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Australian forest and wood products statistics March and June quarters 2016
Research by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences
November 2016
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© Commonwealth of Australia 2016 Ownership of intellectual property rights Unless otherwise noted, copyright (and any other intellectual property rights, if any) in this publication is owned by the Commonwealth of Australia (referred to as the Commonwealth). Creative Commons licence All material in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence, save for content supplied by third parties, logos and the Commonwealth Coat of Arms.
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence is a standard form licence agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt this publication provided you attribute the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en. The full licence terms are available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/legalcode. This publication (and any material sourced from it) should be attributed as: ABARES 2016, Australian forest and wood products statistics, March and June quarters 2016, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Canberra, November. CC BY 3.0. Cataloguing data ABARES 2016, Australian forest and wood products statistics, March and June quarters 2016, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Canberra, November. ISSN 1449-1850 ISBN 978-1-74323-315-3 ABARES project 43559 Internet Australian forest and wood products statistics, March and June quarters 2016 is available at: agriculture.gov.au/abares/publications Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) Postal address GPO Box 858 Canberra ACT 2601 Switchboard +61 2 6272 3933 Email [email protected] Web agriculture.gov.au/abares Inquiries about the licence and any use of this document should be sent to [email protected]. The Australian Government acting through the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, represented by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, has exercised due care and skill in preparing and compiling the information and data in this publication. Notwithstanding, the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, ABARES, its employees and advisers disclaim all liability, including for negligence and for any loss, damage, injury, expense or cost incurred by any person as a result of accessing, using or relying upon information or data in this publication to the maximum extent permitted by law. Notice The detailed statistical tables can only be viewed in Microsoft Excel and are available on the ABARES website. Acknowledgements This report was prepared by ABARES Forest Economics section. ABARES acknowledges co-funding for this report by Forest and Wood Products Australia (FWPA) and the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources through ABARES.
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Contents Overview 1
Industry performance 1
Housing and other residential building commencements 2
Trade in wood products 3
Conclusion 6
Appendix A: Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables 7
AFWPS summary tables 7
Resource base 7
Logs 7
Wood products 7
AFWPS imports quarterly 8
AFWPS exports quarterly 9
Figures Figure 1 Sales and service income and value added, 2004–05 to 2014–15 1
Figure 2 Volume and value of logs harvested in Australia, 2005–06 to 2015–16 2
Figure 3 Dwelling commencements, 2005–06 to 2015–16 3
Figure 4 Value of wood product exports by product, 2011–12 to 2015–16 4
Figure 5 Value of wood product exports to key trading partners, 2015–16 4
Figure 6 Value of wood product imports by product, 2011–12 to 2015–16 5
Figure 7 Value of wood product imports from key trading partners, 2015–16 6
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Australian forest and wood products statistics ABARES
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Overview This issue of the Australian forest and wood products statistics (AFWPS) presents 2014–15 data for key indicators of domestic forestry sector activity, including sales and service income and industry value added. Interim estimates of the volume and value of logs harvested for 2015–16 are also included, along with housing and other residential commencements and trade statistics for wood products.
Conditions were favourable in Australia’s forestry sector in 2015–16, with interim estimates of the volume and value of logs harvested reaching record levels. Both domestic and international demand were strong over the financial year—dwelling commencements increased for the fourth year in a row and exports exceeded $3 billion, coinciding with falling shipping costs and a weaker Australian dollar.
China was a key trading partner in 2015–16, with total exports exceeding $1.3 billion and accounting for much of the growth in Australia’s total wood product exports over the year. Imports from China and Australia’s other key trading partners also increased, with Australia continuing to import highly processed wood products from a range of countries.
Industry performance Income and value added (2014–15) Indicators of Australia’s forestry sector activity were positive for 2014–15, which is confirmed by the latest ABS industry data. Forestry sector sales and service income grew strongly in 2014–15, increasing 11 per cent from $20.1 billion to $22.2 billion (Figure 1). The forestry sector’s value added (which measures the contribution to Australia’s gross domestic product) grew slightly, up 1.5 per cent to $7.8 billion in 2014–15. This was led by value-added growth in the forestry and logging industries; wood and paper products manufacturing recorded negligible change.
Figure 1 Sales and service income and value added, 2004–05 to 2014–15
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Log harvest volume and gross value of production (2015–16) Pending responses to ABARES gross value of production (GVP) survey, ABARES has developed interim estimates to accelerate the availability of data for log harvest volumes and values for 2015–16. Survey results for log harvest volumes and values in 2015–16 will be published in the next issue of the Australian forest and wood products statistics.
Based on ABARES interim estimates, Australia’s forestry sector has continued growing in 2015–16, with the volume and value of logs harvested in Australia estimated to have reached record levels. Volume of logs harvested is estimated to have increased by 7.7 per cent, from 27.4 million cubic metres in 2014–15 to an estimated 29.5 million cubic metres in 2015–16 (Figure 2). Value of logs harvested (valued at milldoor) is estimated to be up 11.6 per cent, from $2.0 billion in 2014–15 to almost $2.3 billion in 2015–16. If realised, these values would represent the largest log harvest volume and value ever recorded for Australia.
Figure 2 Volume and value of logs harvested in Australia, 2005–06 to 2015–16
Note: 2015–16 data are preliminary estimates.
Hardwood log harvest volume is estimated to have increased by 8.4 per cent in 2015–16, reaching 13.4 million cubic metres. Based on an estimated 6.4 per cent increase in hardwood log prices over the year, the total value of hardwood logs harvested is estimated to have reached $1.1 billion.
Softwood log volumes are also estimated to have increased strongly, up 7.2 per cent in 2015–16 to 16.1 million cubic metres. However, softwood log prices are estimated to have increased only moderately compared with hardwoods, with an average 1.0 per cent increase estimated for 2015–16. This led to an estimated 8.3 per cent increase in value of softwood logs harvested in 2015–16, to $1.2 billion.
Housing and other residential building commencements Housing and other residential construction is a major market for wood products and an important driver of economic trends in the forestry sector. 2015–16 marks the fourth year of consecutive growth in residential construction activity in Australia, with the total number of dwelling commencements 58 per cent higher than in 2011–12 (Figure 3).
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Nationwide, the total number of dwelling commencements in 2015–16 was the highest on record, increasing 5.1 per cent from 218 500 to 229 600. This growth came entirely from increases in the number of new other residential buildings (including units and house conversions), which increased 12 per cent from 101 800 to 114 000. In contrast, the number of house commencements fell for the first time since 2011–12, decreasing 0.9 per cent from 116 700 to 115 600. These figures extend the shift away from houses in favour of units that has been apparent since 2008–09.
Figure 3 Dwelling commencements, 2005–06 to 2015–16
Trade in wood products Over the past decade Australia’s trade in wood products has experienced strong growth, with the value of imports and exports reaching record levels in 2015–16 and total merchandise trade (imports plus exports) exceeding $8 billion for the first time.
Exports of wood products The 2015–16 financial year saw continued growth in the reported value of wood product exports, which increased 11 per cent from $2.8 billion in 2014–15 to $3.1 billion. This growth was primarily driven by increases in the value of woodchip and roundwood exports and, to a lesser degree, miscellaneous forest products exports (Figure 4).
In interpreting these figures it should be noted that the total value and volume of woodchip exports, and total exports, in 2015–16 will be understated due to confidentiality restrictions around softwood woodchip export data from March 2016 onwards. However, softwood woodchips account for a relatively small share of total woodchips exports, averaging less than 13 per cent of the total value of woodchip exports over the five years prior to June quarter 2016.
Despite the exclusion of softwood woodchip exports from the latest data, the reported value of woodchip exports reached record levels in 2015–16, increasing 15 per cent from $953 million to $1.1 billion. Hardwood woodchips, which have historically accounted for the majority of total woodchip exports in value terms, increased 20 per cent from $846 million to $1.0 billion.
The value of roundwood and miscellaneous forest product exports also reached all-time highs in 2015–16, with roundwood exports increasing 40 per cent from $313 million to $438 million and miscellaneous forest product exports increasing 46 per cent from $75 million to $110 million.
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Figure 4 Value of wood product exports by product, 2011–12 to 2015–16
Note: Softwood woodchip export data from March 2016 are confidential and are not presented in this figure.
In contrast, total paper and paperboard as well as recovered paper exports remained relatively constant over the same period, despite some variation within the sub-products of these categories.
Key export destinations In value terms, Australia’s top export destinations in 2015–16 were China, Japan and New Zealand (Figure 5), which together accounted for over two-thirds of Australia’s total wood product exports.
Figure 5 Value of wood product exports to key trading partners, 2015–16
Note: Softwood woodchip export data from March 2016 is confidential and is not presented in this figure. ROW is rest of world. The ‘Other’ export category includes sawnwood, railway sleepers, miscellaneous forest products, wood-based panels and pulp.
The reported value of wood product exports to China reached $1.3 billion in 2015–16. By value, exports to China alone accounted for 43 per cent of Australia’s total wood product exports, 57 per cent of total woodchip exports and 90 per cent of total roundwood exports in 2015–16.
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Japan was Australia’s second largest export destination in value terms, with exports valued at $427 million in 2015–16. Exports to Japan were almost entirely comprised of woodchips and accounted for 14 per cent of Australia’s total wood product export value and 37 per cent of total woodchip export value in 2015–16.
Exports to New Zealand increased marginally in 2015–16 to $317 million, accounting for 10 per cent of Australia’s total wood products exports by value. The major commodities exported to New Zealand included paper and paperboard, and paper manufactures—which include other paper articles that have had some further processing. These exports accounted for 25 per cent of Australia’s total paper and paperboard export value and 58 per cent of total value of paper manufactures exports.
Imports The value of wood product imports continued to increase in 2015–16, by 7.3 per cent from $5.1 billion in 2014–15 to $5.5 billion. This was primarily the result of growth in the value of imports of paper and paperboard, miscellaneous forest products, paper manufactures, and wood-based panels (Figure 6).
Figure 6 Value of wood product imports by product, 2011–12 to 2015–16
The value of paper and paperboard imports increased 3.6 per cent or $77 million to $2.2 billion in 2015–16 (Figure 6). This was driven by a 20 per cent increase in imports of household and sanitary paper from $254 million in 2014–15 to $305 million in 2015–16, and a 16 per cent increase in imports of packaging and industrial paper from $728 million to $845 million. These increases more than offset the 7.7 per cent decline in imports of printing and writing paper and 9.7 per cent decline in newsprint over the same period.
The value of miscellaneous forest product imports—which include essential oils, frames and mouldings—increased by 18 per cent from $1.1 billion in 2014–15 to $1.3 billion in 2015–16 (Figure 6). Imports of paper manufactures—which include other paper articles that have had some further processing—increased 14 per cent from $582 million to $662 million over the same period, reaching the highest level on record.
The value of wood-based panel imports increased 11 per cent in 2015–16 from $439 million to $489 million (Figure 6). The largest increases were recorded in plywood and medium density fibreboard, which both increased by 14 per cent in 2015–16. Other panels (including hardboard and veneer) and particleboard imports increased by 5.0 per cent and 3.3 per cent, respectively.
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Key import sources Compared with exports, Australia tends to import from a broader range of countries. In value terms, almost half of Australia’s total wood product imports in 2015–16 were from China, New Zealand and Indonesia (Figure 7).
Imports from China increased 13 per cent from $1.3 billion in 2014–15 to $1.5 billion in 2015–16 and were comprised primarily of paper and paperboard ($597 million), miscellaneous forest products ($402 million) and paper manufactures ($312 million). Imports from Indonesia also increased substantially, rising by 16 per cent from $427 million to $495 million. Similar to China, the top imports from Indonesia were miscellaneous forest products ($243 million) and paper and paperboard ($146 million).
In contrast, imports from New Zealand increased only modestly, rising by 4.1 per cent from $646 million in 2014–15 to $673 million in 2015–16. Imports from New Zealand were primarily comprised of sawnwood ($200 million), paper and paperboard ($166 million) and miscellaneous forest products ($108 million).
Figure 7 Value of wood product imports from key trading partners, 2015–16
Note: Country of origin for some printing and writing paper imports is confidential and not presented in this figure. ROW is rest of world. The ‘Other’ import category includes roundwood, pulp, woodchips and recovered paper.
Conclusion The forestry sector continued to grow in 2015–16, with strong domestic and international demand conditions helping to extend the gains made by Australia’s forestry sector over recent years. Residential building commencements continued to increase, reaching a record 229 600 units, and the value of wood product exports exceeded $3 billion for the first time.
China’s importance as a key trading partner was further highlighted in 2015–16 with woodchip and roundwood exports reaching record levels. However, Australia’s domestic wood processing industry continues to service a wide variety of markets, including domestic construction and other export markets such as wood-based panels and miscellaneous forest products.
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Appendix A: Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables AFWPS summary tables 1) Overview of the Australian forestry sector
Resource base 2) Land areas, by forest vegetation cover
3) Native forest areas, by forest type, ownership and state
4) Plantation areas, by type and state
5) Plantation establishment, by type and state
Logs 6) Logs harvested, by log type
7) Gross value of logs harvested
8a) Volume of logs harvested, by state and forest type
8b) Value of logs harvested, by state
8c) Volume of logs harvested, by state, forest and log type
9) Log price indexes, by log type
10) Gross roundwood equivalent of consumption, by wood product
Wood products 11) Production annual
12) Sawnwood production, by state
13) Sales and service income in forest product industries
14) Industry value added in forest product industries
15) Wages and salaries in forest product industries
16a) Employment in forest product industries (Labour Force survey)
16b) Employment in forest product industries (Australian Industry survey)
17) Capital expenditure in forest product industries
18) Disposal of assets in forest product industries
19) Selected price indexes
20) Apparent consumption of wood products
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21) Dwelling units commenced
22) Recovered paper
23) Imports
24) Exports
25) Imports from selected countries
26) Exports to selected countries
27) Selected trade unit values
28) Imports of secondary wood products
29) Exports of secondary wood products
AFWPS imports quarterly 30) Imports
31) Imports selected unit values
32) Imports of sawnwood, summary
33) Imports of roughsawn softwood sawnwood
34) Imports of roughsawn hardwood sawnwood
35) Total imports of roughsawn sawnwood
36) Imports of dressed softwood sawnwood
37) Imports of dressed hardwood sawnwood
38) Total imports of dressed sawnwood
39) Imports of miscellaneous forest products
40) Imports of veneers
41) Imports of plywood, by type
42) Imports of plywood, total
43) Imports of board products, by type
44) Imports of paper and paperboard, by type
45) Total imports of paper and paperboard
46) Imports of paper manufactures
47) Imports of recovered paper
48) Imports of pulp
49) Imports of secondary wood products
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AFWPS exports quarterly 50) Exports
51) Exports selected unit values
52) Exports of sawnwood, summary
53) Exports of softwood sawnwood
54) Exports of hardwood sawnwood
55) Exports of roundwood
56) Exports of railway sleepers
57) Exports of miscellaneous forest products
58) Exports of veneers
59) Exports of plywood
60) Exports of board products
61) Exports of paper and paperboard
62) Exports of paper manufactures
63) Exports of recovered paper
64) Exports of pulp
65) Exports of woodchips
66) Exports of secondary wood products
