B yju's Cla · B yju's Cla sse s 3 lelkef;dh vxLr &1 Byju's Classes : 9205881869 •blds vykok jsyos esa dk;Zjr os f[kykM+h Hkh blh rjg ls inksUufr ikus ds gdnkj gksaxs tks vtqZu@jktho

Byju

's Clas

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lelkef;dh vxLr & 12 Byju's Classes : 9205881869

lqçhe dksVZ dk U;kf;d <kaps esalqèkkj gsrq fn'kk&funsZ'k

• U;kf;d dk;ksZ ds çHkkoh ç'kklu rFkk ns'kHkj esa vnkyrksads cqfu;knh <kaps esa lqèkkj ds fy, lqçhe dksVZ us 02 vxLr2018 dks u;s fn'kk&funsZ'k tkjh fd,A

• buesa dksVZ ekLVlZ ds :i esa çcaèku is'ksojksa dh fu;qfDr Hkh'kkfey gSA eq[; U;k;kèkh'k tfLVl nhid feJk] tfLVl,,e [kkufoYdj vkSj tfLVl MhokbZ paæpwM+ dh ihB usdgk fd vPNk cqfu;knh <kapk etcwr vkSj LFkk;h U;kf;dç.kkyh ds fy, csgn t:jh gSA

dksVZ eSustj• loksZPp U;k;ky; us funsZ'k fn;k fd O;kolkf;d :i ls

;ksX; dksVZ eSustj dks U;kf;d ftyksa esa vnkyr ç'kklu esalgk;rk ds fy, fu;qDr fd;k tk,xk c'krsZ muds ikl,ech, dh fMxzh gksA

• dksVZ eSustj dk dk;Z vnkyr çcaèku ç.kkyh esa detksfj;ksadh igpku djus esa enn djuk gS rFkk bUgsa lqèkkjus esaO;kogkfjd dne mBk;s tkus ds fy, fliQkfj'k djuk gSA

• dksVZ eSustj ds :i esa dk;Zjr O;fDr dh lsokvksa dks jkT;ljdkj }kjk fu;fer fd;k tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd lqpk#ç'kklfud lsVvi ds fy, budh lgk;rk vko';d gSA

lqçhe dksVZ ds funsZ'k• vnkyrh ç'kklu dh lgk;rk ds fy, U;kf;d ftyksa esa

dksVZ eSustj fu;qDr fd, tkus pkfg, ftuds ikl ,ech,dh fMxzh gksA

• 'kh"kZ vnkyr us lHkh jkT;ksa ds eq[; lfpoksa dks ,d lfefrcukus dk funsZ'k fn;k tks bl fodkl dh ;kstuk cuk,xhA

• bu lfefr;ksa esa dkuwu foHkkx ds lfpo vkSj lacafèkr gkbZdksVZ ds vfèkdkjh 'kkfey gksaxsA

• lqçhe dksVZ us dgk fd vnkyrh ifjljksa ds cqfu;knh <kapsdk Lrj c<+kuk le; dh t:jr gSA 21oha lnh esa ;gvnkyrksa dh cqfu;knh vko';drk gSA

• ihB us lHkh jkT;ksa dks ns'kHkj dh vnkyrksa esa cqfu;knhlqfoèkk,a lqfuf'pr djus dk vkns'k fn;kA

Ñf"k oSKkfud HkrhZ cksMZ ds iquxZBu dks eatwjh

• çèkkuea=kh ujsUæ eksnh dh vè;{krk esa dsUæh; eaf=keaMy usÑf"k oSKkfud HkrhZ cksMZ (,,lvkjch) ds iquxZBu dkseatwjh çnku dhA

iquxZBu ds ckn cksMZ• ,,lvkjch esa vc rhu lnL;ksa ds LFkku ij pkj lnL;

gksaxsA cksMZ esa ,d vè;{k vkSj rhu lnL; gksaxsA• ,,lvkjch rhu o"kks± dh vofèk ;k 65 o"kZ dh vk;q iw.kZ

djus] tks Hkh igys gks] rd gksxhA

• Lok;Ùkrk] xksiuh;rk] mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj ,,lvkjch ds dkjxjlapkyu ds mís'; dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, mls vkbZlh,vkj lsi`Fkd dj fn;k tk,xk rFkk Ñf"k ,oa fdlku dY;k.k ea=kky;ds vèkhu Ñf"k vuqlaèkku ,oa f'k{kk foHkkx ls tksM+ fn;k tk,xkA

• ,,lvkjch dk ctV Hkh vkbZlh,vkj ls i`Fkd djds Ñf"kvuqlaèkku ,oa f'k{kk foHkkx ds vèkhu dj fn;k tk,xkA,,lvkjch dk lfpoky; esa viuk ç'kklfud LVkiQ gksxkvkSj mldk Lora=k ç'kklfud fu;a=k.k gksxkA

çHkko• ,d vè;{k vkSj rhu lnL;ksa okys pkj lnL;h; laLFkk ds

xBu ls ,,lvkjch dk dkedkt nq:Lr gks tk,xkA bldsdkj.k HkrhZ çfØ;k esa rsth vk,xh] tks Ñf"k leqnk; vkSjÑf"k ds fy, iQk;nsean gksxhA blds vykok ns'k esa Ñf"kvuqlaèkku ,oa f'k{kk lacaèkh çeq[k ,tsalh vkbZlh,vkj esafofHkUu oSKkfud inksa ij çfrHkk'kkyh oSKkfudksa dh HkrhZikjn'khZ vkSj dq'ky rjhds ls laHko gksxhA

i`"BHkwfe• uoEcj 1973 esa ljdkj us Ñf"k oSKkfud HkrhZ cksMZ dh

LFkkiuk dks eatwjh nh Fkh] ftlesa ,d iw.kZdkfyd vè;{kdh fu;qfDr 'kkfey FkhA blds rgr Ñf"k vuqlaèkku lsok,oa vuqlaèkku inksa ij fofHkUu oSKkfudksa dh fu;qfDr dslacaèk esa Lora=k HkrhZ ,tsalh ds :i esa dke djuk r; fd;kx;k FkkA ,,lvkjch ds dkedkt esa c<+ksrjh dks è;ku esaj[krs gq, cksMZ ds iquxZBu dk çLrko fd;k x;k FkkA

• bl çLrko dks vDVwcj 1986 esa eaf=keaMy us eatwjh nh Fkhftlds rgr lnL;rk ,d ls c<+kdj rhu dj nh xbZ FkhA1986 esa gq, ,,lvkjch ds iquxZBu ds ckn ls cksMZ dk dkedktc<+rk x;k vkSj Ñf"k foKku ds {ks=k esa mldh Hkwfedk Hkh c<+xbZA rnuqlkj cksMZ ds nk;js dks c<+kus dh vko';drk eglwldh xbZ] ftlds eísut+j vè;{k ,oa vU; lnL;ksa dks fo'ks"kKrkds vkèkkj ij 'kkfey fd;k tkuk r; gqvkA

dk;Zjr f[kykfM+;ksa ds fy, ubZ çksRlkgu uhfr

• dsUæh; jsy ea=kh ih;w"k xks;y us jsyos esa dk;Zjr f[kykfM+;ksadks çksRlkgu ds fy, ,d ubZ uhfr dks eatwjh nh gSA

• ubZ çksRlkgu uhfr ds rgr vksyafid [ksyksa esa ind thrusokys f[kykfM+;ksa ds vykok in~eJh ls uokts tk pqdsleLr f[kykfM+;ksa vkSj dkspksa dks Hkh vfèkdkfj;ksa ds :i esainksUur fd;k tk,xkA

eq[; rF;• vksyafid [ksyksa esa nks ckj f'kjdr dj pqds vkSj ,f'k;kbZ

[ksyksa@jk"VªeaMy [ksyksa esa ind thrus okys f[kykfM+;ksa }kjkbl fn'kk esa fd, x, vFkd ç;klksa dks è;ku esa j[kdjvc mUgsa vfèkdkjh jSad esa inksUur djrs gq, iqjLÑr djusdk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gSA

Byju

's Clas

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• blds vykok jsyos esa dk;Zjr os f[kykM+h Hkh blh rjg lsinksUufr ikus ds gdnkj gksaxs tks vtqZu@jktho xkaèkh [ksyjRu iqjLdkj tSls vge vokMZ ls uokts tk pqds gSaA

• f[kykfM+;ksa ds liQy çn'kZu esa dkspksa ds vge ;ksxnku dks;Fkksfpr :i ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

• ,sls dksbZ Hkh dksp vc ,d vfèkdkjh ds :i esa inksUurgksus ds ;ksX; ekus tk,axs ftuls çf'k{k.k çkIr f[kykfM+;ksa usvksyafid [ksyks a@fo'o di@fo'o pSafi;uf'ki@,f'k;kbZ[ksyksa@jk"VªeaMy [ksyksa dk de ls de rhu ckj indfotsrk çn'kZu jgk gksxk ftuesa vksyafid [ksyksa es de lsde ,d ind thruk Hkh 'kkfey gSA

egRo• ;g mnkj çksRlkgu uhfr ns'k ds çfrf"Br f[kykfM+;ksa@dkspksa

ds fy, ,d çksRlkgu ds :i esa dke djsxh vkSj bldslkFk gh ;g ns'k esa [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, jsyos dhçfrc¼rk dks n'kkZrh gSA

i`"BHkwfe• jk"VªeaMy [ksy 2018 ds ind fotsrkvksa ds fy, jsyos

[ksy laoèkZu cksMZ }kjk vçSy 2018 esa jk"Vªh; jsy laxzgky;esa vk;ksftr vfHkuanu lekjksg esa jsy ea=kh us ?kks"k.kk dh Fkhfd jsyos mYys[kuh; çn'kZu djus okys jsyos ds ,FkyhVksadh tk;t vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, 'kh?kz gh ,dçksRlkgu uhfr dh ?kks"k.kk djsxh ftlds rgr u dsoyf[kykfM+;ksa }kjk thrs x, indksa] cfYd muds }kjk bl fn'kkesa fd, x, vFkd ç;klksa dks Hkh ;Fkksfpr :i ls ljkgktk,xkA

• ea=kh us liQy f[kykfM+;ksa dks rS;kj djus esa dkspksa dh vgeHkwfedk dks Hkh js[kkafdr fd;k FkkA

jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky; foèks;d

• yksdlHkk us 3 vxLr 2018 dks jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky;foèks;d 2018 ikfjr dj fn;k gSA jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky;foèks;d ij lnu esa ppkZ ds ckn èofuer ls ikfjr fd;kx;kA

• [ksy ea=kh duZy jkT;oèkZu jkBkSM+ us foèks;d ij ppkZ dsnkSjku dgk fd bl fo'ofo|ky; esa 'kksèk] ç'kklu] çf'k{k.kvkSj vU; [ksyksa dh xfrfofèk;ksa dk lekos'k gksxkA

• foèks;d yksdlHkk esa 23 tqykbZ 2018 [ksy ea=kh jkT;oèkZuflag jkBkSj }kjk is'k fd;k x;k FkkA ;g jk"Vªh; [ksyfo'ofo|ky; vè;kns'k] 2018 dks çfrLFkkfir djrk gSftls 31 ebZ 2018 dks tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA

mís';• bl foèks;d esa [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsus ds mís'; ls viuh

rjg dk igyk jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky; ef.kiqj esa [kksystkus dk çLrko gSA

foèks;d ls lacafèkr eq[; rF;• jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky; dk eq[;ky; ef.kiqj esa gksxkA• jk"Vªh; [ksy fo'ofo|ky; Hkkjr esa varjjk"Vªh; Lrj dk

igyk iw.kZ fodflr [ksydwn fo'ofo|ky;A

• bl foèks;d esa ns'k ds fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds vykok fons'k esa[ksyksa ds vyx&vyx ifjlj cuk;s tkus dk çkoèkku gSA

• fo'ofo|ky; ds dqykfèkifr vkSj ,dsMsfed dkmafly dslnL; [ksy {ks=k ls gksaxsA

• fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa ogka dh ljdkjksa ls ppkZ djds leqfprlqfoèkk,a ,oa t+ehu feyus ij vkmVykbu dsUæ [kksystk,axsA

• dsaæ ljdkj fo'ofo|ky; dh dk;Zç.kkyh dh leh{kk vkSjfujh{k.k djsxhA dk;Zdkjh ifj"kn fujh{k.k ds fu"d"kks± dsvkèkkj ij dkjZokbZ dj ldrh gSA

• fo'ofo|ky; esa fons'kh çf'k{kdksa dks Hkh cqyk;k tk,xkrkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks muds vuqHko dk ykHk fey ldsA

• fo'ofo|ky; 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa vuqlaèkku djsxk][ksy çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dks etcwr djsxk] vkSj 'kkjhfjdf'k{kk ds {ks=k esa varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij lg;ksx djsxkA

• ef.kiqj esa LFkkfir gksus okys fo'ofo|ky; esa crkSj dqykfèkifrvkSj f'k{kd ds :i esa çfrf"Br f[kykfM+;ksa dks fu;qDrfd;k tk,xkA

• fo'ofo|ky; ns'kHkj esa vkSj Hkkjr ls ckgj Hkh nwjLFkifjlj LFkkfir djus ds fy, l'kDr gksxkA

• blesa 'kS{kf.kd dk;ZØeksa vkSj vuqlaèkku ds vfrfjDr fo'o&fo|ky;ksa ,oa blds nwjLFk dSail mRÑ"V f[kykfM+;ksa] [ksydwninèkkfj;ksa] jsiQfj;ksa vkSj vEik;jksa dks çf'k{k.k fn;k tk,xkA

• ef.kiqj esa jk"Vªh; [ksydwn fo'ofo|ky; cuk;k tk jgk gStks [ksydwn dh fofHkUu foèkkvksa ds jk"Vªh; çf'k{k.k dsaæ ds:i esa dk;Z djus ds lkFk [ksydwn foKku] [ksydwnçkS|ksfxdh] [ksydwn çcaèku] [ksydwn çf'k{k.k rFkk [ksydwnvuqlaèkku ds fy, dke djsxkA bl fo'ofo|ky; dsns'kHkj esa ^nwjLFk ifjlj* (vkmVykbax dSail) [kksys tk,axstks ,u,l;w ds mís'; dks gkfly djus esa ennx+kj gksaxsA

i`"BHkwfe• xkSjryc gS fd ;g foèks;d bl lacaèk esa 31 ebZ dks

jk"Vªifr }kjk ykxw jk"Vªh; [ksydwn fo'ofo|ky; vè;kns'k]2018 dh txg ysxkA

• jk"Vªh; [ksydwn fo'ofo|ky; foèks;d 2017 dks 10 vxLr2017 dks yksdlHkk esa is'k fd;k x;k Fkk ysfdu ;g ikfjrugha gks ldkA

uhfr vk;ksx }kjk êwo gSd* dk 'kqHkkjaHk

• uhfr vk;ksx us oSf'od eksfcyVh gSdFkkWu&ewo gSd dk'kqHkkjaHk fd;k gSA ;g fo'o Lrj ij lcls cM+s gSdFkkWu esals ,d gksxkA

• ewo gSd esa nl fo"k;ksa ij è;ku dsafær fd;k tk,xk vkSjvkWuykbu] flaxkiqj vkSj ubZ fnYyh esa vafre :i ls lapkfyrgksxkA

mís';• uhfr vk;ksx us Hkkjr esa xfr'khyrk ds Hkfo"; ds mís'; ls

oSf'od xfr'khyrk gSdFkkWu&ewo gSd dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;k gSA• ewogSd dk mís'; xfr'khyrk ls lacafèkr leL;kvksa ds fy,

vfHkuo] xfr'khy vkSj ekiuh; lekèkku ykuk gSA

Byju

's Clas

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• 21 oha 'krkCnh ds uokpkj vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl ds laHkkforpkydksa ds :i esa ifjogu vkSj xfr'khyrk mHkj dj lkeusvkbZ gSA

eq[; rF;• xfr'khyrk lsokvksa dks forfjr djus ds fy, rsth ls

fodflr gks jgh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa vkSj O;kolkf;d ekWMy esaoSf'od ifjogu {ks=k dks cnyus dh {kerk gSA

• iSny ;k=kh vkSj O;fDrxr ifjogu ls lkoZtfud ifjogu vkSjeky <qykbZ rd dh xfr'khyrk vR;ar egRoiw.kZ gS vkSj ;gxzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh nSfud thou dks çHkkfor djrh gSA

• ewo gSd ls vis{kkÑr xfr'khyrk ls lacafèkr pqukSfr;ksa dsfy, vxz.kh vkSj ljy lekèkkuksa dks lqy>kus dh mEehn gSvkSj ,dhÑr] var%LFkkfir vkSj vkfo"dkj'khy oSf'odleqnk; ds fodkl ds fy, ekxZ ç'kLr fd;k tk,xkA

gSdFkkWu nks&Lrjh;• tLV dksM bV% çkS|ksfxdh@mRikn@lkWÝVos;j vkSj MsVk fo'ys"k.k

esa] uokpkjksa ds ekè;e ls lekèkku fd;k tk,xkA• tLV lkYo bV% vfHkuo O;kolkf;d fopkj ;k fVdkÅ

lekèkku çkS|ksfxdh ds ekè;e ls xfr'khyrk cqfu;knh <kapsdks cnyuk ij lapkfyr fd;k tk,xkA

ewo gSd lHkh ns'kks ds ukxfjdks ds fy, [kqyk• ewo gSd lHkh ns'kks ds ukxfjdks ds fy, [kqyk gSA• vkWuykbu vkosnu ds 'kh"kZ rhl ny flaxkiqj dh 1 vkSj 2

flracj 2018 dks ;k=kk djsaxs] vkSj bUgs 'kh"kZ fo'ks"kKksa ds,d D;wjsVsM lewg }kjk lykg nh tk,xhA

• bles nyksa dks vkÑfr lqèkkj] O;kikj O;ogk;Zrk] rduhdhlekèkku vkSj xzkgd y{;[email protected] lfgr dbZ ekinaMksaij lykg nh tk,xhA 5 vkSj 6 flracj 2018 dks ubZ fnYyhesa vk;ksftr vafre nkSj esa flaxkiqj pj.k ds 'kh"kZ 20 nyHkkx ysaxsA

fotsrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk• uhfr vk;ksx }kjk 7 vkSj 8 flracj 2018 dks vk;ksftr ewo

f'k[kj lEesyu 2018 esa fotsrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk dh tk,xhvkSj bldk mn~?kkVu çèkkuea=kh ujsUæ djsaxsA

• gSdFkkWu ds fy, 'kh"kZ 10 fotsrkvksa dks pquk tk,xk vkSjblesa 2 djksM+ ls vfèkd dh iqjLdkj jkf'k çnku dhtk,xhA

gSdFkkWu flaxkiqj ljdkj ds lkFk la;qDr :i ls vk;ksftr• gSdFkkWu flaxkiqj ljdkj ds lkFk la;qDr :i ls vk;ksftr

fd;k tk,xk gS vkSj bldk lapkyu gSdj vFkZ }kjk fd;ktk,xkA

• dk;ZØe esa ihMCY;wlh Kku Hkkxhnkj vkSj usLdke j.kuhfrdlk>snkj gSA bldk ewY;kadu ,d twjh }kjk fd;k tk,xkftlesa fo"k; fo'ks"kK fo'ks"kK] m|e iwathifr] O;kikfjdusrk vkSj liQy m|eh 'kkfey gksaxsA

ewo gSd• ewo gSd nqfu;k dk igyk eap gS ftlus lkoZtfud ifjogu]

futh ifjogu] lM+d lqj{kk] cgqvk;keh dusfDVfoVh vkSj'kwU; mRltZu okguksa tSlh ubZ vk;q ifjogu çkS|ksfxdh dks'kkfey fd;k gSA

yksdlHkk esa vkschlh vk;ksx dkslaoSèkkfud ntkZ nsus gsrq foèks;d ikfjr

• yksdlHkk esa vU; fiNM+k oxZ (vkschlh) vk;ksx dks laoSèkkfudntkZ nsus dk foèks;d loZlEefr ls ikfjr gks x;kA yksdlHkkesa nks frgkbZ ls vfèkd cgqer ds lkFk loZlEefr ls eatwjhçnku dh xbZA

• yksdlHkk us jkT;lHkk }kjk foèks;d esa fd, x, la'kksèkuksadks fujLr djrs gq, oSdfYid la'kksèku rFkk vkSj la'kksèkuksads lkFk ^lafoèkku la'kksèku (123oka la'kksèku) foèks;d]2017* ikfjr dj fn;kA

eq[; rF;• lnu esa erfoHkktu ds nkSjku foèks;d ds i{k esa 406

lnL;ksa us er fn;kA foi{k esa ,d Hkh oksV ugha iM+kA• ljdkj ds la'kksèkuksa dks Hkh loZlEefr ls Lohdkj dj fy;k

x;kA• yksdlHkk esa djhc ikap ?kaVs rd pyh ppkZ ds nkSjku 32

lnL;ksa us fgLlk fy;kA foèks;d ds ikfjr gksrs le;çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh lnu esa mifLFkr FksA

• blls igys chtw turk ny ds Hkr`Zgfj egrkc }kjk is'kla'kksèku dks lnu us 84 ds eqdkcys 302 erksa ls udkjfn;kA

• dsaæ ljdkj us ekpZ 2017 esa jk"Vªh; fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx(,ulhchlh) dks Hkax dj fn;k FkkA blds ckn jk"Vªh;vkfFkZd vkSj 'kS{kf.kd fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx (,ulh,lbZchlh)ds xBu dks eatwjh nh xbZ FkhA

vkschlh vk;ksx dh fo'ks"krk,a• vU; fiNM+k oxZ (vkschlh) vk;ksx flfoy dksVZ dh

'kfDr;ksa ls ySl gksxkA bl 'kfDr ls og vkjksih dks leudj ldrk gS rFkk lt+k Hkh lquk ldrk gSA ;g mlh rjgdk;Z djsxk tSls fd jk"Vªh; vuqlwfpr tkfr vk;ksx djrkgSA

• vkschlh esa 'kkfey tkfr;ksa ij ;fn mlls mPp tkfr dkO;fDr vR;kpkj djrk gS vkSj mldh iqfyl lquokbZ ughadjrh gS rks og vk;ksx dk njoktk [kV[kVk ldrk gSAvkschlh tkfr ds vkèkkj ij ;fn mlls ukSdjh esa dksbZHksnHkko gksrk gS rks og vk;ksx tk ldrk gSA mls mlh rjgdh lgk;rk feysxh tSls vuqlwfpr tkfr vk;ksx esa nfyrksadks feyrh gSA

vkschlh vk;ksx dk xBu• Hkkjr ds lafoèkku vkSj yksdlHkk }kjk ;Fkkikfjr rFkk la'kksèku

ds lkFk jkT;lHkk }kjk ykSVk, x, foèks;d esa i`"B ,d dhiafDr ,d esa ^vM+lBosa* ds LFkku ij ^mugÙkjosa* 'kCnçfrLFkkfir djus dh ckr dgh xbZ gSA

• blesa lkekftd ,oa 'kS{kf.kd n`f"V ls fiNM+s oxksZ ds fy,jk"Vªh; fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx uked ,d u;k vk;ksx gksxkA

• laln }kjk bl fufeÙk cukbZ xbZ fdlh fofèk ds micaèkksa dsvè;èkhu vk;ksx esa ,d vè;{k] mikè;{k vkSj rhu vU;lnL; gksaxsA

Byju

's Clas

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• bl çdkj fu;qDr vè;{k] mikè;{k vkSj vU; lnL;ksa dhlsok 'krs± ,oa inkofèk ,slh gksxh tks jk"Vªifr fu;e }kjkvoèkkfjr djsA

• vk;ksx dks viuh Lo;a dh çfØ;k fofu;fer djus dh'kfDr gksxhA

,iQvkjMhvkb fcy gksxk okil

• ljdkj us fookfnr ,iQvkjMhvkb foèks;d okil ysus dkiQSlyk fy;k gSA çLrkfor dkuwu dh tkap dj jgh lalnh;lfefr ds ps;jeSu dks bl lacaèk esa lwfpr dj fn;k gSAdsaæh; eaf=keaMy us bl eghus ds 'kq: esa foèks;d okilysus dk iQSlyk fy;k FkkA

• foèks;d ds csy&bu Dykmt ij usrkvksa lfgr yksxksa usviuh fpark tkfgj dh FkhA csy&bu Dykmt ls tekdrkZvksads fgrksa dks uqdlku igqapus dk Mj FkkA r`.kewy dkaxzsl dsusrk lkSxkr jk; us yksdlHkk esa dgk fd dk;Zokgd foÙkea=kh ih;w"k xks;y us la;qDr lalnh; lfefr ds ps;jeSu dksi=k fy[kk gSA mUgksaus dgk gS fd ljdkj us foÙkh; lekèkku,oa tek chek (,iQvkjMhvkb) foèks;d okil ysus dkiQSlyk fy;k gSA

• yksdlHkk esa Í.k'kksèku {kerk ,oa fnokfy;k dksM (nwljkla'kksèku) foèks;d ij eaxyokj dks cgl esa fgLlk ysrs gq,lkSxkr jk; us dgk] êa=kh ih;w"k xks;y us lfefr dsps;jeSu dks fy[kk gS fd ljdkj us foèks;d okil ysus dkiQSlyk fy;k gSA ;g foi{k dh thr gSA*

• cSad [kkrs esa tek èku dks igqap ldrk Fkk uqdlku % fiNyso"kZ 11 vxLr dks yksdlHkk esa ;g foèks;d is'k fd;k x;kFkkA blesa csy&bu Dykmt gS ftlds ckjs esa dqN fo'ks"kKksadk ekuuk gS fd blls cpr cSad [kkrs esa tek dks uqdlkuigqapus dh iwjh laHkkouk gSA fpark dks è;ku esa j[krs gq,ljdkj us foèks;d dks Hkktik ds Hkwisaæ ;kno dh vè;{krkokyh la;qDr lalnh; lfefr ds ikl Hkst fn;k FkkA

D;k gS csy&bu Dykmt• foèks;d esa 'kkfey csy&bu Dykmt cSad iQsy gksus dh

fLFkfr esa lekèkku dh ,d O;oLFkk gSA cSad iQsy gksus ijtekdrkZvksa dks nkos esa deh djuh gksrhA bl çkoèkku us;g fpark iSnk dj nh fd tek èku dk bLrseky iQsy gksusokys cSadksa ds csyvkmV ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA

,dhÑr Ñf"k ç.kkyh ls c<+sxh fdlkuksa dh vk;

• Ñf"k ea=kh jkèkk eksgu flag us lkalnksa ls dgk fd os jkT;ksals LFkku fo'ks"k dsfUær ,dhÑr Ñf"k iz.kkyh (vkbZ,iQ,l)dks c<+kok nsus dk vkxzg djsa rkfd 2022 rd fdlkuksa dhvk; nksxquk djus ds y{; dks gkfly fd;k tk ldsA

• mUgksaus dgk fd ,dhÑr Ñf"k iz.kkyh iqupZØ.k] ikfjokfjdiks"k.k] ikfjfLFkfrd lqj{kk vkSj jkstxkj l`tu ds ekè;e lsmRiknu c<+kus] equkiQs vkSj ykxr esa deh djus esa lgk;dgSA

• flag us Ñf"k ea=kky; esa vk;ksftr lalnh; ijke'kZ lfefrdh cSBd esa dgk] ^^Hkkjr ds [kk| ,oa iks"k.k lqj{kk dkslqfuf'pr djus esa NksVs [ksr (2 gsDVs;j rd) çeq[k gSaAblfy,] LFkku fo'ks"k ,dhdj.k vko';d gSA**

• mUgksaus lkalnksa dks crk;k fd iQly mRiknu ds lkFk&lkFkMs;jh vkSj eqxhZikyu tSlh vU; Ñf"k xfrfofèk;ksa ls fdlkuksadh vk; c<+sxhA ,dhÑr Ñf"k iz.kkyh esa bu xfrfofèk;ksadks c<+kok fn;k x;k gSA

• Ñf"k ea=kh us dgk fd dsaæ oSKkfud vkèkkj ij rS;kj,dhÑr iz.kkyh dks c<+kok ns jgk gSA mUgksaus lkalnksa lsvkbZ,iQ,l ekMy dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, jkT;ksa ij tksjMkyus dks vuqjksèk fd;k gSA

• mUgksaus 2017& 18 ds vkfFkZd lozs{k.k dk gokyk nsrs gq,dgk fd fdlkuksa dh vk; esa iQly mRiknu ls c<+us okykfgLlk dsoy ,d çfr'kr jgk gS tcfd nl lky ds nkSjkui'kqèku ls c<+us okyh vk; lkr çfr'kr c<+h gSA

lks'ky ehfM;k dh fuxjkuh ijlqizhe dksVZ dh vkifÙk

• ns'k ds ^lfoZykal LVsV* cuus tSlh lqçhe dksVZ dh l[rfVIi.kh ds ckn dsaæ ljdkj us lwpuk ,oa çlkj.k ea=kky;ds fy, çLrkfor lks'ky ehfM;k gc cukus ds iQSlys lsdne okil [khap fy, gSaA ;kuh ljdkj fiQygky lks'kyehfM;k dh fuxjkuh ugha djsxhA bl iQSlys ls lacafèkrvfèklwpuk Hkh ljdkj us okil ys yh gSA

• lqçhe dksVZ esa 'kqØokj dks ;g tkudkjh nsrs gq, ljdkj usdgk fd og lks'ky ehfM;k uhfr dh iw.kZ leh{kk djsxhA

• çèkku U;k;kèkh'k tfLVl nhid feJ dh vè;{krk okyhihB us dsaæ ljdkj dh vksj ls is'k vVkWuhZ tujy dsdsos.kqxksiky dh mDr nyhy ij ;kfpdk fuLrkfjr djus dkiQSlyk fd;kA gkykafd] ljdkj us vius fjDosLV iQkWjçiksty (vkj,iQih) esa lks'ky ehfM;k dE;wfuds'ku gc*dh LFkkiuk ds fy, ,tsalh dk pquko djus dh [kkfrjfufonk,a vkSj çLrko vkeaf=kr dj fy, FksA

• çèkku U;k;kèkh'k dh ihB if'pe caxky dh r`.kewy dkaxzslfoèkk;d egqvk eksb=k dh ;kfpdk ij lquokbZ dj jgh FkhAblesa mUgksaus vkjksi yxk;k Fkk fd çLrkfor gc dk bLrsekyukxfjdksa dh vkWuykbu xfrfofèk;ksa ij fuxjkuh j[kus dsfy, fd;k tk,xk] blfy, bls [kkfjt dj fn;k tkukpkfg,A

• bl ij 'kh"kZ vnkyr us 13 tqykbZ dks ljdkj ls iwNk HkhFkk fd D;k bl gc dh LFkkiuk dk edln yksxksa dsokV~l,i lans'kksa ij utj j[kuk gS\ lkFk gh vnkyr usfVIi.kh dh Fkh fd ,sls rks ;g ns'k ^lfoZykal LVsV* cutk,xkA egqvk eksb=k dk dguk Fkk fd ljdkj us vkj,iQihHkh tkjh dj fn;k gS vkSj 20 vxLr dks ,sls lkWÝVos;j dsfy, fufonk,a [kksyh tk,axha tks okV~l,i] fV~oVj vkSjbaLVkxzke tSls lks'ky ehfM;k eapksa dh 360 fMxzh fuxjkuhvkSj bZesy lkexzh dks VªSd dj ldsxkA

Byju

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• lkoZtfud {ks=k ds miØe ^czkWMdkLV bathfu;fjax dalYVsaVbafM;k fyfeVsM* us ebZ esa bl ifj;kstuk ds fy, lkWÝVos;jdh vkiwfrZ ds fy, fufonk,a ekaxh FkhaA fiNys eghus lwpuk,oa çlkj.k jkT;ea=kh jkT;oèkZu flag jkBkSM+ us dgk Fkk]^yksxksa dh futrk vkSj vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk ds vfèkdkj*esa lsaèk yxkus dk dksbZ çLrko ugha gSA

• lks'ky ehfM;k gc cukus dk çLrko ljdkj us viuhuhfr;ksa dh lwpuk lks'ky ehfM;k eapksa ds tfj;s çlkfjrdjus ds fy, fd;k gSA

d'ehj esa vuqPNsn 35, vkSj fl;klr

• tEew&d'ehj esa vuqPNsn 35, dh laoSèkkfudrk ds lokyij lqçhe dksVZ esa lkseokj dks lquokbZ gksuh gSA fiNys lkyrRdkyhu egcwck eqÝrh ljdkj us jkT; esa dkuwu ,oaO;oLFkk dk gokyk nsdj lquokbZ Vkyus dk vkxzg fd;k FkkA

• vc jk"Vªifr 'kklu esa vklkj blds utj vk jgs gSa fdiapk;r pqukoksa ds dkj.k lquokbZ vkxs c<+kus dk vkxzgfd;k tk ldrk gSA jkT; ds nks çeq[k ny egcwck eqÝrhdh ihiqYl MseksØsfVd ikVhZ (ihMhih) vkSj mej vCnqYykdh us'kuy dkaizQsal (,ulh) 35, gVk, tkus ds f[kykiQgSa] tcfd Hkktik dk #[k blds myV gSA

• fl;klr ds tkudkjksa dk ekuuk gS fd 35, fliQZ laoSèkkfudçkoèkku] cfYd jktuhfrd elyk cu pqdk gSA blds ihNsoksV cSad dh fl;klr gSA foèkkulHkk dh 87 esa ls 37 lhVsatEew laHkkx dh gSa] ftuesa ls 20 ij eqfLye oksVj vgfe;rj[krs gSaA

• d'ehj laHkkx esa 46 vkSj yík[k dh pkj esa ls nks lhVksa ijeqfLye oksVj çR;k'kh dh thr esa vge gSaA

• ,ulh vkSj ihMhih dh fl;klr d'ehj dsafær gSA budkjktuhfrd ,tsaMk vkWVksukeh vkSj lsYiQ :y gSA dkaxzsl usbl eqís dks U;k;ky; ij NksM+ fn;k gSA Hkktik 35, dksgVkus ds i{k esa gSA

• loksZPp U;k;ky; esa ftl laxBu oh n flVhtUl laLFkk us35, ds eqís ij tufgr ;kfpdk nk;j dh gS] og vkj,l,lls lacafèkr crkbZ tk jgh gSA xBcaèku ljdkj esa jgrs gq,Hkktik us 35, gVkus dks ysdj T;knk tksj ugha fn;k FkkAgkykafd vc çns'k Hkktik vè;{k jfoaæ jSuk dgrs gSa fd35, izQkWM gSA

• d'ehj ekeyksa ds tkudkj vgen vyh iQS;kt ds vuqlkjvuqPNsn 370 gks ;k 35,] nksuksa dks u rks vklkuh ls dsaæljdkj Hkax dj ldrh gS vkSj u dksVZ] D;ksafd d'ehj esavyxkookn ,d cM+k [krjk gSA

• 35, ds leFkZu esa d'ehj dh vktknh fczxsM % d'ehj dsvyxkooknh gh ugha] vkradh laxBu Hkh 35, dk leFkZudjrs gSa] tcfd ;g vuqPNsn Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk fgLlkgS] tEew&d'ehj ds lafoèkku dk ughaA bls d'ehj dhvktknh fczxsM dk nksgjkiu gh dgk tk,xk fd og Hkkjrh;lafoèkku dks rks udkjrh gS] ysfdu vius iQk;ns okysçkoèkkuksa dks ysdj bldk leFkZu djrh gSA

• vyxkookfn;ksa dks Mj gS fd vuqPNsn 35, gVus ls d'ehjesa Hkkjr ds fofHkUu fgLlksa ls yksx vkdj clsaxs] ftuesa lsvfèkdka'k xSj&eqfLye gksaxs vkSj blls d'ehj esa vyxkooknh,tsaMk detksj iM+sxkA

• 1954 esa ykxw gqvk Fkk vuqPNsn % Hkkjrh; lafoèkkudk vuqPNsn 35, rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr MkW- jktsaæ çlkn us,d vkns'k tkjh dj 14 ebZ 1954 dks ykxw fd;k x;kFkkA

• bl vuqPNsn ds tfj;s ogka dh foèkkulHkk dks jkT; dsLFkk;h fuoklh dh ifjHkk"kk r; djus dk vfèkdkj feyrkgSA blds vykok ukxfjd dks feyus okyh lqfoèkkvksa tSlsjkT; esa jkstxkj] LFkk;h laifÙk dh [kjhn djuk] jkT; esacluk] Nk=ko`fÙk dh lqfoèkk vkSj jkT; ljdkj dh ;kstukvksadk ykHk ds fy, fu;e cuk ldrh gSA

xSj&ikjaifjd gkbMªksdkcZu dh [kkst vkSjnksgu ds fy, uhfr&:ijs[kk dks eatwjh

• çèkkuea=kh ujsUæ eksnh dh vè;{krk esa eaf=keaMy us 'ksyvkW;y@xSl] dksy csM ehFksu bR;kfn xSj&ikjaifjd gkbMªksdkcZudh [kkst vkSj nksgu (Tapping) ds fy, uhfr&:ijs[kk dkseatwjh ns nh gSA

• ekStwnk jdcs esa xSj&ikjaifjd gkbMªksdkcZu dh {kerk dknksgu djus ds lacaèk esa ykblsalèkkjh@iêkèkkjh ekStwnk Bsdsnkjksadks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, orZeku mRiknu lk>snkjh lafonkvksa]lhoh,e lafonkvksa vkSj ukfer {ks=kksa ds rgr bldk vuqikyufd;k tk,xkA

D;k gksxk vlj• bl uhfr ls orZeku lafonk {ks=kksa esa laHkkfor gkbMªksdkcZu

HkaMkjksa ds mi;ksx ds fy, {kerk c<+sxh] tks vc rd [kkstsugha x;s Fks vkSj ftudk nksgu ugha gqvk FkkA

• bl uhfr ds dk;kZUo;u ls ubZ gkbMªksdkcZu [kkstksa ds lacaèkesa vUos"k.k (Exploration) vkSj mRiknu xfrfofèk;ksa esau;k fuos'k rFkk ifj.kkeLo:i ?kjsyw mRiknu esa c<+ksrjhgksxhA

• vfrfjDr gkbMªksdkcZu lalkèkuksa dh [kkst vkSj nksgu ls u;sfuos'k esa rsth vkus] vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa esa btkiQk gksus]vfrfjDr jkstxkj l`tu gksus dh vk'kk gS] ftlls lekt dsfofHkUu oxks± dks ykHk gksxkA

jkT; ÅtkZ {kerk rS;kjh lwpdkad

• tyok;q ifjorZu ls lEcafèkr çfrc¼rkvksa dks iwjk djus dsfy, ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks (Bureau of Energy Efficiency)

us ns'k dk igyk jkT; ÅtkZ {kerk rS;kjh lwpdkad (state

energy efficiency preparedness index) rS;kj fd;kgSA

• ;g lwpdkad ns'k ds lHkh jkT;ksa esa ÅtkZ mRltZu ds çcaèkuesa gksus okyh çxfr dks VSx djus] jkT;ksa ds chp çfr;ksfxrkdks çksRlkfgr djus esa lgk;rk çnku djsxkA

Byju

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• lwpdkad dk egRo % ;g lwpdkad ,d ,sls ns'k ds fy,csgn t:jh gS tks vesfjdk vkSj phu ds ckn xzhu gkmlxSlksa dk lcls cM+k mRltZd gS vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu lsgksus okys ifj.kkeksa dk lkeuk djus ds fy, lcls detksjns'kksa esa ls ,d gSA

ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks (Bureau of Energy Efficiency)

• Hkkjr ljdkj us ÅtkZ laj{k.k vfèkfu;e] 2001 ds rgr 1ekpZ 2002 dks ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks dh LFkkiuk dhA

• bldk y{; ÅtkZ laj{k.k vfèkfu;e] 2001 ds lexz <kapsds vanj Lo&fofu;e vkSj cktkj fl¼karksa ij egRo nsrs gq,,slh uhfr;ksa ds fodkl esa lgk;rk çnku djuk gS] ftudkçeq[k y{; Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa ÅtkZ dh xgurk dksde djuk gSA

mRÑ"V lkaln iqjLdkj 2013&2017

• jkT;lHkk esa foi{kh usrk xqyke uch vktkn] ef.kiqj dhjkT;iky utek gsirqYyk vkSj chtn lkaln Hk`rqgfj egrkcdks 1 vxLr 2018 dks jk"Vªifr jkeukFk dksfoan us mRÑ"Vlkaln iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;kA

• bl nkSjku çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh lesr vU; x.kekU; ekStwnjgsA

iqjLdkj dk fooj.k• jkT;lHkk dh iwoZ lnL; gsirqYyk dks o"kZ 2013 vkSj

yksdlHkk lnL; gqdqenso ukjk;.k ;kno dks lky 2014 dsfy, bl iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA [k+kl ckr ;gjgh fd nksuksa gh chtsih ls gSaA

• blds vfrfjDr xqyke uch vktkn dks lky 2015]r`.kewy dkaxzsl lkaln fnus'k f=kosnh dks lky 2016 vkSjegrkc dks lky 2017 ds fy, ;g mRÑ"V lEekfur fn;kx;kA

• bues 2 Hkktik ds vkSj 3 foi{k ds usrk gSaA• ikapksa usrkvksa dks jk"Vªifr jkeukFk dksfoan us laln Hkou esa

,d dk;ZØe esa lEekfur fd;kA blesa çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh]mi jk"Vªifr ,e osadS;k uk;Mw vkSj yksdlHkk Lihdj lqfe=kkegktu Hkh ekStwn jgsA

;g Hkh tkusa• mRÑ"V lkaln iqjLdkj 1995 esa 'kq: fd, x, FksA• vkbZihth }kjk ;g iqjLdkj ikus okys igys lnL; lektoknh

turk ikVhZ ds paæ'ks[kj FksA• ;g lewg Hkkjr ds varj&lalnh; la?k (vkbZih;w) ds :i esa

Hkh dk;Z djrk gSA• vc rd 19 lkalnksa dks ;g lEeku fey pqdk gSA

,u,p,vkbZ vkSj ,lchvkbZ ds eè; le>kSrk

• Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k (NHAI) us 25]000djksM+ #i, ds nh?kZdkyhu dtZ dks ysdj Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad(SBI) ds lkFk le>kSrk fd;kA

• ;g ,lchvkbZ }kjk fdlh Hkh daiuh dks fn;k tkus okykfcuk xkjaVh okyk (vlqjf{kr) lcls cM+k dtZ gSA ,u,p,vkbZdks ,lchvkbZ ls fn;k tkuk okyk ;g vc rd dk lclscM+k Í.k gksxkA fcuk tekur dk ;s nl o"khZ; dtZ iwjhrjg ,u,p,vkb dks mldh lk[k vkSj jsfVax ds vkèkkj ijfey jgk gSA

eq[; rF;• ,u,p,vkbZ dks ,lchvkbZ ls 10 lky ds fy;s 25]000

djksM+ #i, dk fcuk xkjaVh okyk dtZ fey jgk gSA• 'kq: ds rhu lky dtZ dk Hkqxrku ugha djuk gksxkA fdlh

Hkh laLFkku }kjk ,d ckj esa ,u,p,vkbZ dks eatwj ;g vcrd dk lcls cM+k dtZ gSA

• ,lchvkbZ us ,d eghus dh dks"k dh lhekar ykxr vkèkkfjrC;kt nj (,elh,yvkj) ij iwjh jkf'k 25]000 djksM+ #i,dk dtZ nsus dh is'kd'k dhA

• igys rhu lky esa ewy jkf'k ds Hkqxrku dh t:jr ugha gSvkSj mlds ckn Nekgh vkèkkj ij 14 leku fdLrksa esa jkf'kykSVk;h tk,xhA

• ,u,p,vkbZ dks iwjh jkf'k 31 ekpZ 2019 rd fey tk,xhA,u,p,vkb pkgs ftruh ckj esa pkgs ;s jde fudky ldrkgSA

• ,u,p,vkb dh vksj ls C;kt dh jde ekfld vkèkkj ijpqdkbZ tk,xhA

• ,u,p,vkb dks brus cM+s dtZ dh t:jr lM+d fuekZ.k][kkldj Hkkjrekyk ls tqM+h ifj;kstukvksa dh jÝrkj c<+kusds fy, iM+h gSA

jk"Vªh; jktekxZ ds ckjs esa• Hkkjr ds jk"Vªh; jktekxZ] Hkkjr dh dsUæh; ljdkj }kjk

laLFkkfir vkSj lEHkkys tkuh okyh yach nwjh dh lM+dsa gSA• Hkkjr ds jktekxksZ dh dqy nwjh yxHkx 122434 fdeh gS]

ftles ls dsoy 4]885 fdeh dh lM+dks ds eè; iDdkfoHkktu cuk;k x;k gSA

• jktekxksZ dh yackbZ Hkkjr ds lM+dks dk ek=k 2 izfr'kr gS]ysfdu ;g dqy ;krk;kr dk yxHkx 40 izfr'kr Hkkj mBkrsgSA

• dqN 'kgjks ds chp 4 vkSj 6 iafDr;ksa ds jktekxksZ dk Hkhfodkl gqvkA

• Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k jktekxZ jk"Vªh; jktekxZ 7 (NH7) gS]tks mÙkj çns'k ds okjk.klh 'kgj dks Hkkjr ds nf{k.kh dksus]rfeyukMq ds dU;kdqekjh 'kgj ds lkFk tksM+rk gSA bldhyackbZ 2369 fdeh gSA

Byju

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Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k (,u,p,vkbZ)• Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k dsaæh; lM+d ifjogu

vkSj jktekxZ ea=kky; ds vèkhu dke djrk gSA• bldk dk;Z bls lkSais x, jk"Vªh; jktekxks± dk fodkl]

j[kj[kko vkSj çcUèku djuk vkSj blls tqM+s gq, vFkokvkuq"kafxd ekeyksa dks ns[kuk gSA

• Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k dk xBu laln ds ,dvfèkfu;e] Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e]1988 ds }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA

• çkfèkdj.k us iQjojh 1995 esa iw.kZdkfyd vè;{k vkSj vU;lnL;ksa dh fu;qfDr ds lkFk dk;Z djuk 'kq: fd;kA

dj NwV dh vfèklwpuk esa vLi"Vrk ls jktLodks iQk;nk gksuk pkfg,% lqçhe dksVZ

• lqçhe dksVZ us iQSlyk fn;k gS fd dj NwV vfèklwpukvksa esavLi"Vrk dk jktLo ds i{k esa O;k[;k dh tkuh pkfg,vkSj fuèkkZfjrh dks ykHk ugha nsuk gSA

• ;g fu.kZ; U;k;ewfrZ jatu xksxksbZ dh vè;{krk esa ikapU;k;kèkh'kh; lafoèkku [kaMihB }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA [kaMihBds vU; lnL;ksa esa tfLVl ,u oh jkekuk] vkj cuqerh] ,e,e 'kkaruxkSnj vkSj ,l vCnqy ukt+hj 'kkfey FksA

• lqçhe dksVZ us dj NwV lacaèkh viuk 21 lky iqjkuk ,dfu.kZ; cnyrs gq, O;oLFkk nh gS fd VSDl esa NwV ls lacafèkrvfèklwpuk esa fdlh çdkj dh vLi"Vrk dh fLFkfr esabldk O;k[;k dk ykHk 'kklu ds i{k esa fd;k tkukpkfg,A

vfèklwpuk ls lacafèkr eq[; rF;• lafoèkku csap us dgk fd ljdkj dh dj NwV vfèklwpuk esa

vLi"Vrk gS tks l[r O;k[;k ds vèkhu gS] bl rjg dsvLi"Vrk dk ykHk fo"k; @ fuèkkZfjrh }kjk nkok ugha fd;ktk ldrk gS vkSj bls jktLo ds i{k esa O;k[;k fd;k tkukpkfg,A

• lafoèkku [kaMihB us dgk fd NwV vfèklwpuk dk l[rh lsO;k[;k fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj bldh ç;ksT;rk lkfcrdjus dk cks> fuèkkZfjrh ij gksxk fd ;g ekeyk NwV [kaM;k vfèklwpuk ds ekudksa ds Hkhrj vk tk,xkA

• lu fu;kZr fuxe ekeys esa] ,d rhu U;k;kèkh'kh;[kaMihB us iQSlyk fn;k Fkk fd dj NwV çkoèkku ;kvfèklwpuk esa vLi"Vrk dk vFkZ O;k[;k fd;k tkuk pkfg,rkfd fuèkkZfjrh ds i{k esa bl NwV ds ykHk dk nkok fd;ktk ldsA

• lafoèkku ihB ds iQSlys esa dgk x;k gS fd igys fn, x,iQSlys ls Hkze mRiUu gks x;k Fkk vkSj d+kuwuh :i lsvlarks"kçn fLFkfr iSnk gks xbZ FkhA

i`"BHkwfe%• lu fu;kZr fuxe] ckWEcs cuke dLVEl vkWiQ dLVEl]

ckWEcs] (o"kZ 1997) esa vuqikr dh 'kq¼rk dh tkap djus dsfy, fd, x, lanHkZ ij U;k;ewfrZ jkeku us 82 i`"B dsiQSlys dh jpuk dh FkhA

• vnkyr us lhek 'kqYd fuxe] dysDVj vkWiQ dLVEl]ckWEcs ds ekeys dh lquokbZ djrs gq, iQSlyk lquk;kFkkA

• lqçhe dksVZ dh rhu lnL;h; [kaMihB us o"kZ 1997 esa viusfu.kZ; esa dgk Fkk fd VSDl ls NwV lacaèkh fdlh çkoèkku ;kvfèklwpuk dks ysdj vLi"Vrk gksus dh fLFkfr esa bldsykHk dk nkok djus okys dj nkrk ds i{k esa bldh O;k[;kdh tkuh pkfg,A

vesfjdk }kjk fu;kZr fu;a=k.k O;oLFkk esaHkkjr ds Lrj essa o`f¼

• vesfjdk us Hkkjr dks lkefjd O;kikj çkfèkdj.k&1(,lVh,&1) ns'k dk ntkZ nsdj mlds fy, gkbZ&VsdçkWMDV~l dh fcØh ds fy, fu;kZr fu;a=k.k esa NwV çnkudhA Hkkjr ,dek=k nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ ns'k gS] ftls bl lwph esa'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA

• o"kZ 2016 esa Hkkjr dks vesfjdk ds ^çeq[k j{kk lg;ksxh*ds :i esa ekU;rk feyus ds ckn mls ,lVh,&1 dk ntkZgkfly gqvk gSA ogha] vesfjdk us varjjk"Vªh; eqæk dks"k(vkbZ,e,iQ) dks ikfdLrku dks jkgr iSdst nsus dk vkxzgfd;k gSA

vesfjdh ?kks"k.kk ds eq[; fcanq• vesfjdk ds okf.kT; ea=kh foycj jkWl us dgk fd ^geus

Hkkjr dks lkefjd O;kikj çkfèkdj.k ,lVh,&1 dk ntkZçnku fd;k gSA fu;kZr fu;a=k.k O;oLFkk esa Hkkjr dh fLFkfresa ;g ^,d egRoiw.kZ cnyko* gSA*

• ;w,l pSaclZ vkWiQ dkWelZ }kjk vk;ksftr Hkkjr&ç'kkar fctuliQksje ds igys vk;kstu esa jkWl us dgk fd ,lVh,&1 ntkZHkkjr&vesfjdk ds lqj{kk vkSj vkfFkZd lacaèkksa dks êkU;rk*nsrk gSA

• ;g ntkZ okf.kT; fu;a=k.k lwph (lhlh,y) esa fufnZ"VoLrqvksa ds fu;kZr] iqu% fu;kZr vkSj gLrkarj.k dh vuqefrnsrk gSA

• orZeku esa bl lwph esa 36 ns'k gSa ftuesa T;knkrj ukVks (ukWFkZvVykafVd VªhVh vkWxZukbts'ku) esa 'kkfey ns'k gSaA

• Hkkjr blesa 'kkfey gksusokyk ,dek=k nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ ns'kgSA vU; ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa esa tkiku vkSj nf{k.k dksfj;k 'kkfeygSaA

Hkkjr dks gksus okys ykHk• Hkkjr&vesfjdk ls vR;kèkqfud vkSj laosnu'khy çkS|ksfxdh

[kjhnus esa vfèkd vklkuh gksxhA• blls }hi{kh; lqj{kk O;kikj fj'rs dks foLrkj feysxk]

ftlds ifj.kkLo:i Hkkjr esa vesfjdk ls gksusokys fu;kZr esao`f¼ gksxhA

• ,lVh,&1 ls Hkkjr dks lqj{kk ,oa nwljh gkbZ&Vsd çkWMDV~ldk vkSj cM+k usVodZ gkfly gksxk ftlls fofHkUu vesfjdhra=kksa ds lkFk mldh xfrofèk;ka c<+saxh] nksuksa ns'kksa ds flLVeds chp ikjLifjdrk dh o`f¼ gksxh vkSj ykblsalksa dhLohÑfr esa le; vkSj lalkèkuksa dh cpr gksxhA

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isesaV flLVe dkuwu esa rduhd ds vuqlkjcnyko visf{kr

• uhfr vk;ksx ds çèkku lykgdkj jru ih- okVy us dgk fdçkS|ksfxdh esa rsth ls cnyko gks jgk vkSj bldh xfr rstgS] ,sls esa Hkqxrku vkSj fuiVku iz.kkyh dkuwu ij fiQj lsxkSj djus dh t:jr gSA

• mUgksaus dgk fd uoacj 2016 esa mPp jkf'k okyh eqæk dkspyu ls gVkus ds ckn fMftVy Hkqxrku c<+k gS vkSjth,lVh ykxw gksus ls Hkh bldks cy feyk gSA m|ksx eaMyfiQôh ds ,d dk;ZØe esa mUgksaus dgk] ^ûksVcanh ds cknek=kk vkSj ewY; ds lanHkZ esa fMftVy Hkqxrku us tksj idM+kgSA vki vkjchvkbZ ;k bysDVªkfuDl vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdhea=kky; ds vkadM+ksa dks nsf[k;s] ;g 2016 ls igys dseqdkcys csgrj gSA

• ôkVy us dgk fd gkykafd dsoy 15 jkT;ksa esa vfèkdek=kk esa Hkqxrku fMftVy ekè;e esa gks jgs gSaA* mUgksaus dgkfd fiNys lky tqykbZ esa eky ,oa lsok dj (th,lVh)ykxw gksus ds ckn Hkh fMftVy Hkqxrku ij çHkko iM+sxkAokVy us vkxs dgk] ^çkS|ksfxdh ds Lrj ij cnyko gks jgkgS] blhfy, vkidks vfèkfu;e (Hkq~xrku vkSj fuiVku iz.kkyhdkuwu) ij xkSj djus dh t:jr gSA**

• ^mUgksaus dgk fd fu;eu bl :i esa gksuk pkfg, ftllsçkS|ksfxdh rsth ls vk, vkSj bldh vuqefr gksuh pkfg,A*vfèkfu;e ds eqdkcys çkS|ksfxdh rsth ls cny jgh gSA

dksj lsDVj esa o`f¼

• lhesaV] dks;yk vkSj fjiQkbujh {ks=k esa csgrj çn'kZu dhcnkSyr cqfu;knh <kapk {ks=k (dksj lsDVj) ds vkB m|ksxksadh o`f¼ nj twu ekg esa 6-7 iQhln ij igqap xbZA ;gfiNys lkr ekg esa lcls Åaph o`f¼ gSA

• vkfèkdkfjd vkadM+ksa esa ;g tkudkjh nh xbZ gSA ,d lkyigys twu esa bl {ks=k esa ,d iQhln dh o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZFkhA cqfu;knh <kapk {ks=k esa moZjd] bLikr] çkÑfrd xSl]fctyh] dPpk rsy] dks;yk] lhesaV vkSj fjiQkbujh m|ksx'kkfey gSaA FkhA bu vkB cqfu;knh {ks=kksa esa blls igysuoEcj 2017 esa 6-9 iQhln dh Åaph o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZ FkhA

• okf.kT; ,oa m|ksx ea=kky; }kjk tkjh vkadM+ksa ds eqrkfcdcqfu;knh {ks=k esa lhesaV m|ksx esa twu ekg ds nkSjku 13-2iQhln o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZ ogha fjiQkbujh {ks=k esa 12 iQhlnvkSj dks;yk {ks=k esa 11-5 iQhln o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZA dPpsrsy vkSj çkÑfrd xSl {ks=k esa Øe'k% 3-4 iQhln vkSj 2-7 iQhln fxjkoV jghA ogha fctyh {ks=k esa twu ekg esa pkjiQhln dh o`f¼ jghA

• ,d lky igys fctyh {ks=k esa 2-2 iQhln dh o`f¼ gqbZFkhAbLikr {ks=k dh o`f¼ bl nkSjku 4-4 iQhln jgh tks fd,d lky igys twu esa Ng iQhln FkhA MsVk crkrk gS fdmoZjd {ks=k esa ,d iQhln o`f¼ gqbZ tks fd ,d lky igysbl m|ksx esa udkjkRed jgh FkhA

• pkyw foÙk o"kZ esa vçSy ls twu dh vofèk esa cqfu;knh<kapkxr {ks=k dh dqy o`f¼ 5-2 iQhln jghA ,d lkyigys blh vofèk esa bl {ks=k esa 2-5 iQhln o`f¼ ntZ dhxbZA

jsiks nj esa o`f¼

• fjtoZ cSad us egaxkbZ c<+us dh fpark esa nks ekg esa nwljh ckjeq[; uhfrxr nj jsiks esa 0-25 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ dh gSA blo`f¼ ls vkus okys le; esa cSadksa ls dtZ ysuk egaxk gksldrk gSAfjtoZ cSad us pkyw foÙk o"kZ dh rhljh }SekfldekSfæd uhfr leh{kk esa çeq[k uhfrxr nj jsiks dks 0-25çfr'kr c<+kdj 6-50 çfr'kr dj fn;kA

• jsiks nj og nj gksrh gS ftlij fjtoZ cSad nwljs okf.kT;dcSadksa dks ,d fnu ds fy, èku mèkkj nsrk gSA fjtoZ cSad dsxouZj mftZr iVsy dh vè;{krk esa gqbZ Ng lnL;h; ekSfæduhfr lfefr (,eihlh) us leh{kk cSBd ds rhljs fnu ;giQSlyk fd;kA blds lkFk gh ekSfæd uhfr ds #[k dks HkhrVLFk cuk, j[kk gSA

• lfefr us pkyw foÙk o"kZ dh tqykbZ& flracj frekgh dsfy, [kqnjk eqækLiQhfr ds vuqeku dks 4-2 çfr'kr ij j[kkgS tcfd o"kZ dh nwljh Nekgh ds nkSjku blds 4-8 çfr'krrd igqap tkus dk vuqeku yxk;k gSA

• eqækLiQhfr ds ckjs esa vkjchvkbZ dk rktk vuqeku bldspkj çfr'kr ds larks"ktud ekus tkus okys Lrj ls ÅijgSA

2018&19 esa fodkl nj 7-4 izfr'krjgus dk vuqeku

• vkjchvkb us foÙk o"kZ 2018&19 esa fodkl nj 7-4 çfr'krjgus dh mEehn trk;h gSA vkjchvkb dk dguk gS fdvxys foÙk o"kZ dh igyh frekgh esa fodkl nj 7-5çfr'kr jg ldrh gSA vkjchvkb us gkykafd fu;kZr ds ekspsZij vkxkg djrs gq, dgk fd O;kikj eqís ij c<+rs ruko dkçfrdwy vlj Hkkjrh; fu;kZr ij iM+ ldrk gSA

• vkjchvkb dh ekSfæd uhfr lfefr ;kuh ,eihlh us cqèkokjdks rhljh f}ekfld ekSfæd uhfr leh{kk ds oDrO; esa ;gmEehn trk;hA

• vkjchvkb us dgk fd pkyw foÙk o"kZ dh igyh Nekghesa fodkl nj 7-5 ls 7-6 çfr'kr rFkk nwljh Nekgh esa7-3 ls 7-4 çfr'kr fodkl nj jgus dk vuqeku gSA blrjg pkyw foÙk o"kZ esa fodkl nj 7-4 çfr'kr rFkk foÙko"kZ 2019&20 dh igyh frekgh esa 7-5 çfr'kr jgus dkvuqeku gSA

• mYys[kuh; gS fd foÙk o"kZ 2017&18 esa fodkl nj 6-7çfr'kr jgh Fkh tks eksnh ljdkj ds dk;Zdky dh U;wureFkhA ,sls esa ;fn vxys foÙk o"kZ esa fodkl nj lk<+s lkrçfr'kr dk vkadM+k Nwrh gS rks vFkZO;oLFkk ds c<+us dhjÝrkj uksVcanh ds iwoZ ds Lrj ds djhc vk tk,xhA

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• vkB uoacj 2016 dks uksVcanh ds iQSlys ls iwoZ foÙk o"kZ2015&16 esa fodkl nj vkB çfr'kr ls vfèkdFkhA1vkjchvkb us dgk fd fofHkUu lwpd ;g b'kkjk djrsgSa fd vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ka etcwr gSaA vc rd ekulwu dhçxfr vkSj [kjhiQ iQlyksa ds U;wure leFkZu ewY; esavis{kkÑr vfèkd o`f¼ ls fdlkuksa dh vk; c<+us lsxzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa ekax c<+us dh mEehn gSA

• vkjchvkb dk dguk gS fd dkWjiksjsV [kkldj iQkLV ewfoaxdaT;wej xqM~l ;kuh ,iQ,elhth daifu;ksa dh vk; esa o`f¼ls Hkh irk pyrk gS fd xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa ekax c<+h gSA oghafoÙkh; fLFkfr dfBu gksus ds ckotwn fuos'k xfrfofèk;kacsgrj cuh gqbZ gSaA

• blds lkFk gh gky ds eghuksa esa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k esa Hkho`f¼ gqbZ gSA nwljh frekgh esa eSU;qiQSDpfjax lsDVj dhxfrfofèk;ka Hkh Bhd jgus dh mEehn gSA oSls vkjchvkb usfu;kZr ds ekspsZ ij vkxkg Hkh fd;k gSA vkjchvkb dkdguk gS fd O;kikfjd ekspsZ ij c<+rs ruko ls Hkkjr dsfu;kZrksa ij çfrdwy vlj iM+ ldrk gSA

iQkWP;wZu 500 fyLV esa bafM;u vkW;ylesr ns'k dh lkr daifu;ka

• iQkWP;wZu eSxthu us nqfu;k dh 500 cM+h daifu;ksa dhlkykuk fyLV tkjh dj nh gSA blesa Hkkjr dh 7 daifu;ksaus txg cukbZ gSA 2017 dh fyLV esa ns'k dh lkrgh daifu;ka fyLV esa FkhaA bafM;u vkW;y dkWiksZjs'ku23 izfr'kr jsosU;w c<+ksrjh ds lkFk ns'kh daifu;ksa esavOoy jgh gSA fjyk;al baMLVªht us Hkh 53 ik;nku dhNykax yxkbZ gSA fyLV esa 'kh"kZ ij fjVsy fnXxt okWyekVZgSA

• nslh daifu;ksa dh ckr djsa rks vkbZvkslh 137 osa ik;nku ijgSA 2017 dh fyLV esa ;g 168 osa ik;nku ij FkhA oghaeqds'k vackuh dh fjyk;al baMLVªht fiNys lky ds 203 osaik;nku ls p<+dj 148 osa LFkku ij igqap xbZ gSA vkW;y,aM uspqjy xSl dkWiksZjs'ku (vks,uthlh) us 197 osa LFkkuij txg cukbZ gSA 2017 dh lwph esa ;g 'kkfey ugha FkhALVsV cSad vkWiQ bafM;k (,lchvkbZ) fliQZ ,d gh ik;nkup<+ ikbZ gSA

• bl ckj bls 216oka LFkku feyk gS] tcfd 2017 esa 217;g 217osa LFkku ij FkkA VkVk eksVlZ us Hkh viuh jSafdax esalqèkkj fd;k gSA 2017 dh fyLV esa ;g 247osa ik;nku ijFkh] bl lky 232osa ij gSA Hkkjr isVªksfy;e (chihlh,y)dh jSafdax Hkh lqèkjh gSA fiNys lky ;g 360osa LFkku ijFkh] bl lky 314oka LFkku feyk gSA jkts'k ,DliksV~lZ lwphesa 405osa LFkku ij gSA tcfd 2017 dh fyLV esa ;g 295osaLFkku ij FkhA

• fyLV esa phu dh rhu daifu;ksa LVsV fxzM] lhuksisd xzqivkSj pkbuk us'kuy isVªksfy;e daiuh us VkWi&10 esa txgcukbZ gSA bUgsa Øe'k% nwljk] rhljk o pkSFkk LFkku feyk gSAfczVsu dh jkW;y Mp 'kSy 5osa ik;nku ij txg cuk

bafM;k iksLV isesaV cSad dh 'kq#vkr 21 ls

• çèkkuea=kh ujs aæ ek snh 21 vxLr dks cgqçrhf{krHkkjrh; Mkd ds Hkqxrku cSad vkbZihihch dk 'kqHkkjaHkdjsaxsA ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh us dgk fd bafM;k iksLVisesaV cSad dh çR;sd ftys esa de ls de ,d 'kk[kk gksxhvkSj ;g xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa foÙkh; lsokvksa ij è;ku dsafærdjsxkA

• lapkj ea=kky; ds ,d ofj"B vfèkdkjh us dgk]^^çèkkuea=kh us vkbZihihch ds mn~?kkVu ds fy, 21 vxLrdks le; fn;k gSA cSad dh nks 'kk[kk,a igys lsifjpkyu esa gSaA 'ks"k 648 'kk[kk,a ns'k ds çR;sd ftysesa 'kq: dh tk,axhA** vfèkdkjh us dgk fd vkbZihihch1-55 yk[k Mkd?kj 'kk[kkvksa ds tfj;s xzkeh.k bykdksads yksxksa dks cSafdax vkSj foÙkh; lsok,a miyCèk djk,xkA

• vfèkdkjh us dgk fd ljdkj bl lky ds var 1-55 yk[kMkd?kj 'kk[kkvksa dks vkbZihihch lsokvksa ls tksM+us dkç;kl dj jgh gSA blls ns'k dk lcls cM+k cSafdax usVodZvfLrRo esa vk,xk ftldh xkaoksa ds Lrj rd ekStwnxhgksxhA

• vkbZihihch ds eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfèkdkjh lqjs'k 'ksêh usfiNys lIrkg dgk Fkk fd vkbZihihch 650 'kk[kkvksa dslkFk 'kq: gksxkA

• blds vfrfjDr Mkd?kjksa esa 3]250 ,Dlsl ikWbaV gksaxs vkSjlkFk gh 11]000 Mkfd;s gksaxsA ;s xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh bykdksanksuksa esa ?kj ds njokts ij cSafdax lsok,a miyCèk djk,axsAvkbZihihch dks 17 djksM+ Mkd cpr cSad [kkrs dks vius[kkrs ls tksM+us dh vuqefr gSA

,Iiy dk ekdZsV dSi 1 [kjc MkWyj ds ikj

• fo'o dh lcls cM+h daifu;ksa esa ls ,d ,Iiy dk ekdZsVdSi ,d [kjc MkWyj ds ikj igq¡p x;k gS] bl miyfC/ dksikj djus okyh ,Iiy igyh vesfjdh daiuh gSA orZeku esa,Iiy ds LVkWd dh dher 207-39 MkWyj gSA ,Iiy usvYiQkcsV] vest+u vkSj ekbØkslkWÝV tSlh cM+h Vsd daifu;ksadks iNkM+ dj ;g miyfC/ gkfly dhA

eq[; fcanq• 2007 esa phuh daiuh isVªkspkbuk igyh ckj 1 fVªfy;u

MkWyj ekdZsV dSi ds Lrj dks ikj fd;k FkkA ,Iiy bl Lrjdks Nwus okyh igyh vesfjdh daiuh gSA ,Iiy dh LFkkiuk1 vizSy] 1976 dks LVho tkWCl] LVho okstfu;kd vkSjjksukYM ok;us us dh FkhA orZeku esa ,Iiy ds lhbZvks fVedqd gSaA ;g fo'o dh lcls cM+h VsDuksykWth diafu;ksa esals ,d gSA ,Iiy iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch

bR;kfn gkMZos;j ds fuekZ.k djrh gSA blds vykok ,Iiydk viuk vkWijs'ku flLVe Hkh gS] eksckby iQksu esa iOS

vkWijs'ku flLVe tcfd daI;wVj esa macOS mi;ksx fd;ktkrk gSA

Byju

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,elZu eukaxkXok fiQj ft+EckCos dsjk"Vªifr fuokZfpr

• ft+EckCos ds jk"V~iZfr pqukoksa esa ,elZu eukaxkXok us thr ntZdh gSA os ,d ckj fiQj ft+EckCos ds jk"Vªifr cusaxsAft+EckCos ds pquko vk;ksx dh çeq[k tfLVl fçflykfpxqEck us mudh thr dh ?kks"k.kk dhA

• pquko vk;ksx çeq[k us 10 çkarksa ds ifj.kke tkjh djrs gq,crk;k fd eukaxkXok dks 50-8 iQ+hlnh oksV feys gSa tcfdfoi{kh usrk usylu pehlk dks 44-3 iQ+hlnh oksV feys gSaAnwljh vksj foi{kh ikVhZ] ewoesaV iQ+kWj MseksØsfVd psat(,eMhlh) xBcaèku ds ps;jeSu eksxZu dksfefp us buurhtksa dks [kkfjt fd;k gS vkSj bUgsa iQ+t+hZ crk;k gSA

• xkSjryc gS fd uoacj 2017 esa 94 o"khZ; rRdkyhu jk"VªifrjkWcVZ eqxkcs ds bLrhiQ+k nsus ds ckn ft+EckCos esa igyh ckjpquko gq, gSaA

• fofnr gks fd ftEckCos esa lÙkk:<+ ft+EckCos vizQhduus'kuy ;wfu;u&iSfVª;kWfVd izQaV (ts,,u;w&ih,iQ) us jk"VªifrvkSj lalnh; pquko esa igys gh lkekU; cgqer gkfly djfy;k FkkA ikVhZ dks xzkeh.k bykdksa esa cM+h thr gkfly gqbZgS ftlds ckn jk"Vªifr ,elZu eukaXxok dk fiQj ljdkjcukuk yxHkx r; gks x;k FkkA

,elZu eukaxkXok ds ckjs esa tkudkjh• ,elZu eukaxkXok dk tUe 15 flracj 1942 dks gqvk FkkA

os 24 uoEcj 2017 dks ft+EckCos ds jk"Vªifr cus FksA• os ft+EckCos ds rhljs jk"Vªifr gSaA blls iwoZ os ft+EckCos esa

fofHkUu dSfcusV inksa ij vklhu jgs gSaA• eukaxkXok iwoZ jk"Vªifr eqxkcs ds dk;Zdky ds nkSjku U;k;

ea=kh] j{kk ea=kh] mijk"Vªifr tSls egRoiw.kZ inksa ij jgsA• mUgsa ftEckCos esa yksxksa ds vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd mRFkku ds

fy, vkokt+ mBkus gsrq Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA

Hkkjr vkSj teZuh ds chplrr 'kgjh fodkl gsrq lg;ksx

• Hkkjr vkSj teZuh us 01 vxLr 2018 dks foÙkh; vkSjrduhdh lg;ksx gsrq ,d le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd,A blle>kSrs esa 'kgjh fodkl ij çeq[krk ls tksj fn;k x;k gSA

• le>kSrs ij teZu ljdkj dh vksj ls ogka ds jktnwr MkW-ekfVZu us; vkSj Hkkjr ljdkj dh vksj ls foÙk ea=kky; esavkfFkZd ekeyksa ds foHkkx esa la;qDr lfpo lehj [kjs usgLrk{kj fd,A

mís';• le>kSrk eq[; :i ls uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds {ks=k esa Hkkjr

vkSj teZuh ds chp lg;ksx dks çkFkfedrk nsrk gSA

• ;g le>kSrk Kkiu LoPNrk] Bksl vif'k"V çcaèku vkSj'kgjh xfr'khyrk ds çpkj esa lrr 'kgjh fodkl esa lg;ksxij dsafær gSA

egRo• f}i{kh; le>kSrs ls xzhugkml xSlksa ds mRltZu dks de

djus esa enn feysxh vkSj bl rjg ds mRltZu dks jksdusds vius y{; dks çkIr djus esa Hkkjr dks Hkh lgk;rkfeysxhA

i`"BHkwfe• fnlacj 2017 esa] teZuh us Hkkjr&teZu varj&ljdkjh okrkZ

ds nkSjku Hkkjr ds lkFk fodkl lg;ksx ds fy, yxHkx8]500 djksM+ #i;s dh lgk;rk jkf'k dk opu fn;k FkkA

• iQjojh 2018 esa vkokl ea=kky; vkSj 'kgjh ekeyksa dsdsaæh; ea=kky; vkSj teZu fodkl ,tsalh (thvkbZtsM) dschp ,d le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kj fd, x, rkfd 'kgjhcqfu;knh lsokvksa vkSj pqfuank 'kgjksa esa vkokl vkSj Hkkjr dsLekVZ 'kgjksa esa vkokl çnku djus ds fy, voèkkj.kkvksa dksfodflr fd;k tk ldsA

• thvkbZtsM ifj;kstuk ds fy, vkB fefy;u ;wjks rd;ksxnku djus ij lger gks x;k Fkk tks rhu lky dhvofèk ds fy, cuk jgsxkA dqy feykdj] o"kZ 2018 HkkjrvkSj teZuh ds chp 60 o"kks± ds f}i{kh; fodkl lg;ksxdk ifjpk;d gSA

bZjku ij vesfjdk ds :[k esa ujeh

• vesfjdh jk"Vªifr MksukYM Vªai us bZjku ij viuk #[k ujedjrs gq, dgk fd bZjku ds ijek.kq dk;ZØe ij u, le>kSrsdh jkg fudkyus ds fy, og jk"Vªifr glu jksgkuh ls fcukfdlh iwoZ 'krZ ds eqykdkr djus dks rS;kj gSaA Vªai us ebZ esavesfjdk dks 2015 esa gq, bZjku ijek.kq le>kSrs ls vyxdj fy;k FkkA

• bl le>kSrs ij vksckek ç'kklu us gLrk{kj fd, Fks ftlsVªai vc rd dk lcls [kjkc le>kSrk crkrs jgs gSaAxkSjryc gS fd jksgkuh ij fu'kkuk lkèkrs gq, Vªai us ,dgÝrs igys V~ohV fd;k Fkk] vesfjdk dks fiQj dHkh erèkedkuk ugha rks vkidks ,sls ifj.kke Hkqxrus gksaxs ftudsmnkgj.k bfrgkl esa fcjys gh feyrs gSaA

• gkykafd OgkbV gkml dk dguk gS fd vius bZjkuh led{kls feyus dh Vªai dh bPNk dk bZjku ds f[kykiQ çfrcaèkksadks vkSj dM+k djus dh muds ç'kklu dh uhfr ij dksbZvlj ugha gksxkA OgkbV gkml esa bVyh ds çèkkuea=kh X;wlsidksars ds lkFk la;qDr :i ls laoknnkrk lEesyu dks lacksfèkrdjrs gq, Vªai us dgk] eSa eqykdkr esa fokl j[krk gwa] eSafuf'pr rkSj ij bZjkuh usrk ls feywaxk] vxj og feyukpkgsaA

Byju

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• jksgkuh ls eqykdkr djus ds loky ij Vªai us dgk] eq>sugha irk dh og vHkh rS;kj gSa ;k ugha] vHkh og eqf'dyle; dk lkeuk dj jgs gSaA eSaus bZjku le>kSrk [kRe djfn;k] og ,d cdokl le>kSrk FkkA esjk ekuuk gS fd ogvarr% feyuk pkgsaxs vkSj eSa muls] muds r; le; ijdHkh Hkh feyus dks rS;kj gwaA Vªai us dwVuhfr ds iQk;nscrkrs gq, dg fd og] fdlh ls Hkh eqykdkr dj ldrs gSaA

• Vªai dk dguk gS fd og etcwrh fn[kkus ;k detksjh dhotg ls jksgkuh ls feyus dks ugha dg jgs gSaA cfYd bZjkuhusrk ls feyuk lgh dne gksxk] blfy, ,slk dg jgs gSaA,d vU; loky ds tokc esa mUgksaus dgk] og fcuk fdlhiwoZ 'krZ ds muls eqykdkr djsaxsA vesfjdh jk"Vªifr us dgk]dksbZ iwoZ 'krZ ugha j[kh tk,xhA

• vxj og eqykdkr djuk pkgrs gSa] eSa dHkh Hkh mulseqykdkr djus dks rS;kj gwaA ;g ns'k ds fy, vPNk gS]muds fy, vPNk gS] gekjs fy, vPNk gS vkSj iwjh nqfu;kds fy, vPNk gSA fcuk fdlh iwoZ 'krZ] vxj og feyukpkgrs gSa rks eSa feywaxkA Vªai vkSj dksars ds chp bZjku ds eqísij Hkh ppkZ gqbZA

• Vªai us dgk] çèkkuea=kh vkSj esjs chp lgefr cuh fd bZjku dsbl ccZj 'kklu dks ijek.kq gfFk;kj j[kus dh vuqefr dHkhugha feyuh pkfg,A mUgksaus dgk] ge lHkh jk"Vªksa dks bZjku ijmldh lHkh gkfudkfjd xfrfofèk;ksa dks can djus dk nckocukus ds fy, çksRlkfgr djuk pkfg,A vesfjdk bu egRoiw.kZç;klksa esa bVyh dh lk>snkjh dk Lokxr djrk gSA

ikfdLrku dks csyvkmV iSdst ijvesfjdh psrkouh

• vesfjdk us ikfdLrku dks csyvkmV iSdst eqgS;k djk,tkus dh laHkkoukvksa ij varjjk"Vªh; eqæk dks"k (vkb,e,iQ)dks vkxkg fd;k gSA Vªai ç'kklu us dgk gS fd phu dsdtZnkrkvksa dk Í.k pqdkus ds fy, ikfdLrku dh ubZljdkj dks csyvkmV iSdst ugha fn;k tk,A

• lh,uchlh Vhoh dks fn, baVjO;w esa vesfjdk ds fons'k ea=khekbd iksafi;ks us dgk] ^gekjk ns'k ikfdLrku ds Hkkohçèkkuea=kh bejku [kku ds lkFk dke djus dks mRlqd gSAysfdu ,sls fdlh csyvkmV dk dksbZ vkSfpR; ugha gSftlls ikfdLrku dks feys phuh dtZ dks pqdk;k tk,AdksbZ xyrh uk djsaA*

• ^vkb,e,iQ tks dqN dj jgk gS ml ij ge utj j[ksaxsA*iksafi;ks us ;g fVIi.kh mu [kcjksa ij nh] ftuesa dgk x;k Fkkfd ikfdLrku vkb,e,iQ ls 12 vjc MkWyj (djhc 82gtkj djksM+ #i;s) dk Hkkjh&Hkjde csyvkmV iSdst ekaxusdh ;kstuk cuk jgk gSA iQkbusaf'k;y VkbEl us jfookj dksviuh [kcj esa dgk Fkk fd ikfdLrku ds foÙkh; vfèkdkjhubZ ljdkj ds fy, vkb,e,iQ ls csyvkmV iSdst dh ekaxdk [kkdk rS;kj dj jgs gSaA

• vkb,e,iQ dh çoDrk us bl [kcj ij dgk] îkfdLrkudh vksj ls vHkh rd fdlh iQaM ds fy, uk rks dksbZ vkxzg

fd;k x;k gS vkSj uk gh ml ckjs esa vfèkdkfj;ksa ds lkFkdksbZ ckrphr gqbZ gSA*

• vkfFkZd ladV ls tw> jgk ikd % ikfdLrku bl le;vkfFkZd ladV ls tw> jgk gSA ubZ ljdkj ds fy, bllsmcjuk lcls cM+h pqukSrh gksxhA dbZ fo'ys"kdksa vkSj dkjksckjhfnXxtksa dk ekuuk gS fd vkfFkZd ladV ls mcjus ds fy,ikfdLrku dks ikap lky esa nwljh ckj csyvkmV iSdst dht:jr vku iM+h gSA

j{kk midj.k Hkkjr Hkstus ds fy,vesfjdk us [kksys vius njokts

• vesfjdk ds okf.kT; ea=kh foYcj jkWl us ,d ,sls iQSlysdh ?kks"k.kk dh gS tks vkus okys fnuksa esa u fliQZ Hkkjr dkslcls djhch j{kk lg;ksxh cuk,xk] cfYd Hkkjrh; j{kkm|ksx dh rLohj Hkh cny nsxkA ;g iQSlyk gS Hkkjr dksj.kuhfrd dkjksckjh lk>snkj ,lVh,&1 dk ntkZ nsukA

• bldk lhèkk lk eryc ;g gS fd vesfjdh daifu;ksa dhrjiQ ls bZtkn dh xbZ rdjhcu 90 iQhln rduhd ;kgfFk;kj Hkkjr ykus ds fy, vc ykblsal ysus dh t:jrugha gksxhA vHkh rd vesfjdh daifu;ksa dks blds fy, ogkads okf.kT; ea=kky; ls ykblsal ysus dh t:jr gksrh FkhA

• ekuk tk jgk gS fd bl iQSlys ls vkus okys fnuksa esa ns'k dsj{kk {ks=k esa vesfjdh daifu;ksa dh rjiQ ls vjcksa MkWyj dsu, fuos'k dk jkLrk [kqysxkA lkFk gh Hkkjr dh j{kkmidj.kksa dh t:jr Hkh dkiQh de dher ij iwjh gksldsxhA fons'k ea=kky; ds lw=kksa ds eqrkfcd bl ,d iQSlysus Hkkjr o vesfjdk ds fj'rksa esa fiNys dqN eghuksa ls pyjgs d;klksa ij ges'kk ds fy, fojke yxk fn;k gSA

• Vªai ç'kklu us crk fn;k gS fd og Hkkjr ij fdruk Hkjkslkdjrk gSA ;g vlfy;r esa vesfjdh ljdkj dh rjiQ ls gkyds fnuksa esa Hkkjr ds lanHkZ esa fy;k x;k lcls cM+k iQSlyk gSA

• ;g crkrk gS fd vesfjdk Hkkjr dks vius gfFk;kjksa dscktkj ds rkSj ij ugha ns[krk] cfYd mldh j.kuhfr Hkkjresa j{kk midj.kksa ds fuekZ.k dk <kapk rS;kj djuk gSA ;giQSlyk ,d lkFk dbZ vesfjdh gfFk;kj fuekZrk daifu;ksa dksHkkjr esa fuekZ.k bdkbZ LFkkfir djus ds fy, mRlkfgrdjsx] D;ksafd vesfjdk esa ykxr ,d cM+h leL;k gS]ftldk lekèkku Hkkjr miyCèk djkrk gSA

• Hkkjr o vesfjdh daifu;ka feydj Hkkjr esa gfFk;kj ovU; mPp rduhdh okys midj.kksa dk fuekZ.k dj nwljsns'kksa dks csp ldrh gSaA bl rjg ls vesfjdk us j{kk {ks=k esaljdkj dh êsd bu bafM;k* dk;ZØe dks csgn etcwrh nhgSA fons'k ea=kky; ds vfèkdkjh bl ckr dh rjiQ Hkh b'kkjkdjrs gSa fd vesfjdk dk ;g iQSlyk rc vk;k gS tc ikapgÝrksa ckn nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp fons'k o j{kk eaf=k;ksa dhvxqvkbZ esa Vw Iyl Vw okrkZ gksuh gSA

• vesfjdk us ,lVh,&1 dk ntkZ vHkh rd fliQZ ukVks (ukWFkZvVykafVd VªhVh vkWxsZukbts'ku) ds lnL; 36 ns'kksa dks fn;kgqvk gSA vHkh rd vxj dksbZ vesfjdh daiuh Hkkjr esa

Byju

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rduhdh gLrkarj.k djuk pkgrh Fkh ;k fdlh laosnu'khymRikn dks fuekZ.k djuk pkgrh Fkh rks mlds fy, igysvesfjdh okf.kT; ea=kky; ls vuqefr ysuh gksrh FkhA

• vesfjdh okf.kT; ea=kky; vke rkSj ij laonsu'khy ekeyksaesa cgqr nsjh ls eatwjh nsrk gS ;k fiQj mls vLohdkj dj ghdj nsrk gSA ,slh rduhd ftudk gfFk;kjksa ds lkFk nwljsmi;ksx Hkh gSa] dks ysdj vesfjdh okf.kT; ea=kky; dkjoS;k csgn dM+k gksrk gSA ;g Hkkjr o vesfjdk ds j{kklg;ksx esa lcls cM+h vM+pu FkhA

Hkkjroa'kh xf.krK v{k; osadVs'kdks fiQYM~l esMy

• ukeh Hkkjrh;&vkWLVªsfy;kbZ xf.krK v{k; osadVs'k lesr pkjfotsrkvksa dks xf.kr dk fof'k"V fiQYM~l esMy feyk gSAxf.kr ds {ks=k esa bls ukscsy iqjLdkj ds leku ekuk tkrk gSA

• pkj lky ij fiQYM~l esMy 40 lky ls de mez ds lclsmnh;eku xf.krK dks fn;k tkrk gSA LVSuiQksMZ fofo|ky; esai<+k jgs ubZ fnYyh esa tUes osadVs'k (36) dks xf.kr fo"k;esa fof'k"V ;ksxnku ds fy, fiQYM~l esMy feyk gSA

• fjvks Mh tsusfj;ks esa xf.krKksa dh varjjk"Vªh; dkaxzsl esamuds esMy ds fy, ç'kfLr esa muds ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdrfd;k x;k gSA

• rhu vU; fotsrk gSa& dSafczt fofo|ky; esa bjkuh&dqnZ ewyds çksiQslj dkSpj fcjdj] ckWu fofo|ky; esa i<kus okysteZuh ds ihVj LdwYt vkSj bZVh,p T;wfj[k esa brkyohxf.krK ,fylks fiQxsyhA

• gjsd fotsrk us 15]000 dukMkbZ MkWyj dk udn iqjLdkjgkfly fd;k gSA gj ckj nks vkSj fo'ks"kr% pkj yksxksa dksiqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k tkrk gSA

Hkkjr ds lkFk okrkZ cgky djus dk iz;kl

• ikfdLrku us bejku [kku dks çèkkuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh }kjk cèkkbZnsus ds fy, fd, x, iQksu dkWy dk c`gLifrokj dks Lokxrfd;k vkSj dgk fd 2015 ls Bi iM+h f}i{kh; okrkZ dks ogcgky djuk pkgrk gSA çèkkuea=kh eksnh us [kku dh ikVhZikfdLrku rgjhd&,&balkiQ dks vke pquko esa feyh thrdks ysdj mUgsa cèkkbZ nsus ds fy, lkseokj dks VsyhiQksu fd;kFkk vkSj vk'kk trkbZ Fkh fd ikfdLrku vkSj Hkkjr f}i{kh;lacaèkksa esa ,d u;k vè;k; 'kq: djus ds fy, dke djsaxsA

• [kku us eksnh dh 'kqHkdkeukvksa dks ysdj mudk 'kqfØ;k vnkfd;k vkSj dgk fd fooknksa dk gy okrkZ ds tfj, gksuk pkfg,A

• viuh lkIrkfgd çsl czhfiaQx esa fons'k dk;kZy; çoDrkMkW- eqgEen iQSly us dgk] mUgsa vk'kk gS fd ;g iQksudkWy Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp f}i{kh; okrkZ dk ekxZç'kLr djsxhA mUgksaus vk'kk trkbZ fd ;g n{ksl ns'kksa dschp lacaèkksa dks csgrj cukus dh fn'kk esa ys tk,xkA

• xkSjryc gS fd 2016 dk n{ksl f'k[kj lEesyu bLykekcknesa gksuk Fkk ysfdu tEew&d'ehj ds mjh esa Fkylsuk ds

f'kfoj ij gq, ,d Hkh"k.k vkradh geys ds ckn Hkkjr usekStwnk ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds pyrs lEesyu esa Hkkx ysus ls eukdj fn;k Fkk vkSj ikfdLrku ij dwuhfrd ncko c<k;k FkkA

• ckaXykns'k] HkwVku vkSj viQxkfuLrku us Hkh lEesyu esa Hkkxysus ls euk dj fn;k ftlds ckn lEesyu LFkfxr dj fn;kx;kA ikfdLrku fLFkr vkradoknh laxBuksa }kjk 2016 esavkradh geyk fd, tkus vkSj ikfdLrku ds dCts okysd'ehj esa Hkkjr ds lftZdy LVªkbd ds ckn nksuksa ns'kksa dschp lacaèk rukoiw.kZ gks x, FksA

• dfFkr Hkkjrh; tklwl dqyHkw"k.k tkèko dks fiNys lkyvçSy esa ,d lSU; vnkyr }kjk ekSr dh ltk lquk, tkusds ckn f}i{kh; lacaèk vkSj fcxM+ x,A cgjgky] [kku usvius fot; Hkk"k.k esa dgk gS fd ikfdLrku vkSj Hkkjr dschp csgrj lacaèk ge lHkh ds fy, vPNk gksxkA

:l&vesfjdk ruko dk Hkkjr ij izHkko

• vesfjdh laln us :l ls j{kk lkSnk djus ij Hkkjr dksçfrcaèk ls cpkus dk jkLrk fudky fy;k gSA

• laln us jk"Vªh; j{kk çkfèkdkj foèks;d] 2019 ikfjr djlh,,Vh,l dkuwu ds rgr Hkkjr ij çfrcaèk yxus dhvk'kadk dks [kRe dj fn;k gSA nwljh rjiQ] mlus ikfdLrkudks nh tkus okyh vkfFkZd enn esa Hkkjh dVkSrh dj nh gSA

• ^çfrcaèkksa ds tfj;s vesfjdk ds fojksfèk;ksa ds f[kykiQdkjZokbZ dkuwu* (lh,,Vh,l,) ds rgr :l ls egRoiw.kZj{kk midj.k [kjhnus okys ns'kksa ij çfrcaèk yxk fn;k tkrkgSA lhusV us 2019 foÙk o"kZ ds fy, us'kuy fMiQsalvkWFkjkbts'ku ,DV (,uMh,,) dks 10 erksa ds eqdkcys 87erksa ls ikfjr dj fn;kA

• çfrfufèk lHkk esa ;g foèks;d fiNys lIrkg gh ikfjr gkspqdk gSA vc ;g dkuwu cuus ds fy, jk"Vªifr MksukYM Vªaids ikl tk,xkA muds gLrk{kj ds ckn ;g dkuwu ykxw gkstk,xkA bl foèks;d esa lh,,Vh,l, ds çkoèkku 231 dkslekIr djus dh ckr dgh xbZ gSA

Hkkjr] dtkfdLrku O;kikj]j{kk lg;ksx c<+kus ij lger

• Hkkjr vkSj dtkfdLrku us j{kk {ks=k esa lg;ksx etcwr djusij lgefr trkbZ gSA fons'k ea=kh lq"kek lq"kek us dtkfdLrkuds 'kh"kZ usrkvksa ls eqykdkr dj muds lkFk dkjksckj] ÅtkZ]lqj{kk vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls {ks=kksa esa foLr`r j.kuhfrdlk>snkjh dks etcwr ckukus ij ppkZ dhA

• lalkèku le¼ eè; ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa ds lkFk j.kuhfrd lk>snkjhetcwr cukus ds Hkkjr ds ç;klksa ds rgr lq"kek rhu ns'kksadtkfdLrku] fdfxZtLrku vkSj mTcsfdLrku dh ;k=kk ijgSaA lq"kek us dtk[k fons'k ea=kh dSjkr vCæk[kekukso dslkFk çfrfufèk Lrj dh ckrphr dhA nksuksa usrkvksa us dkjksckj]fuos'k] j{kk] lqj{kk] lwpuk ,oa lapkj çkS|ksfxdh (vkbZVhlh)]iQkekZ vkSj lkaLÑfrd {ks=k esa lg;ksx etcwr djus ijfoLr`r ppkZ dhA

Byju

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• dtkfdLrku eè; ,f'k;k esa Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k dkjksckjvkSj fuos'k lg;ksxh gSA lq"kek ;gka dtkfdLrku ds çèkkuea=khcdhrtgku lxhUrk;so ls eqykdkr djds nksuksa ns'kksa dsyksxksa ds chp vkilh lacaèk] dkjksckj] fuos'k] j{kk] lqj{kk]lwpuk ,oa lapkj çkS|ksfxdh (vkbZVhlh)] lqa;Dr fiQYefuekZ.k] i;ZVu ds {ks=k esa lg;ksxh dks etcwrh çnku djusij ppkZ dhA

• mUgksaus dgk fd vCæk[kekukso ds lkFk cSBd ds nkSjkumUgksaus f}i{kh;] {ks=kh; vkSj vkilh fgr ds fu;ar.kz eqíksa ijppkZ dhA lq"kek us dgk] geus vius f}i{kh; lacaèk esa gqbZçxfr dh leh{kk dhA Hkkjr dk dtkfdLrku ds chp dklacaèk lfn;ksa iqjkus ,sfrgkfld vkSj lkaLÑfrd lacaèk dhetcwr uhao ij cuk gqvk gSA

• mUgksaus dgk] Hkkjr vkSj dtkfdLrku us f}i{kh; vkSj cgqi{kh;lacaèkksa ds lHkh {ks=kksa esa cgqvk;keh lg;ksx fodflr fd;kgS vkSj ge 2009 ls gh j.kuhfrd lk>snkj gSaA lq"kek usdgk] dSjkr vCæk[kekukso vkSj eSaus vkxs j{kk {ks=k esa vkSjetcwr lacaèk cukus dh bPNk trkbZ gSA

• fiNys nks o"kks± esa j{kk vkSj lqj{kk {ks=k esa gekjs lg;ksxetcwr gq, gSaA dtk[k l'kL=k cy bdkbZ us Hkkjr esa 'kkafrvfHk;ku çf'k{k.k esa fgLlk fy;k vkSj ekStwnk le; esavyekVh esa Hkkjrh; lsuk dh ,d eksckby Vªsfuax Vhedtk[k lSfudksa dks çf'k{k.k ns jgh gSA lq"kek us dgk fdHkkjr fo'o esa rsth ls c<+rh ,d O;kid vFkZ O;oLFkk ds:i esa mHkjk gS vkSj vc mRiknu ,oa uoksUes"k ds {ks=k dk;g ,d Xykscy gc gSA

• mUgksaus dgk] çèkkuea=kh (ujsaæ eksnh) ds usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dbZrjg dh egRodka{kh ;kstuk ^êsd bu bafM;k*] ^^fMftVybafM;k*] ^Dyhu bafM;k* ^LVkVZvi bafM;k* 100 LekVZ flVhlfgr dbZ vU; ;kstuk 'kq: dhA eSaus fons'k ea=kh dSjkrvCæk[kekukso ds lkFk Hkkjr ds fMftVy dk;ZØe ij ppkZdjds mUgsa crk;k fd blesa dbZ ,slh phtsa gSa tks dtkfdLrkuds fMftVy dtk[kLrku dk;ZØe ds fgr esa gks ldrk gSA*

• lq"kek us vCæk[kekukso ds lkFk u, mRikn ds ctkjksa dksryk'kus ij Hkh ppkZ dhA mUgksaus dgk fd nksuksa ns'kksa dschp Ñf"k mRikn] [kk| çlaLdj.k] iQkekZL;wfVdYl] ÅtkZvkSj jlk;u {ks=k esa dkiQh laHkkouk,a gSa] ftUgsa igpkus tkusdh t:jr gSA lq"kek us dgk] bl {ks=k esa laidZ csgrj djusdks ysdj Hkkjr bPNqd gSA

• fnlEcj] 2017 esa Hkkjr (VªkaliksV~lZ baVjus'kukWDl jkWfV;lZ)lEesyu ls tqM+k vkSj iQjojh] 2018 esa Hkkjr v'kxkckVle>kSrs esa 'kkfey gqvkA varjjk"Vªh; mÙkj nf{k.k ifjogudkWfjMksj xfr idM+ jgk gS vkSj lnL; ns'k bl dkWfjMksj dksyksdfç;rk fnykus ds fy, lkFk esa dke dj jgs gSaA

Hkkjr dh E;kekaj esa rjyhÑr çkÑfrd xSl(,y,uth) VfeZuy dh ;kstuk

• E;kekaj esa Hkkjr rjyhÑr çkÑfrd xSl (,y,uth) vk;krVfeZuy yxkus dh ;kstuk cuk jgk gSA isVªksfy;e ea=kh /esZUnz

çèkku us 'kqØokj dks ;g tkudkjh nhA Hkkjr dk bjknk viusiM+kslh ds lkFk ÅtkZ jktuf;d lacaèkksa dks etcwr djuk gSAbl VfeZuy ds tfj, lqij dwYM çkÑfrd xSl dk vk;krfd;k tk,xkA

• Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa dh ;kstuk ckaXykns'k vkSj Jhyadk esaHkh blh rjg ds la;a=k yxkus dh gSA çèkku us dgk fdnf{k.k ,f'k;k ds iM+kslh ns'kks a esa ÅtkZ laidZ dksetcwr djus dh o`gn ;kstuk ds rgr ;s VfeZuy yxk, tkjgs gSaA

• çèkku us ;gka ^^Hkkjr ds vius iM+ksl ds lkFk laidZ dkvkdyu* fo"k; ij laxks"Bh dks lacksfèkr djrs gq, dgkfd vle esa uqekyhx<+ fjiQkbujh fy- (,uvkj,y) E;kekjdks Mhty vkiwfrZ ij fopkj dj jgh gSA daiuh dkbjknk ogka b±èku HkaMkj.k vkSj forj.k {ks=k dk fodkldjus dk gSAçèkku us dgk fd bafM;u vk;y dkjiksjs'ku(vkbZvkslh) E;kekaj dh daifu;ksa ds lkFk ,yihth HkaMkj.klqfoèkk,a fodflr djus ij dke dj jgh gSA

• isVªksusV ,y,uth Hkh ogka ,y,uth VfeZuy yxk jgh gSAgkykafd] mUgksaus bldk vkSj C;ksjk ugha fn;kA mUgksaus dgkfd Hkkjr] ckaXykns'k ds lkFk baVjdusfDaVx xSl fxzM vkSjikbiykbu ls Mhty dh vkiwfrZ ij fopkj dj jgk gSA

la;qDr jk"Vª ds 'kkafr fe'ku ds 70 o"kZ iw.kZ

• la;qDr jk"Vª us 'kkafrj{kd vfHk;kuksa esa Hkkjr ds cgqewY;;ksxnku ds fy, mldh ljkguk dh gS lkFk gh 'kkafr dsfy, Hkkjr ds onhZèkjh iq#"kksa rFkk efgykvksa dh çsj.kknk;dlsok ds fy, mudh rkjhiQ dhA

• 'kkafrj{kd vfHk;kuksa ds fy, voj egklfpo thu isjhysØksbDl us dgk] ^^la;qDr jk"Vª ds 'kkafrj{kd vfHk;kucsgn tfVy okrkoj.k esa pyrs gSa vkSj ge Hkkjr tSls n`<+lk>snkjksa ds vkHkkjh gSa tks ubZ pqukSfr;ksa ds lkeus [kM+k gSvkSj ukxfjdksa dh j{kk ds gekjs ç;klksa esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnkunsuk tkjh j[ks gSA**

• la;qDr jk"Vª dk tu lwpuk foHkkx (MhihvkbZ) la;qDr jk"Vª'kkafrj{kk ds 70 o"kZ iwjs gksus ij ^;w,u ihl dhfiax&lfoZl,Ma lsØhiQkbt uke ls ,d vfHk;ku pyk jgk gSA blvfHk;ku dk edln la;qDr jk"Vª 'kkafrj{kdksa ds lkFk ghmu ns'kksa ds çfr vkHkkj O;Dr djuk gS tks fd 'kkafrj{kdvfHk;kuksa esa vius onhZèkkjh iq:"k vkSj efgykvksa dks HkstrsgSaA;g vfHk;ku ,d&,d ns'k dks vkèkkfjr djds pyk;ktk jgk gS vkSj bl lIrkg ;g Hkkjr ij dsfUær gSA**

• Hkkjr 'kkafrj{kd vfHk;kuksa esa lcls cM+k ;ksxnkudrkZ gS vkSjlcls T;knk dehZ ;gha ds ekjs x, gSaA fo'ks"k iQhpj^^bafM;k ,Ma n ;wu% lsfyczsfVax 70 b;lZ vkWiQ buoSY;w,cylfoZl Vw n dkWt vkWiQ ihl** ds vuqlkj ySØksbl us dgk]^^fdlh Hkh vU; lnL; ns'k dh rqyuk esa Hkkjr us lclsT;knk 'kkafrj{kd [kks, gSaA ge bl uqdlku ds fy, mudsifjokjksa vkSj Hkkjr ljdkj ds yksxksa ds çfr nq[k O;Drdjrs gSaA**

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la;qDr vjc vehjkr esa ohtk vke ekiQh(,eusLVh) dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr

• la;qDr vjc vehjkr us 1 vxLr 2018 dks rhu eghus dsohtk vke ekiQh (,eusLVh) dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr dh gS]ftlls Hkkjrh;ksa lesr lSdM+ksa xSjdkuwuh fons'kh Jfedksa dksykHk feysxkA

• blds rgr bUgsa fcuk fdlh naM ds ns'k NksM+us vkSj ukSdjh[kkstus ds fy, Ng eghus dh vuqefr gksxhA

• la;qDr vjc vehjkr esa djhc 28 yk[k (2-8 fefy;u)Hkkjrh; jg jgs gSaA

• ljdkj us fof'k"V la[;k,a tkjh ugha dh gSa] ysfdu dgk gSfd gtkjksa yksx] eq[; :i ls Hkkjr] ckaXykns'k] Jhyadk]ikfdLrku] usiky vkSj fiQyhihal tSls ns'kksa ds etnwjksa dks

,eusLVh ;kstuk ls iQk;nk gksxk] tks muds ?kjsyw ns'kksa esavklkuh ls okilh dh lqfoèkk çnku djsxkA

E;kaekj us jksfgaX;k ekuokfèkdkjksa dsnq#i;ksx dh tkap ds fy, Lora=k vk;ksx

• E;kaekj us ekuokfèkdkjksa ds nq#i;ksx ds vkjksiksa dh tkap dsfy, tkap vk;ksx dh LFkkiuk dh gSA

• bl vk;ksx esa pkj O;fDr gksaxs &nks LFkkuh; lnL; vkSj nksvarjjk"Vªh; lnL;] varjjk"Vªh; lnL; fiQfyfiuks jktuf;djkst+kfj;ks eukyks vkSj tkiku ds iwoZ jktnwr dsutks vksf'kek gksaxsA

• lqj{kk inksa ij ,vkj,l, (Arakan Rohingya Salvation

Army) }kjk fd, x, geyksa ds tokc esa fiNys lky vxLresa 'kq: gqbZ lSU; dkjZokbZ ds ckn 7]00]000 ls vfèkd jksfgaX;kE;kaekj ds if'peh jk[khu jkT; ls Hkkx x, gSaA

IMPRINT-2

• mPp f'k{kk laLFkkuksa esa vuqlaèkku dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy,çèkkuea=kh ujsUæ eksnh ds usr`Ro esa dsaæ ljdkj us bafçaV&2(IMPRINT-2) ds rgr 112 djksM+ #i;s dh ykxr ls122 ubZ 'kksèk ifj;kstukvksa dks eatwjh ns nh gS] ftlesa ÅtkZ]lqj{kk] LokLF;] mUur lkexzh] vkbZlhVh vkSj lqj{kk@j{kk'kkfey gSA

• dsaæ ljdkj }kjk 2]145 çLrkoksa esa ls] bafçaV&2 ds rgrfoÙk iks"k.k ds fy, 122 loZJs"B çLrkoksa dk p;u fd;kx;k Fkk] tks mPp Lrj dh çkS|ksfxdh dks vkxs c<+kus dh{kerk j[krs gSaA

p;fur 'kksèk çLrko• p;fur u, 'kksèk ifj;kstuk çLrkoksa esa 35 (vkbZlhVh)]

18 (mUur lkexzh)] 17 (LokLF; çkS|ksfxdh)] 12 (ÅtkZlqj{kk)] 11 (lqj{kk vkSj j{kk)] 9 (lrr vkokl)] 7 (tylalkèku vkSj unh ç.kkyh)] 5 (i;kZoj.k vkSj tyok;q)]4 (fofuekZ.k)] vkSj 4 (uSuks çkS|ksfxdh) 'kkfey gSaA

Lej.kh; rF;• LohÑr dh xbZ 122 ubZ vkbZ,eihvkjvkbZVh (IMPRINT)

ifj;kstukvksa esa ls 81 m|ksx }kjk çk;ksftr gSaA• vuqlaèkku ifj;kstukvksa dh çxfr dh fuxjkuh vkSj fu"d"kZ

ds fy, vDVwcj 2018 esa Kku iksVZy 'kq: fd;k tk,xkA• vkbZ,eihvkjvkbZVhVh çLrko mPp f'k{kk laLFkkuksa ds fy,

[kqys gSa ftuesa futh laLFkku Hkh 'kkfey gSa] blls çfrLièkkZdh Hkkouk iSnk gksxh vkSj csgrj ifj.kke çkIr gksaxsA

bafçaV (IMPRINT) ;kstuk• ns'k ds mPp f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa 'kksèk ,oa vuqlaèkku dk;ks±

dk jksM eSi rS;kj djus vkSj bls turk ls tksM+us ds fy,iwoZ jk"Vªifr ç.kc eq[kthZ vkSj çèkkuea=kh ujsUæ eksnh us

5 uoEcj 2015 dks bafçaV (bEiSfDVax fjlpZ buksos'ku ,.MVsDuksykWth) bafM;k ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;kA

• ^bfEçaV bafM;k* Hkkjr ds fy, çklafxd nl rduhdh {ks=kdh çeq[k bathfu;fjax ,oa çkS|ksfxdh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus dsfy, vuqlaèkku dk [kkdk fodflr djus gsrq vkbZvkbZVhvkSj vkbZvkbZ,llh dh la;qDr igy gSA

• bl igy dk mís'; lekt esa uokpkj ds fy, vko';d{ks=kksa dh igpku djuk] igpkus x, {ks=kksa esa çR;{k oSKkfudvuqlaèkku] bu {ks=kksa esa vuqlaèkku ds fy, mfpr dks"k dhvkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr djuk] bu vuqlaèkkuksa ds ifj.kkeksa dk'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k {ks=k ij çHkko dk vkdyu djuk gSA

bafçaV (IMPRINT) ds 10 dk;Z {ks=k• LokLF; dh ns[kHkky & vkbZvkbZVh [kM+xiqj]• dEI;wVj lkbal vkSj vkbZlhVh & vkbZvkbZVh [kM+xiqj]• vfxze lkexzh & vkbZvkbZVh dkuiqj]• ty lalkèku vkSj unh ç.kkfy;k¡ & vkbZvkbZVh dkuiqj]• lrr 'kgjh fMtkbu & vkbZvkbZVh #M+dh]• j{kk & vkbZvkbZVh eækl]• fofuekZ.k & vkbZvkbZVh eækl]• uSuks çkS|ksfxdh gkMZos;j& vkbZvkbZVh ckWEcs]• i;kZoj.k foKku vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu & vkbZvkbZ,llh]

caxykSj• ÅtkZ lqj{kk & vkbZvkbZVh ckWEcs

lkSj eaMy ds ckgj xzgksa ds lewg dh [kkst

• oSKkfudksa us gky gh esa lkSj eaMy ds ckgj xzgksa ds lewgdh igpku dhA bu xzgksa ij mlh rjg dh jklk;fudfLFkfr;ka gSa tks laHkor èkjrh ij thou dk dkj.k cuhgksaxhA

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• fczVsu esa dSfEczt fo'ofo|ky; ds 'kksèkdrkZvksa us ik;k fdi`Foh tSls ,d pV~Vkuh xzg dh lrg ij thou ds fodkldh laHkkouk,a gSa vkSj budk lacaèk xzg ds ^gksLV LVkj** lsgSA

• lkbal ,Mokal tuZy esa çdkf'kr bl vè;;u esa nkok fd;kx;k gS fd i`Foh ij igys igy gq, thou ds fodkl dhfLFkfr dh gh rjg rkjksa us ijkcSaxuhfdj.kksa (;woh) dsçdk'k dks mlh rjg bu xzgksa ij Hkh NksM+k ftlls bu xzgksaesa Hkh thou dh 'kq:vkr gks ldrh gSA

eq[; rF;• i`Foh ij ;woh çdk'k ls jklk;fud çfrfØ;k,a gksrh gSa vkSj

blls thou dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA• 'kksèkdrkZvksa us ,sls dbZ xzgksa dh igpku dh gS tgka muds

^^gksLV LVkj** ls ;woh çdk'k bu jklk;fud çfrfØ;kvksadks gksus dh vuqefr nsus ds fy, i;kZIr gS vkSj ;g jgus;ksX; lhek ds Hkhrj fLFkr gS tgka xzg dh lrg ij rjyikuh Hkh ekStwn gks ldrk gSA

• èkjrh ij ;woh çdk'k ls dsfedy fj,D'ku gksrs gSa vkSjblls thou dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA

• 'kksèkdrkZvksa us ik;k fd èkjrh tSls pV~Vkuh xzg ij thouds fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dk lacaèk ml rkjs ls gksrk gSftldh og ifjØek djrk gSA

• fczVsu esa dSafczt vkSj esfMdy fjlpZ dkmafly yscksjsVjhvkWiQ eksysD;wyj ck;ksykWth ds 'kksèkdrkZ ikWy fjej us dgkdh ;g vè;;u gesa thou dh ryk'k ds fy, csgrj LFkkuksard lhfer dj ldrk gSA

• gekjs lkSjeaMy esa bl xzg ds leku dksbZ nwljk xzg ugha gSvkSj ;g vkt rd [kksts x, gtkjksa ckgjh xzg esa ls lclsnqyZHk gSA

• blls igys gky esa oSKkfudksa us ,sls dbZ xzg [kksts Fks ftuesathou dh laHkkouk dks çcy crk;k x;k FkkA

lqijlksfud baVjlsIVj felkby dkliQy ijh{k.k

• Hkkjr us 03 vxLr 2018 dks varj&ok;qeaMyh; mUur ok;qj{kk (,,Mh) baVjlsIVj felkby dk liQyrkiwoZd ijh{k.kfd;kA bl baVjlsIVj felkby dks vksfM'kk rV ds vCnqydyke }hi ls NksM+k x;kA

• Hkkjr us blls igys 16 tqykbZ 2018 dks liQyrkiwoZdlqijlksfud Øwt felkby czkãksl dk ijh{k.k fd;k FkkA

eq[; rF;%• ;g felkby csgn de ÅapkbZ ls vkus okyh fdlh Hkh

cSfyfLVd felkby dks chp esa gh ekj fxjkus esa l{ke gSA• j{kk 'kksèk o fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) dk dguk gS

fd bl ijh{k.k us lHkh ekudksa dks iwjk dj fy;kA• blds lkFk Hkkjr us j{kk {ks=k esa ,d vkSj ehy dk iRFkj

gkfly dj fy;k gSA czãksl ,;jksLisl Hkkjr ds MhvkjMhvkso :l ds iQsMjy LVsV ;wfuVjh ,aVjçkbt ,uihvks,e dkla;qDr m|e gSA

• baVjlsIVj felkby i`Foh ds ok;qeaMy ds Hkhrj 100 fdehls uhps dh ÅapkbZ ij jgrh gSA

• j{kk vuqlaèkku o fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) us ,,MhbaVjlsIVj dk ijh{k.k dbZ udyh y{;ksa ds f[kykiQ fd;kA

• felkby dbZ y{;ksa esa ,d dks pquus ds ckn mls fu'kkukcukrh gSA

• MhvkjMhvks us T;knk ÅapkbZ o de ÅapkbZ nksuksa rjg dh,aVh cSfyfLVd felkbyksa dk fodkl fd;k gSA

• baVjlsIVj ,d 7-5 ehVj yach ,dy pj.k okyh Bksl jkWdsVlapkfyr] funsZf'kr felkby gSA

• bl felkby esa dqN csgrj lqfoèkk,a tksM+h xbZ gSa tSls dhukSogu ç.kkyh] ,d gkbVsd daI;wVj vkSj fo|qr&;kaf=kdmRçsjdA

• felkby dks MkW- vCnqy dyke }hi ds ,dhÑr ijh{k.kjsat ij fLFkr ykWUpiSM la[;k&4 ij yxk;k x;k vkSj ;gleqæ dh lrg ij gok esa fLFkr vius y{; ij fu'kkuklkèkus ds fy;s c<+ xbZA

• baVjlsIVj felkby dk viuk [kqn dk eksckby ykapj gksrkgSA blds vykok Lora=k VªSfdax {kerk gksrh gS] blesa vR;kèkqfudjMkj gksrk gSA baVjlsI'ku ds fy, lqjf{kr MkVk fyad Hkhgksrk gSA

• cgqLrjh; cSfyfLVd felkby j{kk ç.kkyh fodflr djusds ç;klksa ds rgr fodflr ;g felkby nq'eu dh rjiQls vkus okyh cSfyfLVd felkbyksa dks u"V djus esa l{kegSA

çdk'k dh xfr ls oLrqvksa dh igpku

• vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal (,vkb) dh fn'kk esa nqfu;k Hkjds oSKkfud ubZ [kkstsa dj jgs gSaA blds tfj;s u dsoyHkkoh jkscksV] cfYd reke bysDVªkWfud fMokbl Hkh rS;kj dhtk jgh gSaA blh fn'kk esa ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQ dSfyiQksfuZ;k ykl,aftfyl ds oSKkfudksa us ,slh fMokbl dh [kkst dh gS tksvkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ds tfj, çdk'k dh xfr lsoLrqvksa dh igpku dj ldsxhA

• 3Mh ekWMy ij vkèkkfjr bl fMokbl dk fuekZ.k ekuoefLr"d ds çfr:i ds :i esa fd;k x;k gSA ,sls esa ;g MkVkdh cM+h ek=k ds fy, Hkh dk;Z djus esa l{ke gSA bldh ennls Mªkbojysl dkjsa rS;kj djus dh fn'kk esa enn feysxhA

• orZeku esa bl rduhd dk gksrk gS ç;ksx % ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQdSfyiQksfuZ;k ds 'kksèkdrkZvksa dk dguk gS fd orZeku esaoLrqvksa dh igpku daI;wVj vkèkkfjr çksxzke ds tfj;s dhtkrh gS] ftlesa daI;wVj ml oLrq dh iQksVks dk vU; iQksVksds lkFk feyku djrk gSA baVjusV ij lpZ dk Hkh ;ghrjhdk gSA

• ubZ fMokbl ,sls djsxh dke % fMiQjsfDVo Mhi U;wjyusVodZ uke dh fMokbl esa çdk'k ds tfj, oLrqvksa dhigpku foorZu ds fu;eksa ls dh tk,xhA ;g fMokbl fdlhoLrq ls vkus okys çdk'k dh fdj.kksa dk vè;;u djmldh igpku dj ldsxhA fMokbl esa ,Mokal daI;wVj

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çksxzke vkSj vfrfjDr ÅtkZ dh vko';drk ugha gksxhD;ksafd ;g fliQZ çdk'k fdj.kksa ds foorZu ;kuh mudsfdlh oLrq ls Vdjkdj eqM+us dh ?kVuk dk vè;;u djsxhA

• VªkaliksVZ vkSj esfMdy {ks=k esa Økafr % 'kksèkdrkZvksa dk dgukgS fd ;g ,vkbZ fMokbl Mªkbojysl dkjksa dh nqfu;k esaØkafr ysdj vk,xhA vHkh Mªkbojysl dkjsa iSVuZ eSfpax ijvkèkkfjr daI;wVj çksxzke ls gh lkeus ls vkus okyh oLrqvksadh igpku djrh gSaA çdk'k ds eqdkcys ;g çfØ;k dkiQhèkheh gSA

• çdk'k vkèkkfjr fMokbl dh enn ls dkj rqjar fj,DV djldsxhA lkFk gh bl fMokbl dh enn ls u, fMftVydSejs Msoyi fd, tk ldsaxs] ftlls esfMdy {ks=k esa Økafrvk,xhA blds vykok jkscksfVDl vkSj lqj{kk ds {ks=k esa HkhvHkwriwoZ ifjorZu ns[kus dks feysaxsA

• bl rjg fd;k gS rS;kj % ;wfuoflZVh vkWiQ dSfyiQksfuZ;k dsçksiQslj ,Mkstu vkstdSu dgrs gSa] bl [kkst ls vkfVZfiQf'k;ybaVsfytsal ij vkèkkfjr fMokbl ds fy, u, volj iSnkgksaxsA bls euq"; ds fnekx dh çfØ;k dk vè;;u djdsrS;kj fd;k x;k gSA

paæ;ku&2 dk ç{ksi.k Vyk

• pkan ij mrjus ds Hkkjr ds egRokdka{kh fe'ku paæ;ku&2ds ç{ksi.k dks fiQj ls Vky fn;k x;k gSA bls vDVwcj esaHkstk tkuk Fkk] vc ;g liuk tuojh 2019 ls igys iwjkugha gks ik,xkA ,d 'kh"kZ vfèkdkjh us ;g tkudkjh nh gSAcrk nsa fd paæ;ku&1 vkSj eaxy;ku fe'ku ds ckn paæ;ku&2bljks ds fy, ,d cgqr cM+k fe'ku gSA

• ^bljks ls tqM+s vfèkdkjh us uke ugha tkfgj djus dh 'krZij crk;k] ge dksbZ Hkh tksf[ke ugha ysuk pkgrs gSaA* vcpaæ;ku&2 fe'ku dks tuojh esa jokuk fd;k tk ldrk gSAbl lacaèk esa bljks vè;{k ds- flou ls laidZ ugha gks ik;kgSA vçSy esa mUgksaus ljdkj dks vDVwcj&uoacj esa gksus okysç{ksi.k dks Vkyus dh lwpuk nh FkhA

• paæ;ku&2 dh leh{kk djus okyh ,d jk"Vªh; Lrj dhlfefr us fe'ku ls igys vfrfjDr ijh{k.k dh fliQkfj'kdh FkhA paæ;ku&2 dks lcls igys vçSy esa gh i`Foh lsjokuk fd;k tkuk FkkA pkan ij jksoj mrkjus dh igyhdksf'k'k % paæ;ku&2 pkan ij jksoj mrkjus dh bljks dhigyh dksf'k'k gSA

• bl ij djhc 800 djksM+ dk [kpZ vk;k gS vkSj ;g pkands nf{k.kh èkzqo ij mrjsxkA pkan ds bl fgLls dh T;knktkap&iM+rky vc rd ugha gqbZ gSA bljks ds fy, Fkk cM+kèkDdk % bljks ,d lky ds Hkhrj nks cM+h vliQyrkvksa dks>sy pqdk gSA lky dh 'kq#vkr esa bljks us lSU; mixzgth,l,Vh&6, ç{ksfir fd;k Fkk] ysfdu blds lkFk bljksdk laidZ VwV x;k FkkA

• blds ckn izQsap xq;kuk ls ç{ksfir gksus okys th,l,Vh&11ds ç{ksi.k dks ;g dgrs gq, Vky fn;k Fkk fd dqNvfrfjDr rduhdh tkap dh tk,xhA

• fiNys lky flracj esa vkbvkj,u,l,l&1,p ukSogu mixzgdks ysdj tk jgs ih,l,yoh&lh&39 fe'ku vfHk;ku HkhvliQy jgk Fkk] D;ksafd bldk ghV 'khYM ugha [kqyus dhotg ls mixzg ugha NksM+k tk ldkA

mUur 3Mh fizafVax fof/ fodflr

3Mh fizaVj• 3D fizafVax ,d csgn ekWMZu rduhd gS ftls Fkzh Mkbesa'kuy

fizafVax ;k ,fMfVo eSU;qiQSDpfjax Hkh dgrs gSaA• bl rduhd ds tfj, fdlh Hkh vkdkj dks Bksl pht

(lqbZ] f[kykSus] gfFk;kj] twrs] gsYesV] lkbfdy Úse] dqNHkh) dks fizaV fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl fizafVax ds tfj, rS;kjfd, tkus okyh pht dh yackbZ] pkSM+kbZ] mQapkbZ] eksVkbZ]xgjkbZ lc dqN r; fd;k tk ldrk gSA

• 3D fizafVax dks ,fMfVo eSU;qiQSDpafjx blfy, dgrs gSa D;ksafdblesa fiazV fd, tkus okyh pht dks rS;kj djus ds fy, fizafVaxeVhfj;y dh ,d ds mQij ,d ys;j ds rkSj ij j[kk tkrk gSA;g lc dqN dEi;wVj ds tfj, vkWijsV gksrk gSA

• bl rduhd ds tfj, dksbZ pht rS;kj djus ls igys mldkfMftVy ;k opqZvy ekWMy rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA fMftVyekWMy ;k opqZvy ekWMy dEI;wVj xzkfiQDl lkWÝVos;j dstfj, rS;kj gksrk gSA

• ,d ckj opqZvy ekWMy rS;kj gks tkus ds ckn 3D fizaVj dstfj, NikbZ 'kq: dh tkrh gSA fizaVj ds badtsV gsM~l dstfj, fizafVax eVhfj;y dks ,d ikmMj csM ij Lizs fd;ktkrk gSA dbZ ckj vyx&vyx fgLlksa esa fiazV djds mlsvlZscy Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA

ppkZ esa• oSKkfudksa us ,d rst vkSj ykxr izHkkoh 3Mh fizafVax fof/

fodflr dh gS] ftldk mi;ksx lHkh jaxksa esa oLrqvksa dkseqfnzr djus ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA uSuks if=kdk esaizdkf'kr vè;;u ds eqrkfcd yksd fofuekZ.k] fpfdRlkmidj.kksa] iQS'ku vkSj ;gka rd fd Hkkstu lfgr O;kidvuiz;ksxksa ds fy, 3Mh fizafVax ds mi;ksx dh [kkst dj jgsFksA

• gkykafd] 3Mh fizafVax ds lcls dq'ky :iksa esa ,d cM+hdeh Fkh_ ;g dsoy mu oLrqvksa dks eqfnzr dj ldrk gStks Hkwjs ;k dkys jax esa gSaA

• vc] Lisu es a baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ iQk sVk sfud lkbalst(vkbZlh,iQvks) ds 'kks/drkZvksa us bl fof/ dks cny fn;kgS] rkfd ;g banz/uq"k ds lHkh jaxksa esa fizaV dj ldsA

ubZ fof/ dh fo'ks"krk• izfØ;k dh mQtkZ vko';drkvksa dks de djus ds fy,]

'kks/drkZvksa us ikWfyej ikmMj dks izdk'k laosnu'khyrkuked ;kSfxdksa dks tksM+k gSA

• IFCO esa xSjslheksl dkWULVSaVSVksl] jksesu fDoMsaV vkSj lg;ksxh,d iQksVkslsfuVj <wa<uk pkgrs Fks] tks ,l,y,l ;kuhSelective laser sintering fof/ }kjk jax eqnz.k dksl{ke djsxkA

Byju

's Clas

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• 'kks/drkZvksa us n`';eku izdk'k ds yxHkx ikjn'khZ gksus dsnkSjku LisDVªe ds fudV vojDr {ks=k esa n`<+rk ls vo'kksf"krdjus ds fy, lksus ds uSuksMksj rS;kj fd,A mUgksaus mUgsaflfydk ds lkFk ysfir (Coated) fd;k vkSj fiQj mUgsa3Mh vkWCtsDV~l fizaV djus ds fy, ikWyhekbM ikmMj dslkFk fefJr fd;kA

• bl nkSjku mUgksaus ik;k fd lksus ds uSuksMksj dkcZu CySd]mn~;ksx ekud dh rqyuk esa ystj ls izdk'k esa xehZ esaifjofrZr djus ds fy, cgqr csgrj FksA

• varr% 'kks/drkZvksa us dgk fd cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu dsfy, lkexzh ykxr izHkkoh gSA

D;k gksxk vlj• Fkzh Mh fizafVax rduhd us fMtkbu MsosyilZ dh dYiuk dks

tSls ia[k yxk fn, gSaA ,slk yxrk fd balku ftu phtksa dhdYiuk dj ldrk gS] mls Fkzh Mh fizaVj ls Nki dj fudykHkh ldrk gSA

• cgqr ls fMtk;uj vc 3Mh fizaVj dk bLrseky djrs gSaAfizaVj ls NksVh lh dqlhZ cukuk Hkh dksbZ leL;k ugha gSA xgusHkh daEI;wVj ij fMtk;u fd, tk ldrs gSa vkSj mlds cknfizaV fd, tk ldrs gSaA ekuus esa oDr yxrk gS ysfdu twrscukus dk fopkj Hkh dke dj ldrk gSA bl rjg LVkVZ vivkSj cM+h daifu;ksa vis vk;fM;k dks tYn vkSj fdiQk;rhrjhds ls ewrZ :i ns ldrs gSaA

isaxqbu dh la[;k esa rhoz deh

• gky gh esa fd;s x, 'kksèk ls irk pyrk gS fdfdax isaxqbu dh èkjrh dh lcls cM+h vkoklh; cLrhesa fiNys rhu n'kdksa esa 90 çfr'kr rd dh deh vkbZgSA

çeq[k fcanq• vkf[kjh ckj tc oSKkfudksa us izQkal ds nwjorhZ {ks=k vkby

vkWDl dkspUl] tks fd vizQhdk ds nf{k.kre fcanq vkSjvaVkdZfVdk ds yxHkx chp esa fLFkr gS] ij dne j[kk rksns[kk fd ;g }hi ,d ehVj yacs u mM+ ldus okys chlyk[k fdax isaxqbu if{k;ksa ls Hkjk FkkA

• ysfdu vaVkdZfVd lkbal esa çdkf'kr ,d vè;;u dsvuqlkj] gky gh esa mixzg }kjk çkIr rLohjksa ls irk pyrkgS fd bl }hi ij fdax isaxqbu dh tula[;k esa rhoz fxjkoVvkbZ gS vkSj vHkh orZeku esa yxHkx 2 yk[k isaxqbu gh 'ks"kgSaA

• ;|fi o;Ld isaxqbu Hkkstu gsrq ,d vofèk esa dqN fnuksads fy;s leqæ esa tkrs gksaxs] fdarq ;g çtkfr mRçoklugha djrh gSA

• bl vkoklh; cLrh us nqfu;k ds yxHkx ,d&frgkbZ fdax isaxqbudh vkcknh dk çfrfufèkRo fd;k gSA fdax isaxqbu dh lclscM+h cLrh esa vkbZ fxjkoV dh ot+g vHkh jgL; cuh gqbZ gSA

• blesa tyok;q ifjorZu dh Hkh ,d Hkwfedk gks ldrh gSA 1997esa fo'ks"k :i ls et+cwr ,y fuuks ekSleh ifj?kVuk us nf{k.khfgan egklkxj dks xeZ dj fn;k rFkk vLFkk;h :i ls eNyhvkSj fLDoM] ftl ij fdax isaxqbu fuHkZj djrs gSa] dks fdaxisaxqbu ds Hkkstu xzg.k {ks=k ls ijs nf{k.k esa igq¡pk fn;kA bldkj.k tula[;k esa deh vkSj fuEu çtuu nj ns[kh xbZA

• mRçokl ,d fodYi ugha gS D;ksafd fdax isaxqbu ds Hkkstuxzg.k {ks=k ds varxZr dksbZ vU; mi;qDr }hi ugha gSAvR;fèkd tula[;k lfgr vU; dkjd vkby vkWDl dkspUlcLrh esa isaxqbu dh la[;k esa vkbZ deh ds laHkkfor dkj.kgks ldrs gSaA

• vkbZ;wlh,u dh ladVxzLr çtkfr;ksa dh laj{k.k fLFkfr dhjsM fyLV esa fdax isaxqbu dks vHkh rd ^^ladVeqDr**(Least Concerned) Js.kh esa j[kk x;k gS] ysfdu u;kMsVk iquewZY;kadu dks çsfjr dj ldrk gSA

• fdax isaxqbu ,Eijj isaxqbu ds ckn nwljh lcls cM+h isaxqbuçtkfr gSA

xkvksiQsu&11

• vius egRokdka{kh çkstsDV csYV ,aM jksM bfufl,fVo(chvkjvkb) dh fuxjkuh ds fy, phu us ,d vkWfIVdylsaflax lsVsykbV ykap fd;kA

• xkvksiQsu&11 uke dk ;g lsVsykbV phu ds gkbZ fjtksY;w'kuvFkZ vkWCtjos'ku çkstsDV dk fgLlk gSA blds rgr phuekSle ds lkFk gh vkinkvksa dh fuxjkuh vkSj iwokZuqeku dsfy, dbZ lsVsykbV ykap dj jgk gSA

xksiky Ñ".k xkaèkh dksjktho xkaèkh lnHkkouk iqjLdkj

• egkRek xkaèkh ds çikS=k vkSj çfl¼ lekt lsod xksikyÑ".k xkaèkh dks 24 osa jktho xkaèkh jk"Vªh; lnHkkouk iqjLdkjls lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA

• 24oka jktho xkaèkh jk"Vªh; lnHkkouk iqjLdkj xksikyÑ".kxkaèkh dks dkSeh ,drk] 'kkfUr o lkSgknZ dks c<+kok nsus esamuds vçfre ;ksxnku ds fy, fn;k tk,xkA

Byju

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çFke usiky&Hkkjr fFkad VSadf'k[kj lEesyu dkBekaMw esa

• igyk usiky&Hkkjr fFkad VSad f'k[kj lEesyu nksuksa ns'kksa dschp vfèkd lg;ksx vkSj Kku lk>k djus ds fy, dkBekaMw

esa 'kq: gks x;k gSA• mís'; % f'k[kj lEesyu dk eq[; mís'; nksuksa ns'kksa esa

fopkj&foe'kks± ds chp cgqeq[kh lg;ksx ds ekè;e lsHkkjr vkSj usiky ds chp f}i{kh; lacaèkksa dks etcwr djukgSA

• bl vk;ksx us Hkkjr esa xfr'khyrk ds Hkfo"; ds mís'; lsoSf'od xfr'khyrk ^gSdFkkWu&ewo gSd* dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kgSA uhfr vk;ksx

• bl vk;ksx dks laoSèkkfud ntkZ nsus ls lacafèkr lafoèkkula'kksèku foèks;d dks yksdlHkk us 2 vxLr 2018 dks nksfrgkbZ ls vfèkd cgqer ds lkFk loZlEefr ls eatwjh çnkudj nhA jk"Vªh; fiNM+k oxZ

• ljdkj us 236 'kgjksa esa brus futh ,iQ,e jsfM;ks pSuyksadh bZ&uhykeh dks eatwjh ns nh gSA 683

• &&&&& us viuh ifj;kstukvksa gsrq 25]000 djksM+ #i;s dknh?kZdkyhu Í.k ysus ds fy, Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad (,lchvkbZ)ls djkj fd;k gSA NHAI

• &&&&& ljdkj us Hkkjr dk igyk CykWdpsu ftyk ykapdjus ds fy, 3 vxLr 2018 dks Vsd efgaæk U;wfDy;lfotu vkSj bysou iQkmaMs'ku ds lkFk le>kSrk Kkiu ijgLrk{kj fd,A rsyaxkuk

• yksdlHkk vè;{k lqfe=kk egktu us 3 vxLr 2018 dkslaln Hkou esa &&& ;kstuk ds rgr 5 djksM+oka ,yihthdusD'ku forfjr fd;kA çèkkuea=kh mTToyk ;kstuk

• bl ea=kky; us lkfgfR;d pksjh ij ;wthlh ds u, fu;eksadks eatwjh ns nh gSA ekuo lalkèku fodkl

• bl Hkkjrh; jsyos LVs'ku dk uke cnydj nhun;ky mikè;k;jsyos LVs'ku j[kk x;k gSA eqxyljk; jsyos LVs'ku

• vuqorhZ fpfdRlk laLFkkuksa esa ls ;g laLFkku ,El Lrj ijvixzsM fd;k x;k gSAesfMdy lkbalst laLFkku (vkbZ,e,l) & cukjl fganwfo'ofo|ky; (ch,p;w)] mÙkj çns'k

• ^fMiQsUl bafM;k LVkVZvi pSysat* bl Hkkjrh; 'kgj esa ykWUpfd;k x;kA caxyq:

• la;qDr jk"Vª 'kkafr dk;Z fe'ku la;qDr jk"Vª la?k }kjk vfèkÑrgSaA la;qDr jk"Vª lqj{kk ifj"kn

• bl ns'k dh laln us dkuwu esa ,d fooknkLin 'kj.k vkSjvkçoklu foèks;d ij gLrk{kj fd, gSaA izQkal

• MCY;wMcY;wbZ ds fjax esa dsu ds uke ls e'kgwj Xysu tSdcus vesfjdk dh ukWDl dkmaVh ds &&&&& dk pquko thrkgSA es;j

• vkWLVªsfy;k] vesfjdk vkSj bl ns'k us Hkkjr&ç'kkar {ks=k esacqfu;knh <kaps dks xfr nsus ds fy, Hkkxhnkjh dhA tkiku

• bl ns'k dks nks o"kZ ds fy, ,f'k;k ç'kkar çlkj.k fodkllaLFkku dk vè;{k pquk x;k gSA Hkkjr

• la;qDr lSU; vH;kl êS=kh 2018* bu nks ns'kksa ds chpvk;ksftr fd;k tk,xkA Hkkjr vkSj FkkbZySaM

• la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ls j.kuhfrd O;kikj çkfèkdj.k&1(,lVh,&1) ntkZ çkIr djus okyk ;g ns'k rhljk ,f'k;kbZns'k cu x;k gSA Hkkjr

• crkSj VsLV fØdsV dIrku lcls rst xfr ls 7000 ju cukusokyk f[kykM+h gSA fojkV dksgyh

• vk;jySaM us Hkkjr dks efgyk gkdh fo'o di dsDokVZjiQkbuy esa gjk fn;k] Hkkjrh; Vhe dh dIrku gSaA

jkuh jkeiky• ihoh flaèkq us fo'o cSMfeaVu pSafi;uf'ki ds lsehiQkbuy esa

ços'k dj fy;k] os Hkkjr ds fdl jkT; ls gSaAgSnjkckn

• yksdlHkk us jk"Vªh; [ksydwn fo'ofo|ky; foèks;d ikfjrfd;k] ;g fo'ofo|ky; bl jkT; esa [kksyk tk,xkA

ef.kiqj• lkmFk vizQhdk dh èkkod &&&&& us 49-96 lsdaM dk

le; ysrs gq, vizQhdh pSafi;uf'ki esa 400 ehVj nkSM+ esaLo.kZ ind thrkA dkLVj lsesU;k

• VksD;ks vksfyfEid [ksy bl o"kZ vk;ksftr fd, tk,axsA2022

• nwjlapkj midj.kksa ds fofuekZ.k dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;snwjlapkj fu;ked VªkbZ us bl o"kZ rd nwjlapkj midj.kksa dkvk;kr iwjh rjg ls can djus dh fliQkfj'k dhA 2022

• &&&&& us vkbZvkbZVh&dkuiqj ds lkFk jksVjh Mªksu dk liQyijh{k.k fd;kA ,p,,y

• U;kf;d 'krks± esa( vYVªk&ok;lZ dk eryc gSAfu.kZ; ysus ds vfèkdkj dh 'kfDr ls ijs

• Hkkjr ds Lons'kh ykbV dkWEcSV ,;jØkÝV (,ylh,) ifj;kstukdk uke gSA rstl

• iVdFkk ys[kd &&&&&& dk 70 o"kZ dh vk;q esa fuèku gksx;kA tyhl 'ksjokuh

• dsUæh; jsy] dks;yk] foÙk vkSj dkWjiksjsV ekeyksa ds bl ea=khus jsyos esa dk;Zjr f[kykfM+;ksa dks çksRlkgu ds fy, ,d ubZuhfr dks eatwjh nh gSA ih;w"k xks;y

• bl çfl¼ Hkkjrh;&vkWLVªsfy;kbZ xf.krK dks çfrf"Br iQhYMind* ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA v{k; osadVs'k

• fnYyh iqfyl vk;qDr &&&&&& us 3 vxLr 2018 dksnf{k.k fnYyh lfjrk fogkj iqfyl LVs'ku ls 13 fMftVyey[kkuk dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA vewY; iVuk;d

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B yju's Cla · B yju's Cla sse s 3 lelkef;dh vxLr &1 Byju's Classes : 9205881869 •blds vykok jsyos esa dk;Zjr os f[kykM+h Hkh blh rjg ls inksUufr ikus ds gdnkj gksaxs tks vtqZu@jktho