B cells

Humoral immune response

Antigen receptors on lymphocytes

Antigens: proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, small molecules

Conformational and linear epitops

Complex of peptide-MHC molecule on an APC

Linear epitops

B cell T cell

B cell maturation

B cell maturation

pro B

pro B

pre B

pre Breceptor

Active Btk enables:

survival, proliferation and further maturation etc.

Mutation of BTK gene:

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

(Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Btk

(Bruton’s tyrosine kinase)

pro B

immature B

IgM

pre B

pre Breceptor

pro B

pre B

pre Breceptor

IgMIgD

mature B

IgM

immature B

IgMIgD

CD40MHC II

B-7

Humoral immune response

Thymus-dependent(T-dependent, TD)

Thymus-independent(T-independent, TI)

Subsets of B cells

Phases of humoral immune response

Activation ofB cells

(two-signal requirement)

Activation of B cells(intracellular

signaling)

Functional consequence

sof B cell

activation

Functional consequence

sof B cell

activation

Functions of

antibody isotypes

Primary and

secondary antibody response