!��C�OG�� ���1F Z��C� GMbOGCC�E! C�V(N9VWRaC�E! L�� ���TR N1V,F�F ��J!P� ,k�C�E! L��<F E!� R]C[F�OLJ!P�V�U[obVWR�R]V(I!�����1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F� GO(U[E9U*c!U*P� ���E! $U*V(KLN!P� ZC� GMLJ!P�V�U[obVWRa���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F�OGC�C�E! J1V(C�C�V(K VWR C�E! L�� OG�� LU*V(KLKL��C�C� ZMLC�VLC�E! �� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` P� >OG�1M@J!�[OG�1U[E@N!�� GM��HU*C�V(���Q� " � 0�#&* � V�UZU*I!�[F��>E! Z�@C�E! ���4UZOG�!�!V(CF E!� R]CQJ1 GUZOGI1F C�E! ��� ZV(�[M� Z�>J!I�� Z�>�HF �>OG��C����!^ R]V(��O@�� GF I!P�C>V(��C�E! ����1F C���I1U*C���V(� �>���1M�V��DE1O(F>�!V(C>�HF�F I! GMbOG����1F C���I1U*C���V(�4���4C�E! `PHO(F CLJ!P�V�U[o � �> GO(M�c � C�V � ��I!�3���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F*k>E!V��� Z�, Z�Zk>U*V(��C�����I! bC�V J1 �HF�F I! GM R]��V(K.C�E! ��D�� Z^,OG�[M�P� GF�F>VWR\C�E! �C c�N1 �VWR F C[OGP�P �

c.� ��������� �Z����)��

��E! @�� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` P� ��HF�OGJ!P� �C�VLE1OG�1M�P� @O ��V(�[F C���UZO(F $M� GU*V�M� @VWRX Z��^(E�C�F V(I!�[U* @V(N1 Z�[OG�1M!F� C ��V R]��V(K. GO(U[ELVWRQR]V(I!�>���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F �OG�1MbO(UZU* ZN!C R]V(I!�>�� GF I!P�C>U*V(KLKL��C[F R]��V(K.C�E! ��� ZV(�[M� Z�J!I�� Z�����V(�1F GY,I! Z��C�P�c,k(OG�.T � N1V(��C��� GO(M OG�1MZU � N1V(��C �>����C� �����_.U* ZP�P��HFQI1F GM C�V@O(UZU*V(KLN!P��HF EC�E!�HF�C[O(F o �

c.� ����4�� � �Z� � � �

��E! @�� ZV(�[M� Z��J!I�� Z���HF�U*V(KLN1V,F GMLVWRaO$M� GF C����1OGC���V(�`�� Z^(�HF C� Z� ` ZPHM&k&M!OGC[O ` ZPHM&k!�� GO(M�c` ZPHM&k!M� GF C����1OGC���V(�bC[OG^ ` ZPHM&k!U*I!���� Z��C ` ZPHM&k!OG�1M:�(OGP��HM ` ZPHM ���E! ��1OGKL ,k!Y,I1OG��C���C c,k�C c�N1 �VWR

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q R

Reorder Buffer

Tag Generator

Register FileAddress Decoder

Instruction

Src1 Src2 Dest Opcode

Instruction Window

Dest Current

VALID

READY

DATA TagSrc1

DATA

SRC1

READY

SRC1

TAG

Dest

TAG

OPCODE

SCHEDULER

ISSUED

BRANCH

SRC2

READY

Src2

DATA

SRC2

TAG

Operand Value/Tag

Register FileData

To/FromExecution Unit

ResultResultTags

�Q��^(I!�� #C �D^�g�i�P�V�U[oLd��HOG^(�[OGK VWR �> ZV(�[M� Z�>i�I�� Z��OG�1Mb���1F C���I1U*C���V(�:e4���1M�V��

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q TU* ZP�P������ � �> GO(Mf���!P�c,k���e � �> GO(M��Ze9����C� ,kQ����_ � �V(��C� Z��C���M!M��� GF�F�OGJ!P� $_b ZKLV(��c,k����_ � ��OG�1M�V(K.��UZU* GF�F_b ZKLV(��c �[k(OG�1M:M� GF�U*����N!C���V(�$VWR GO(U[E ` ZPHM �HF^(���, Z� ���:�QOGJ!P� �C � U �

��OGKL ��C c �c�N1 �VWR � ZP�P d� GF�U*����N!C���V(�

d����� G T � N1V(��C���� ����_ ��V(PHM!F>M� GF C����1OGC���V(�b�� Z^(�HF C� Z�>OG�1MbU*V(KLN1OG�� GFF V(I!�[U* ��� Z^(�HF C� Z�[F �

d���Q� s C T � N1V(��C���e ����_ ��V(PHM!F s C � J!��C�M!OGC[O �(OGP�I! �V(��G � J!��C>C[OG^$�(OGP�I! ������d>� q T � N1V(��C���e ����_ ���1M��HUZOGC� GF�� R\M!OGC[O$V(�>C[OG^$�HF����bd���Q� ` ZPHM ��Q��l G T � N1V(��C���� ����_ ��V(PHM!F>M� GF C����1OGC���V(�bC[OG^$�(OGP�I! @OG�1M:U*V(KLN1OG�� GF

�� GF I!P�C �>����C� �C[OG^,F ������������� G F N1 GU*�HOGP�P�V,V(o�I!N �I1F C�V(K U* ZP�P&I1F GML���bF GOG�[U[E!���!^ R]V(��KLV,F C

U*I!���� Z��C>M� GF C����1OGC���V(�:�� Z^(�HF C� Z��������� d q T � N1V(��C���e ����_ ���1M��HUZOGC� GF�� R Z��C���cL�HF��(OGP��HM �

�QOGJ!P� $C � U!g�> ZV(�[M� Z��i�I�� Z���Q�� ZPHM!F

�O(U[E U*c!U*P� $C�E! L�� ZV(�[M� Z�@J!I�� Z� �>����C� GF�C�E! L�� GF I!P�C[F R]��V(K C�E! L Z�1M9VWR C�E! :��� ��� �Q�TRO:�� GF I!P�C��HF��!V(C@�� GO(M�c9OG�1Mf�HF��� GY,I!���� GM&k�C�E! Z�9��C �>��P�PF C[OGP�P�C�E! $ Z��C����� L�� ����C�E! Z� �>�HF ,k���CF E!� R]C[F>J�c R]V(I!��OG�1M`U*�� GOGC� GF��! �D Z��C����� GFI1F ���!^LC�E! /�+0�# ` ZPHM R]��V(K.C�E! @�! �D���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F ���V`O(UZU*V(KLN!P��HF E`M� GU*V�M����!^!k�C�E! 0�%+(�� OG�1M 0�%+(�� ` ZPHM!F R]��V(K �! � ���1F C���I1U*C���V(�1F�OG�� $I1F GM`C�VF GOG�[U[E R]V(��K:OGC[U[E!���!^ /�+0�# Z��C����� GF����$C�E! ��� ZV(�[M� Z��J!I�� Z����3F N1 GU*�HOGP1P�V,V(o�I!NbU* ZP�P!�HFI1F GM$C�VF GOG�[U[E R]V(��C�E! KLV,F C�U*I!���� Z��C /�+0�# K:OGC[U[E:���9U*V(�1F C[OG��C�C���KL �>��E! Z��k1C�E! �(OGP�I! � � RX�� GO(M�c �V(��C[OG^ �HF�� GO(M R]��V(K C�E! �OGN!N!��V(N!���HOGC� @M!OGC[O@U* ZP�PHFOG�1MLF Z��C�C�V@C�E! ����1F C���I1U*C���V(� �>���1M�V�� ���V�>����C� ��� GF I!P�C[F��� GU* Z���, GM R]��V(K.C�E! @�XW� GU*I!C���V(�:���!��CZk�C�E! ��� GF I!P�C�C[OG^$�(OGP�I! GF�K$I1F C�E1OZ�, �J1 Z Z�N!�� Z����V(I1F P�c:�� GU* Z���, GMLOG�1M`U*V(KLN1OG�� GMbOG^,OG���1F C�OGP�PQC[OG^:�(OGP�I! GF>���`C�E! @�� ZV(�[M� Z��J!I�� Z������E! Z�C�E! ��� GF I!P�C>K:OZc J1 �>����C�C� Z�:C�V C�E! @M!OGC[O$U* ZP�PHF���:C�E! �K:OGC[U[E!���!^@ Z��C���c �

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