Aviation Medicine Quiz

Aviation Medicine Quiz

1. Toxic effects of O₂ was first reported by

A. Priestly

B. Beddoes and Watt

C. Lavoisier and Seguin

D. Haldane

2. Father of Pressure Physiology is

A. Haldane

B. Paul Bert

C. Davidson

D. Watt

3. Father of modern Hyperbaric Medicine

A. Boerema

B. Paul Bert

C. Illingworth

D. Brummelkamp

4. In vivo marker of active oxygen products with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT)

A. Increased urine creatinine

B. Increased serum acetylamine

C. Increased urine Methyl Guanidine

D. Decreased serum creatinine

5. Uraemin toxin is

A. Urinary Cyanocobalamine

B. Urinary acetyle guanidine

C. Urinary creatinine

D. Urinary methyl guanidine

6. John Bean Effect of HBO is

A. Irreversible respiratory mucosal damage

B. Reversible neurological damage

C. Irreversible neurological damage

D. Toxic effects on mitochondria and cell death

7. One of the following is not an enhancer of O toxicity

A. Vit A deficiency

B. Aspirin

C. CO₂

D. Vit E deficiency

8. Which of the following parameter in the pulmonary function tests is reduced before any irreversible changes occur in the lungs?

A. FEV₁

B. VC

C. PEF

D. FEV₁%

9. One of the following can act as a protective agent against O₂ toxicity

A. Allopurinol

B. Ammonia

C. Epinephrine

D. Insulin

10. The only absolute contra indication for HBOT

A. Uncontrolled High Fever

B. Malignancy

C. Seizure disorders

D. Untreated pneumothorax

11. Commonest reported complication of HBOT is

A. Middle ear Barotrauma

B. Pulmonary Barotrauma

C. DCS

D. Anxiety reactions

12. The following is a reversible complication of acute exposure to HBOT

A. Cataract

B. Hypermetropia

C. Presbyopia

D. None of the above

13. One of the following statements is true

A. HBO increases the permeability of blood brain barrier

B. HBO decreases the permeability of blood brain barrier

C. HBO does not have any effect on the permeability of blood brain barrier

D. HBO increases the permeability of blood brain barrier only in the inflammatory conditions

14. The toxic effects of the following drug are decreased with HBO

A. Sulphonamides

B. Digitalis

C. Heparin

D. Aspirin

15. Pharmakokinetics of the following drug is not altered with HBO

A. Adriamycin

B. Mafenide acetate

C. Sulphonamides

D. Gentamicin

16. At the cellular level, Carbon Monoxide (CO) inhibits the following

A. Cytochrome α 1 Oxidase

B. Cytochrome α 2 Reductase

C. Cytochrome α 3 Oxidase

D. Cytochrome γ 3 Oxidase

17. The affinity of cyochrome oxidase to CO is-times more than that to Oxygen

A. 20

B. 9

C. 90

D. 200

18. Most common ECG abnormality in CO poisoning

A. Depression of ST segment

B. Prolongation of QT interval

C. AV Block

D. Extrasystole

19. A level of carboxy haemoglobin (COHb) at which the CO poisoning may be classified ad ‘Severe’ is

A. 5-10%

B. 10-20%

C. 40-60%

D. >70%

20. One of the following statements is true regarding the rationale for HBOT in infections

A. Bactericidal effect of Sulphonamides is increased synergistically ten to twenty fold with HBOT

B. HBO inhibits the endotoxin production

C. HBO detoxifies the oxygen labile exotoxin

D. The effect of HBOT is selective to gram negative bacteria

21. Commonest cause of gas gangrene

A. Anaerobic streptococci

B. Bacteroides

C. C1. Tertialis

D. C1. Perfringans

22. ‘Amsterdam therapeutic regimen’ of HBOT is used in

A. Non-healing ulcer

B. Gas gangrene

C. Crepitant anaerobic cellulitis

D. Osteoradionecrosis

23. The Marx protocol of HBOT for osteoradionecrosis is otherwise known as

A. The University of Miami protocol

B. Amsterdam Therapeutic regimen

C. Epsteins protocol

D. Rudge protocol

24. The following lesions of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw are directly allocated to stage III of Miami protocol except

A. Cutaneous fistula

B. Pathological fracture

C. Radiological evidence of bone absorption

D. Osteo radionecrosis of both maxilla and mandible

25. Chandler’s Grading system is used in the evaluation of

A. Osteoradionecrosis of vertebrae

B. Laryngeal radionecrosis

C. Mandibular radionecrosis

D. Radiation myelitis

26. Rate of O₂ consumption by the lens is

A. 2-5 ml/min

B. 0.2-0.5 ml/min

C. 25-50 ml/min

D. 100 ml/min

27. Most common indication of HBOT in ophthalmology is

A. CRAO

B. CRVO

C. Retinal detachment

D. Retinal neovascularization

28. Choose the correct statement

A. O₂ tension in the anterior chamber is higher than vitreous

B. O₂ diffusion across the cornea is more inwards than outwards

C. Retina has the lowest rate of O₂ consumption in the body

D. HBOT does not have any useful role in diabetic retinopathy

29. HBOT is indicated as a cost effective treatment in diabetic foot

A. Grade II

B. Grade III

C. Grade IV

D. Grade V

30. All the following changes in blood biochemistry are noticed in CO poisoning except

A. Increased serum lactate

B. Increased creatine kinase

C. Hyperglycaemia

D. Decreased pyruvate

The Aviation Medicine Quiz

1. First Indian Air Force pilot to eject in India.

A. AVM Parker

B. FO PK Circar

C. FO R Bedi

D. Flt Lt Jamsed Dordi

2. The Parachute Opening Shock (POS) ranges between

A. 8-12 G

B. 15-20 G

C. 20-25 G

D. 18-30 G

3. The Ejection Seat fitted in SU-30 MK(I).

A. ZVESDA

B. K-36 MK 2.65

C. K-36 MK 3.05

D. ACES-II

4. In a safe ejection envelop the whole ejection sequence to complete takes

A. 2.65 Sec

B. 1.65 Sec

C. 2.0 Sec

D. 3.0 Sec

5. In a Dual Ejection System the seat which fires first

A. Aft Seat

B. Fore Seat

C. BOTH Simultaneously

D. Simultaneously in opposite direction

6. The ‘q’ Force terminology in ejection – was derived from

A. Quick Force

B. Quantum Force

C. Quantity of RAM air pressure

D. None of above

7. Following are the advantages of Rocket Catapult over Cartridge Catapult except

A. Lesser Ejection Thrust

B. Lesser Duration

C. Lesser Ejection Minima

D. Lesser Wind Drag Force

8. The First Zero-Zero Ejection Seat was devised during

A. 1960

B. 1952

C. 1970

D. 1976

9. Capsule ejection is fitted in

A. F-111

B. X-B 76

C. Both

D. None of above

10. During an ejection, the maximum force per unit area is subjected to the spine at the level of

A. L₁

B. L₅

C. D₁₂

D. S₁

11. The G switch in the ejection mechanism gets activated if the aircraft speed exceeds

A. 350 knots

B. 250 knots

C. 150 knots

D. 450 knots

12. All of the following variables determine the quantity of POS, experienced during parachute opening except

A. Forward Speed of the aircraft

B. Altitude of Ejection

C. Position and Attitude of the man (Ejectee)

D. The harness system

13. Miniature Detonating Cord (MDC) contains

A. RDX

B. HMX

C. Both

D. RDX-75-F only

14. Following (Post-Ejection) stable spinal fracture the non-flying category awarded to a relatively asymptomatic aircrew is for a duration of about

A. 03 month

B. 06 month

C. 12 month

D. 06 weeks

15. Air Research and Development Command Manual (ARDCM) which is the basic guide for aircraft design, states that equivalent speed of and above requires n ejection system

A. 200 Knots

B. 260 Knots

C. 150 Knots

D. 100 Knots

16. The minimum force required to pull a Seat-Mounted Ejection handle on an average is

A. 45 lbs

B. 60 lbs

C. 15 lbs

D. 90 lbs

17. All the followings can be within the human tolerance limit of an ejection thrust except.

A. 25 G x 0.01 sec

B. 30 G x 0.03 sec

C. 16 G x 0.02 sec

D. 20 G x 0.03 sec

18. In an underwater ejection the escape is possible from a maximum depth of

A. 75 ft

B. 500 ft

C. 100 ft

D. 300 ft

19. In a zero-zero ejection seat, the minimum time required for a ballistically deployable parachute to open fully is

A. 0.8 sec

B. 1.2 sec

C. 1.5 sec

D. 1.65 sec

20. All the following factors are considred in the design principle of a Barostatic Time Release Unit (BTRU) except

A. Altitude

B. Attitude

C. Acceleration

D. Time delay

Quizs : Aviation Psychology

1. Under stressful situation, as explained by Yerkes – Dodson Law, the Extroverts are

A. Better than Introvert because of low arousal level

B. Better than Introvert because of high arousal level

C. Worse than Introvert because of low arousal level

D. Worse than Introvert because of high arousal level

2. Social psychology in aviation refers to

A. Crew Resource Management

B. Cockpit Resource Management

C. Cabin Resource Management

3. PABT (Pilot Aptitude Battery Test) consists of

A. INS-B (Instrument Comprehension Battery)

B. CVT (Control Velocity Test)

C. SRT (Situation Reaction Test)

D. SMA (Sensory Motor Apparatus)

4. Which of the following tests reveal the ‘personality’ of an Aviator

A. MMPI

B. WAT

C. SRT

D. 16 PF

E. All

5. Which of the following areas are not addressed during CRM training?

A. Group Discussion

B. Problem solving and Decision making

C. Leadership and Managerial quality

D. Situation Awareness training

E. Stress management

6. Psychological tests carried out during selection of candidate for flying branch assess which one of the following quality?

A. Psychomotor abilities

B. Adaptability under aviation stress

C. Suitability as a commissioned officer

D. ‘Hardiness’

7. Any of the following can be a presenting features of fear of flying (FOF), except

A. Continuous headache during a sortie

B. Suicidal ideas

C. ‘Brink of Success’ pattern

D. Frequent reporting of unserviceability of aircraft

8. One of the Scales used for personality assessment in EPI (Eyesenck’s Personality inventory)

A. Anxiety

B. Vigilance

C. Social boldness

D. Extroversion-Introversion

9. In cognitive psychology ‘Attention’ is a function of

A. Sensory memory store

B. Information processing

C. Sensory receptor threshold potential

D. Working memory

10. Loss of Situational Awareness (LSA) is different from spatial disorientation, in LSA

A. Information Processing is within physiological capacity

B. Errors are purely of human factor origin

C. Decision making takes place under stress beyond human coping capacity

D. Peripheral sensory receptors fail due to physiological limitations.

11. All of the followings are the sleep induced physiological functions, except

A. Restorative and growth inducing property

B. Tissue repair during slow wave sleep

C. Memory storage and organization

D. Immune system modulation

E. All are the true

12. At time decreased cognitive ability occurs in a “Glass cockpit” due to…..

A. Dehumanization due to Automation

B. Reduced performance due to low level of arousal

C. No “Joy” of flying

D. All of the above

13. The commonly used method of Behavioral therapy to eliminate Fear of Flying is

A. Flooding

B. Systematic Desensitizaiton

C. Bio-feed back mechanism

D. Yoga

14. Sleep deprivation and sleep loss are often associated with poor flying performance, it is due to

A. Vigilance and calculative task are seriously impaired

B. Mood Swings

C. Poor cognitive functioning

D. All of the above

15. According to Maslow’s personality theory, the highest need in the hierarchy is

A. Love need

B. Safety need

C. Biological need

D. Self actualization

16. All of the followings are described as “hazardous attitudes” in a pilot, except

A. Anti authority

B. Macho

C. Aggression

D. Impulsivity

E. Resignation

17. In the case of Head injury, serial neuro-psychological testing reveals that most of the recovery can occur within a period of

A. 3 year

B. 2 year

C. 6 months

D. Never comes back to normal

18. Of the Errors identified due to LSA, the most of them are

A. Failure to project the situation into the future

B. Failure to comprehend the situation

C. Failure to correctly perceive the situation

D. Failure to take appropriate decisions at the right time

19. The application of “Pilot Personality” in Aviation are all, except

A. CRM

B. Training

C. Flight Safety

D. Hypoxia Tolerance

20. Some cases of LBA with normal radiological anatomy, often suffer due to

A. Somatisation

B. Fear of Flying

C. PTSD

D. PIVD

E. MASTURA ROZALI 2008296874 ACC2205H

F. 3. Goal of the Firm. Evaluate the following statement managers should not focus on the current stock value because doing so will lead to an overemphasis on short term profits at the expense of long term profits.

G. Based on the statement, it is wrong decision.the managers need to focus on the current stock value because the goal of the goal of the financial management is to maximize the value of stock. By doing this the managers can avoid the problem such as there is no ambiguity in the criterion, and there is no short run and versus long run issue.

H. 6. Agency Problems suppose you own stock in the company. The current price per share is RM 25. Another company has just announced that it want to buy your company and will pay RM 35 per share to acquire all the outstanding stock. Your company’s management immediatly begins fighting off this hostile bid. Is management acting in the shareholder’s best interest? Why or why not?

I. Yes the management acting in the shareholder’s best interest because the management try to fight off this hostile bid to sell the share in the high price. By doing this the management enable to maximize the shareholder’s wealth.

J. 8. Agency Problems and Corporate Ownership. In recent year, large financial institutions such as mutual funds have become dominant owners of stock in the Unites States,and these institutions are becoming more active and corporate affairs. What are the implications of this trend for the agency problems and corporate control?

K. The implications of this trend agency problem and corporate control where is the managers would tend to maximize the amount resources over which they have control or more generally ,corporate power and wealth. This goal will lead to an overemphasis on corporate size and growth

L. 10. Goal of Financial Management, why is the goal of financial management to maximize the current share price of the company’s stock? In other words, why isn’t the goal to maximize the future share price?

M. The goal of financial management to maximize the current share price of the company’s stock because to maximize shareholder’s wealth. The goal of financial management is to make money or add value to the owners.the possible goals such as for survive, avoid financial distress and bankruptcy,beat the competition,maximize sale and market share,minimize costs,maximize profits.and maintain steady earning growth.

N.

O.

P. MOHD AZRUL HISHAM BIN PUTEH

Q. 2008297358

R. ACC2205H

S. 3. Goal of the Firm. Evaluate the following statement managers should not focus on the current stock value because doing so will lead to an overemphasis on short term profits at the expense of long term profits.

T. Based on the statement, it is wrong decision because the managers need to focus on the current stock value because the goal of financial management is to maximize the current value of stock. There is no ambiguity in the criterion, and there is no short run and versus long run issue.

U. 6. Agency Problems. Suppose you own stock in the company. The current price per share is RM 25. Another company has just announced that it want to buy your company and will pay RM 35 per share to acquire all the outstanding stock. Your company’s management immediatly begins fighting off this hostile bid. Is management acting in the shareholder’s best interest? Why or why not?

V. Yes the management act in the shareholder’s best interest because they try to fight off this hostile bid to sell the share in highest price that they can obtain and for maximizing the shareholder’s wealth.

W. 8. Agency Problems and Corporate Ownership. In recent year, large financial institutions such as mutual funds have become dominant owners of stock in the Unites States,and these institutions are becoming more active and corporate affairs. What are the implications of this trend for the agency problems and corporate control?

X. The agency problem will be decreased because the conflict are less and the control of corporate ownership are more established.

Y. 10. Goal of Financial Management, why is the goal of financial management to maximize the current share price of the company’s stock? In other words, why isn’t the goal to maximize the future share price?

Z. The goal of financial management to maximize the current share price and not maximize the future share price of the company’s stock is for maximizing shareholder’s wealth. The financial management want to make money or add value to the owners to convince them to invest more in the company. The possible goals such as for survive, avoid financial distress and bankruptcy, minimize costs and maximize profits.

AA.

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Seni aikido Elfira

Oleh KHADIJAH MOHAMAD NOR

AKSI tangkas Elfira yang kini merupakan pemegang tali pinggang hitam dalam seni aikido.

MULA terlibat dalam seni pertahanan diri aikido sejak berusia lima tahun, Elfira Ruizna Ramlan, 16, sudah begitu sebati dengan sukan tersebut.

Apabila semakin meningkat dewasa, anak sulung daripada enam adik-beradik ini semakin menyedari bagaimana latihan dan falsafah aikido telah banyak membantunya dalam kehidupan seharian.

Malah, sewaktu menjalani sesi latihan dalam mempelajari seni aikido, gadis ini menganggapnya sebagai medan untuk bergaul dan mengenali rakan-rakan baru.

Ditanya apakah keistimewaan aikido, Elfira pantas menjawab: “Seni ini tidak mengajar saya untuk berlawan atau mencari gaduh, tetapi mengajar saya untuk mempertahankan diri daripada terlibat dengan pergaduhan.”

Ikuti pandangan Elfira kepada GenK mengenai kesenian aikido yang sangat dicintainya:

GenK: Apakah cabaran yang dihadapi dalam mempelajari seni aikido?

Bagi saya cabaran paling besar apabila saya terpaksa berlatih bersama pelatih-pelatih yang mempunyai saiz badan yang lebih besar dan tegap. Ini membuatkan saya perlu bersedia mental dan fizikal untuk menghadapi mereka.

Selain itu, aspek pembahagian masa juga merupakan satu cabaran utama bagi saya kerana sebagai seorang pelajar, saya harus bijak menguruskan waktu antara latihan dan akademik.

Berapa lamakah masa yang diambil untuk menguasai teknik yang diajar?

Ia bergantung kepada teknik itu sendiri. Pergerakan asas tersebut boleh menjadi senang atau susah. Contohnya, satu teknik asas yang dipelajari sewaktu di peringkat tali pinggang rendah tetap mempunyai banyak perincian atau maklumat.

ELFIRA dan rakan-rakannya membuat persembahan di pusat beli-belah Berjaya Times Square baru-baru ini.

Bagaimanakah seni pertahanan diri aikido boleh membantu remaja terutama perempuan di luar sana?

Dalam seni aikido, ia menjadikan seseorang lebih fokus dan berdisiplin sekali gus mampu membentuk keperibadian seseorang. Bagi saya, elemen-elemen itu sangat penting untuk semua remaja perempuan kerana ia boleh membantu mereka dalam kehidupan dan juga keselamatan diri.

Boleh terangkan pada tahap manakah Elfira berada ketika ini dalam aikido?

Shodan atau Dan 1 iaitu pemegang tali pinggang hitam. Bagi sesetengah orang, Shodan adalah tahap tertinggi, tetapi jika mengikut bahasa Jepun, Shodan bererti ‘baru lahir’ dan bermaksud masih banyak lagi yang perlu dipelajari.

Apakah saranan Elfira kepada remaja di luar yang berminat mempelajari aikido?

Gunakan aikido sebagai satu aktiviti riadah atau satu aktiviti kecergasan. Dengan mempelajarinya, ia boleh mengurangkan tekanan yang dihadapi seseorang remaja di samping mereka dapat belajar cara-cara mempertahankan diri.

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Aviation Medicine Quiz