AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 1 Lecture 2 Content Drawing environment – Drawing equipment – Drawing setup

AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop Dr. Steve Ramroop04/21/23

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Lecture 2 Content

Drawing environment

– Drawing equipment

– Drawing setup


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Drawing equipment– Full description of all equipment is tedious and

unnecessary– Aim is to cover the essentials– Discuss:

Drawing boardsT-squaresSet squaresScalesProtractorsCurvesDividersCompasses

Drawing pensDrawing inkLettering pensStencilsErasersColorsDrawing paper

Plastic coated cardTracing paperTracing filmDetail paperBacking sheetsFixing


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Drawing boards:– Made in sizes to correspond with standard paper

sizesA1 -- 920mm x 650mm

A2 – 1270mm x 920mm

– Flat, smooth, do not twist or buckle– Soft enough to attach pins, staples, etc.

T-squares– Sizes correspond to lengths of drawing boards– Provides right angle straight lines that are

perpendicular to the drawing board’s edge


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Set squares

– Used for drawing vertical and inclined lines

– It is a triangle with an adjustable side

– Protect from damages


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Scales– Thin narrow strips of white or yellow

plastic with dimensions along each edge

– At various recognized proportions eg. 1:1, 1:10, 1:100, 1:250, 1:2500, etc.

– Scales normally 30cm or 15 cm long


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Protractor– Used for measuring or for setting out

angles– Divided into degrees– Center and diameter is shown

Curves– Called French curves or flexible ruler– Used to draw irregular or complex curves– Not recommended to draw regular shapes


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Dividers– Used for dividing lines into equal units and

for multiplying or transferring distances

Compasses– Used for drawing circles and arcs– Consists of a needle point leg, and the

other leg for a pencil attachment


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Drawing pens– Also called technical pens– Based on the fountain-pen principle, with ink

reservoirs– Nibs can be interchanged, ranging from 0.2mm to

1.2mm

Drawing ink– Waterproof (especially for drawings that are used

outdoors)– Pre-filled cartridges or filled straight from the

bottle


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Pens and stencils


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Pencils– Ordinary drawing pencils are made of cedar wood

with ‘leads’ of compressed clay and graphic

– ‘leads’ are made in varying degrees of hardness and softness ranging from the hardest, 9H, to the softest, 6B

– Most drawing are done in HB or F– Pencils require frequent sharpening– More popular are the clutch pencils


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Erasers– Used for alterations, corrections– Special ink eraser removes inks from

tracing paper and drafting film

Colors– Used extensively for drawings to represent

features– Used the primary colors (RED, YELLOW,

BLUE)


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Drawing paper– Machine made papers (eg. Cartridge)

which are used for exercises and line drawing

– Handmade or mould made papers which are used for rendering drawings


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Tracing paper and film– Specially treated paper and polyester film of

transparent or semi-transparent

Detail paper– Supplied in rolls and pads of 100 sheets– Up to A2 size

Backing sheets– Wooden drawing boards are covered with backing

sheets to provide a firm and even working surface

Fixings– Holding the paper to the board using drafting tape

or scotch tape


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Drawing setup in AutoCAD

Drawing units– Default in a new drawing is linear and

angular units which are set to decimal numbers

– Could use existing templates or start from scratch

– Set the length and angle types, and their respective precision


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Drawing size– Defined as the part of the screen in which you

draw– Involves setting:

1. GridPattern of regularly spaced dots used as an aid to drawing

2. LimitsSetting the coordinates of the lower-left (ll) and upper-right (ur) corners of the gridDefault (ll) is (0,0) while (ur) is set accordingly

Grid and Snap– Ensures lines are connected (snapped) onto

points as shown on the grid


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Documents

AutoCAD …. Lecture 2 Dr. Steve Ramroop 9/12/2015 GEM 1100 1 Lecture 2 Content Drawing environment – Drawing equipment – Drawing setup