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B. Perkembangan Sistem Periodik Unsur Kimia

B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

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B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System. B. Perkembangan Sistem Periodik Unsur Kimia. Teaching Learning Objectivers. The student can explain Lavoisier elements classification. The student can explain Dobereiner elements classification. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

B. Perkembangan Sistem Periodik

Unsur Kimia

Page 2: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

The student can explain Lavoisier elements classification.

The student can explain Dobereiner elements classification.

The student can explain Newlands elements classification.

The student can explain formation Mendeleyev and Meyer able.

The student can explain formation the modern periodic table.

The student can explain correlation of electron configuration with period and group.

Page 3: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Pengelompokan unsur-unsur menjadi logam dan non logam.

Antoine Laurent Lavoisier mencatat 16 unsur logam dan 7 bukan logam

Page 4: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Dobereiner made groups of every three chemical elements with similar properties (triad) base on its atomic weight rising.

The classification of chemical element according to Dobereiner is known as Dobereiner triad law

Page 5: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Triad 1

Alkalin Metal

Triad 2

Earth Alkalin

Triad 3

Halogen

Lithium 7

Sodium 23

Potasium 39

Calcium 40,08

Stronsium 87,62

Barium 137,34

Chlorin 35,45

Bromin 79,91

Iodin 126,9

Page 6: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Newlands classified chemical elements based on its atomic weight rising.

Element properties will be repeated after every eight elements (Octave Law), it means that the 8th element will have similar properties with the 1st element.

Page 7: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Do

1

Re

2

Mi

3

Fa

4

Sol

5

La

6

Si

7

H 1

F 19

Cl 35,5

Li 7

Na 23

K 39

Be 9

Mg 24

Ca 40

B 11

Al 27

Cr 52

C 12

Si 28

Ti 48

N 14

P 31

Mn 55

O 16

S 32

Fe 56

Page 8: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Pada saat yang bersamaan di dua tempat yang berbeda tanpa kerja sama dan komunikasi dua orang ilmuwan, yaitu Julius Lothar Meyer (1869) dari jerman dan Dmitri Ivanoich Mendeleyev (1871) dari Rusia, melakukan penyusunan dan pengklasifikasian unsur-unsur berdasarkan kenaikan massa atomnya. Mereka menyimpulakan tentang adanya keperiodikan sifat-sifat unsur yang hampir sama

Page 9: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Lothar Meyer dalam pengkajiannya tentang fenomena keperiodikan unsur lebih condong pada sifat-sifat fisis unsur.

Mendeleyev mengamati keperiodikan dalam sifat-sifat kimia unsur, baru dikenal 65 unsur dengan menggunakan sistem kartu yang masing-masing dilengkapi dengan sifat-sifat unsur, unsur-unsur yang sifatnya sama dikelompokkan ke dalam golongan-golongan unsur.

Page 10: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 11: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Property Mendeleev’s Prediction

Observed Properties

Atomic Weight 72 72.59

Density 5.5 5.35

Specific Heat 0.305 0.309

Melting point High 947 C

Color Dark gray Grayish white

Formula of oxide XO2 GeO2

Density of oxide 4.7 4.70

Formula of Chloride XCl4 GeCl4

Boiling point of chloride A little under 100 84 C

Page 12: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Merupakan penyempurnaan sistem periodik Mendeleyev

Dikemukakan oleh Henry G Moseley Disusun menurut kenaikan nomor atom Terdiri dari lajur vertikal yang disebut

golongan dan lajur horisontal disebut periode. Dalam satu golongan mempunyai elektron

valensi yang sama dan memiliki sifat-sifat kimia dan fisika yang hampir mirip.

Page 13: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 14: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

The electron configuration of atom can be used to determine an atom position in periodic table.

Group number = valence

electron

Period number = number

of shell filled with

electronExample :

35Br Konfigurasi elektronnya 2 18 8 7Elektron valensinya : 7 Golongan VIIA

Jumlah kulit : 4 Perioda : 4

Page 15: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Vertically into Groups

Horizontally Into Periods

Page 16: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Golongan adalah kolom vertikal dalam SPU terdiri atas:

Golongan utama (A): IA sampai dengan VIIIA

Golongan Nama Golongan Golongan NamaGolongan

IA

IIA

IIIA

IVA

Alkali

Alkali Tanah

Aluminium

Karbon

VA

VIA

VIIA

VIIIA

Nitrogen

Oksigen

Halogen

Gas Mulia

Page 17: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 18: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 19: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 20: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 21: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

Golongan transisi (B) : IB sampai dengan VIIIB. Semua unsur transisi adalah logam

Terdapat deret lantanida dan deret aktinida• Perioda adalah baris horisontal dalam SPU, ada 7

perioda, dalam satu perioda memiliki jumlah kulit yang sama

Page 22: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System
Page 23: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

These elements are also called the rare-earth

elements.

Page 24: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System

The electron configuration of atom can be used to determine an atom position in periodic table.

Group number = valence

electron

Period number = number

of shell filled with

electronExample :

35Br Konfigurasi elektronnya 2 18 8 7

Elektron valensinya : 7 Golongan VIIA

Jumlah kulit : 4 Perioda : 4

Page 25: B. The development of Chemical Elements Periodical System