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Autoridade de Segurança
Alimentar e Económica
What is Risk Analysis in Food Safety and Nutrition?
From Risk Assessment
to
Risk-Benefit Assessment
FILIPA MELO DE VASCONCELOS GENERAL-SUBINSPECTOR
2
ASAE – Autoridade de Segurança Alimentar e Económica
The Portuguese ECONOMIC and FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY
Central Department of Public Administration
The National Authority responsible for law enforcement on food safety and economic activities in general (risk management);
The National Authority in charge to perform official food controls under MANCP;
Responsible for the Assessment and Communication of the potential risks on the food chain (risk assessment /RBA and risk communication);
The National FOCAL POINT and ADVISORY FORUM of EFSA
Responsible for the decision of sanctions and fines concerning administrative infringements;
The National liaison body with other Member States;
ASAE has Police and Crime Investigation Powers
3
ASAE’s Territorial Establishment
MIRANDELA DELEGATION
NORTHERN REGIONAL UNIT - PORTO
CENTRAL REGIONAL UNIT - COIMBRA
CASTELO BRANCO DELEGATION
SANTARÉM DELEGATION
SOUTHERN REGIONAL UNIT - LISBON
ALENTEJO DELEGATION - ÉVORA
ALGARVE DELEGATION - FARO
BARCELOS DELEGATION
TONDELA DELEGATION
VIMIOSO MEMORIAL
Headquarters + Food Safety LAB + 11 venues
ASAE Macro Organic Structure
Central Services
Lisbon • Official Control
Plans
• Legal Department
• Investigation of
Information • Logistics &
Management
Southern
Regional Unit (Lisbon)
Central
Regional Unit (Coimbra)
Northern
Regional Unit (Porto)
Food and Risk Analysis Departement
compliant samples
Analytical results
shown in ASAE
website
non-compliant samples
Non-criminal infringements
Criminal infringements
(Supported
by 6
specialised
Technical
Committees)
Food Safety Laboratory
Ph-Chemical Lab. Microbiology Lab. Beverages Lab.
Scientific Council
Additives and Contaminants in the Food Chain
Food, Health and Animal Welfare
Biological Hazards
Plant Health and GMOs
Nutrition and Food Allergies
Risk Communication
Chamber of
Tasters.
Mission
National specialized
administrative Authority within the framework of the Food Safety and economic surveillance
Responsável pela
RISK ASSESSMENT/ RBA &
RISK COMMUNICATION
Inspection and prevention of the regulatory
compliance of food and non-food activity
Principles
Scientific Independence
Caution
Credibility and transparency
Confidentiality
20-06-
2018 6
RISK: means a
function of the
probability of an
adverse health effect
and the severity of
that effect,
consequential to a
HAZARD
HAZARD: means a
biological, chemical
or physical agent in
conditions of food
or feed with the
potential to cause
an adverse health
effect
BENEFIT: means the probability of
a POSITIVE Health effect and/or probability of a reduction of an adverse health effect in an organism, system or Population in reaction to exposure to an agent
RISK ASSESSMENT
Scientific definition of what a danger represents for a population exposed to it. Prepared on the
basis of epidemiological, experimental and mathematical models, including a quantitative
component expression of uncertainty.
(SCIENCE BASED PROCESS)
Hazard Identification Hazard Characterization
Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization
RISK COMMUNICATION
Interactive Exchange of informations
Between RAssessors & RManagers,
and those involved in Food Chain
In order to
achieve a high
level of
protection of
human life and
health, the
legislation is
based on:
RISK MANAGEMENT The process, distinct from RA, of weighing policy alternatives in consultation with all interested parties, considering RA and other factors relevant for the health protection of consumers and for the promotion of fair trade practices & if needed, selecting appropriate prevention and control options. (POLICY BASED) RISK ANALYSIS
(Risk Analysis components
adapted from FAO/WHO,2009)
Sophie Privat
For ECOCERT
Information to risk management decisions
Questions for risk assessors to ask risk managers Are the risks sufficiently well defined to support a risk management
decision? Was the right problem analysed? Was the problem adequately characterized?
Questions for risk managers to ask risk assessors What effects might occur? How adverse are the effects? How likely is it that effects will occur? When and where do the effects occur? What are the critical data gaps, and will information be available in the near
future to fill these gaps? Are more iterations required? How could monitoring help evaluate the results of the risk management
decision?
CARRYING OUT traditional RISK ANALYSIS
The Risk Analysis process normally begins with a risk management
step, to define the problem, articulate the goals of the Risk Analysis
and identify questions to be answered by the Risk Assessment, if and
when one is required.
The science-based tasks of “measuring” and “describing” the nature
of the risk being analysed are performed during the RA
RM & RA are performed within an open and transparent environment
involving extensive communicatication and dialogue, in which a
variety of interested parties may participate
This RA process often
culminates with the
implementation of Risk-
reducing measures and
contínuous monitoring of
their effectiveness by
CA’s
• RISK ASSESSMENT TERMINOLOGY
Topics: Lexical Harmonization
Fundamental to successful Communicators terminologies used by RA Harmonize
For the CHALENGE OF≠MEANINGS between ≠ disciplines &≠ areas of science!
• Lexical Harmonization
Opportunity for the International Organizations EFSA- EUROPEAN FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY Review in 2012
CAC- CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMISSION OIE- WORLD ORGANIZATION FOR ANIMAL HEALTH
IPPC- INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION CONVENTION ATRAVÉS DAS CONVENÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS
SPS Agreement – Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
WTO-World Trade Organization
WHO- World Health Organization FAO- Food and Agriculture Organization
…
• Effective Communication LEXICAL HARMONIZATION /MATCHING Scientifics Opinions
↑ CLARITY
Identify RELEVANCE and address
the merits of the use of
quantitative and qualitative
expressions
Risk and UNCERTAINTY in Risk
Assessment
Improves the UNDERSTANDING of the
MESSAGE and Reinforces public
CONFIDENCE!!
20-06-
2018 13
20-06-
2018 14
20-06-
2018 15 From: Maarten Nauta, Geraldine Boué,
Morten Poulsen – DTU Food
National Food Institute ; ONIRIS-INRA
Understand what concerns people/what they
want to know CITIZENS & NETIZENS!!!
20-06-
2018 17
By 2050 we will be 9 billion people with almost 70% of the population living in urban areas.
How to feed a city is one of the great issues of our time!
The food cost and the amount that people are at disposal to pay is not equal. Most of the foods have a cost much superior that they cost.
Increasing volume of international trade.
Expanding international and regional bodies and
resulting legal obligations.
Increasing complexity of food types and geographical
sources.
Intensification and industrialization of agriculture and
animal production.
Increasing travel and tourism.
Changing food handling patterns.
Changing dietary patterns and food preparation
preferences.
New food processing methods.
New food and agricultural technologies.
Increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics.
Changing human/animal interactions with potential for
disease transmission.
The Food is sold 170% below its actual cost!
Poor nutrition is the main reason to
promote the many years of life we have with illness, and, these years have a cost, a damage cost!
The RBA have a major importance for Food safety and Nutrition
RBA provides scientific information that can be used to provide dietary advice and used as a basis of an important tool to policy-making
In PT, for instance, according the data published in last days by the coordinator of The
National Program to Promote an Healthy Life, We have :
1 Million diabetic people; almost 3 Million with high arterial pressure, and more than half of the PT population
around 6 Million suffers from Obesity
Thus, with oncology problems and this 3 pathologies our National Budget to Health is consumed at around 70%!!
• Exposure to personal risk is assumed as a daily challenge in our lives. Most of people consent that some benefits are achieved only if we incurring in some sort of risk, even that the sensation of a controlled situation isn’t more than a felling.
• As noted by Dutch Health Council, policy-making is not a scientific but a political and legislative process.
• RBA provides scientific information that can be used as a basis for policy-making.
• . Food Safety Authorities (FSA) must balance their action to provide food consumers protection as well as the correspondent assurance on the global fair trade
• FSA should integrate in their management measures a balance response aiming to achieve the compromise between the risk acceptable given the correspondent benefits
CONCLUSIONS
FMV - A "CAIXA NEGRA" do Sector Vitivinícola 24
THANK YOU!
FILIPA MELO DE VASCONCELOS