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AAEC/E506
AUSTRALIAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIONRESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT
LUCAS HEIGHTS
B O I L I N G C R I S I S DATA FOR V E R T I C A L UPFLOW OF FREON-12
IN R O U N D TUBES AND A N N U L A R CHANNELS
by
J.R. STEVENSD.N. MILES
December 1980
ISBN 0 642 59702 2
AUSTRALIAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIONRESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT
LUCAS HEIGHTS
BOILING CRISIS DATA FOR VERTICAL UPFLOW OF FREON-12IN ROUND TUBES AND ANNULAR CHANNELS
J.R. STEVENSD.N. MILES
ABSTRACT
Results from boiling crisis ('burnout') tests, including associatedpressure drop data, are reported for vertical upflow of Freon-12 at a nominalinlet pressure of 1.0 MPa, in three round tube test sections (15 to 21 mminternal diameter, heated lengths 2.85 to 3.94 m) and four annular testsections of identical cross section dimensions (16 mm diameter inner tube and21 mm diameter shroud) with different heated lengths. The tests covered arange of values for coolant flowrate and inlet subcooling.
National Library of Australia card number and ISBN 0 642 59702 2
The following descriptors have been selected from the INISThesaurus to describe the subject content of this report forinformation retrieval purposes. For further details please refer toIAEA-INIS-12 (INIS: Manual for Indexing) and IAEA-INIS-13 (INIS:Thesaurus) published in Vienna by the International Atomic EnergyAgency.
BURNOUT; BOILING; HEAT TRANSFER; LIQUID FLOW; FREONS; REACTOR COOLINGSYSTEMS; COOLANTS; FLOW RATE; SIMULATION; WATER; PRESSURE DROP;SUBCOOLING; TUBES
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. TEST FACILITY
3. TEST SECTIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION
4. TEST PROCEDURE
1
1
2
3
5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS5.1 Freon-12 Rig Data Evaluation5.2 Data Presentation
444
6. CONCLUSION
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
8. REFERENCES
5
5
5
Table l(a)
Table l(b)
Table 2(a)Table 2(b)
Table 3(a)
Table 3(b)
Table 4(a)
Table 4(b)
Table 5(a)
Table 5(b)
Table 6(a)
Table 6(b)
Table 7(a)
Table 7(b)
Table 8(a)
Burnout Data
Test Section
Burnout Data
Test Section
Burnout Data
Test Section
Burnout Data
Test Section
Burnout DataHeated Inner
Test Section
Burnout DataHeated Inner
Test Section
Burnout DataHeated Inner
Test Section
Burnout DataHeated Inner
for Freon-12 in Round Tube Test Section
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Round Tube Test Section
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Round Tube Test Section
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Round Tube Test Section
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Annular Test Section:Tube
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Annular Test Section:Tube
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Annular Test Section:Tube
Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input
for Freon-12 in Annular Test Section:Tube
(Continued)
7
9
1011
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2122
CONTENTS (Continued)
Table 8(b) Test Section Pressure Drop Data for Zero Power Input 23
2526
Figure 1 Freon-12 test rig Actor
Figure 2 Actor rig flow circuitryFigure 3 Single tube test section 27
Figure 4 Annular test section 28
1. INTRODUCTION
A series of three round tube and four annular test sections has been usedon a Freon-12 heat transfer rig to obtain experimental flow boiling crisis('burnout') and associated pressure drop data. This program of experiments ispart of an investigation of the i e of the refrigerant Freon-12 as a modelfluid for high pressure water for burnout measurements under flow boilingconditions.
Tests were carried out on each section in turn at a constant nominalinlet pressure of 1.0 MPa (actual inlet pressures were in the range 0.98 to1.07 MPa), for a range of mass flowrates and inlet subcooling conditions.Results on the effect of pressure on burnout in round tube and annular testssections have been reported by IIic [1974a, 1974b].
2. TEST FACILITY
The ACTOR test rig (Figure 1) has been described in detail by IIic [1972].The flow circuitry of the rig (Figure ?) contains about 340 kg of Freon-12.The working fluid is circulated by a centrifugal pump, with a flow rate of 6.4
• 3 0 1
x 10 nr s and 43 m differential head, around a closed loop fabricatedmainly of approx. 30 m of 51 mm nominal bore mild steel pipe. The flow ismonitored by turbine meters after leaving the pump and before a 30 kW chillerunit and an 80 kW preheater unit which provide the required subcoolingcondition at test section inlet.
The maximum test section length is 5 m and the maximum electric power fortest section heating is 300 kW. Freon-12 vapour leaving the test section ispassed through two heat exchangers connected in series, where it is subcooledand condensed with water supplied from either a 0.5 MW or a 1 MW induceddraught cooling tower. Between the heat exchangers and the pump there is aconnection to a pressuriser which controls the loop static pressure by meansof a 3 kW electric immersion heater and a cooling coil in the partially filledvessel.
3. TEST SECTIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION
All test sections have been manufactured from stainless steel type 321with provisions for measuring pressure drop and attaching power cables(Figures 3 and 4). Relevant dimensions of the test sections are given in thefollowing table.
Test Section Geometry
IdentificationNumber
CE 27491CE 37338-1CE 37338-2A2E 47268-1A2E 47268-2A2E 47268-3A2E 47268-4
Heated Tube or ShroudLength Inside Diameter(mm) (mm)
286339402850876179127053620
16.0821.3415.3420.9520.9520.9520.95
Inner TubeOutside Diameter
(mm)
15.8815.8815.8815.88
The four annular test sections are of the same cross sectionaldimensions, with the inner surface heated but having different lengths(nominally 0.9, 1.8, 2.7 and 3.6 m). The inner tubes are made of stainlesssteel with a thick-wall copper tube of the same outer diameter brazed to eachend. The upper copper tail terminates in an insulated flange which providesone electrical power connection; the lower tail protrudes at the bottom endfor the other electrical power connection (see Figure 4). The inner tubes arelocated concentrically within the shroud by means of spacer elements whichconsist of three ceramic rods, 2.5 mm dia. x 13 mm long, equally spacedaround the inner tubes located as shown in Figure 4. The large pitch betweensets of spacers and the absence of spacer elements near the downstream end ofthe heated length (see Figure 4) are expected to ensure that the effect of thespacer elements on burnout conditions [IIic 1975] will be insignificant.
A chromel/alumel thermocouple sheathed in stainless steel is attached tothe wall of each heater tube at the downstream end, approximately 10 mmupstream from the power connection. In the case of annular test sections,attachment is made to the inner wall of the heater rod, the leads being takenoutside the tube via the hollow copper tail. Once wall over-heating (burnout)occurs, the signal from this thermocouple is transmitted to a temperatureindicator/controller, causing an immediate drop in the test section power. Aresistance type burnout detector is also fitted. The upper and lower halvesof the electrically heated walls of the test section form two arms of a
Wheatstone bridge; if the resistance of either half is changed owing to localover-heating, an imbalance is detected and the test section power isimmediately reduced.
A digital data logger unit records the data. Output is produced in twoways; a typewriter output allows data inspection after a test run, andpunched paper tape stores the data for later computer evaluation.
Test section pressure drop is measured with a diaphragm-type differentialpressure transducer which provides an electrical signal to the data logger.Power to the test section is determined from the product of the measuredvoltage and current. A calibrated precision electrical shunt is used forcurrent measurement and voltage is measured across the power attachments.
4. TEST PROCEDURE
The required flow and inlet subcooling conditions were established; atrial burnout run was then made by increasing test section power in stepsuntil an indication of burnout was observed. At this stage, power was lowereda little, say a few per cent, and, when the operator had judged thatconditions had settled, a data logger scan was made of all channels. This wasfollowed by small step increases in test section power while a continuous datalogger scan was taken of selected rig signals. When a burnout indication wasobserved, the data logger was stopped and the test section power reduced byonly that amount necessary to remove the burnout condition. A quick check wasmade of any obvious errors in the data just recorded. If an error wasdetected, or suspected, the run was repeated while rig conditions were stillsteady. When satisfied with the test data, the power was lowered by about 10per cent and the inlet subcooling and/or the flowrate changed to the nextpredetermined condition.
Zero power single phase pressure drop runs were carried out for eachflowrate. Generally these were done at the beginning of the day before thetest section power was applied. Two data logger scans were recorded for eachflowrate.
On those occasions when errors in the data logging necessitated a re-run,the correct values in the discarded run were compared with those of the repeatrun and found to be in excellent agreement (usually within ± 0.2 per cent).
Heat balance checks were carried out daily as a means of detecting drift andmalfunction in rig instrumentation. Errors of ± 3 per cent were judged to beexcessive.
5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
5.1 Freon-12 Rig Data Evaluation
A computer program was used to process the raw pressure drop and heattransfer data recorded on paper tape via the data logger. Operating data wererecorded for the test conditions (a) at pre-burnout (usually a few per centbelow burnout power); (b) at burnout; and (c) with no power applied to thetest section to determine the single phase pressure drop. Other program inputrequirements were: run number identification; test section geometryspecifications; and dimensions.
From the recorded data the program calculated the test section coolantmass flux, inlet subcooling, pressure drop, exit quality, and surface heatflux. The required fluid physical property information for the relevant flowconditions was calculated from information based on a fairly recent collationof physical property data for Freon-12 [Watson 1975].
5.2 Data Presentation
Separate output tables are presented for the pre-burnout/burnout data andthe zero power pressure drop data for each test section (see Tables 1-8).Each pre-burnout/burnout table of data provides the following informationconcerning the test section:
(i) identification number (engineering drawing number of test section);
(ii) material of construction (stainless steel material specification);
(iii) mode of heating (d.c. electrical resistance heating was used inall of these tests);
(iv) burnout detecting device (resistance type and/or thermocouple);
(v) geometry (heated length, distance between pressure taps, relevantdiameter(s), wall thickness); and
(vi) electrical resistance of heated section.
6. CONCLUSION
Boiling crisis tests on a number of round-tube and annular channel testsections have provided an extensive set of burnout data for Freon-12 over arange of inlet temperatures and flowrates at a constant nominal inlet pressureof 1.0 MPa. These will be useful for investigations on the use of Freon-12 asa model fluid for water in measurements of burnout conditions.
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Constructive comments of Dr K.R. Lawther, under whose direction this workwas carried out, are gratefully acknowledged.
8. REFERENCES
Ilic, V. [1972] - The AAEC Freon Rig ACTOR and Initial Boiling Crisis(Burnout) Results. AAEC/TM632.
Ilic, V. [1974a] - The Effect of Pressure on Burnout in a Round Tube Cooled byFreon-12. AAEC/E325.
Ilic, V. [1974b] - Effect of Pressure on Burnout in Annuli and a 10-rodCluster Cooled by Upflow of Freon-12. AAEC/E324.
Ilic, V. [1975] - An Examination of the Influence of Spacers on Burnout in anAnnul us Cooled by Upflow of Freon-12. AAEC/E349.
Watson, J.T.R. [1975] - Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerant 12. H.M.Stationery Office, Edinburgh.
7
TABLE l ( a )
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ROUND TUBE TEST SECTION
O R I G I N O F T E S T S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER" A T E R I A 1 OFMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR
HEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSINTERNAL DIAMETERWALL THICKNESSHEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C
A.A.E.C.CE 27491AS -G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE
2863.0 MILLIMETRES3200.0 MILLIMETRES16.08 MILLIMETRESL.14 MILLI METRES
0.033 OHM
* DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN
RUNNUMBER
0202760102027602*0202760302027604*0202760502027606*0202760702027608*
0302760103027602*03132760303027604*0302760503027606*0302760703id27608*
0402760104027602*0402760304027604*18402760504027606*0402760704027608*
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL.
1.0721.0671.0711.0711.0721.0721.0731.073
1.0721.0731.0721.0721.0731.0741.0741.073
1.0711.0721.0721.0721.0731.0731.0731.073
POWER
KILO-WATT
13.1813.6912.4513.4912.2612.7711.1311.59
16.1017.2515.9216.6914.8215.3213.4214.06
17.7119.0717.7318.4015.3716.8213.8815.18
PRESSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
23.824.725.424.3.23.523.221.521.0
35.935.535.334.433.733.331.931.2
41.039.839.638.938.637.837.536.9
EXITQUALITY
0.5540.5940.5350.599.0.5800.6080.5980.625
0.2970.3340.3290.3540.3550.3720.3810.402
0.2330.2690.2800.2960.2800.3180.3090.344
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
0.6540.6470.6720.6690.6600.6610.6620.662
1.1841.1841.1911.1911.1881.1851.1941.194
1.5061.5021.4831.4881.4771.4771.4831.478
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
29.9829.7724.3324.3318.9218.927.867.85
33.7230,7525.4525,4717.7117.748.258.24
29.9629.9724.9024.8717.2617.238.358.34
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
91.194.686.193.384.788.376.980.1
111.3119.3110.0115.4102.4106.092.897.2
122.5131.8122.6127.2106.3116.396.0105.0
CONTINUED
TABLE l(a) (Continued)
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWER
KILO-WATT
PRESSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
EXITQUALITY
04027609.04027610*0402761104027612*0502760105027602*0502760305027604*
0502760505027606*0502760705027608*0502760905027610*0502761105027612*
0602760106027602*0602760306027604*0602760506027606*0602760706027608*
0602760906027610*0602761106027612*0602761306027614*0602761506027616*
,075,074,073,072,070,072,072
1.071
,074,074,082,079,072,064,072
1.057
,076,092.071,072.073.070.073
1.064
,075,088,073.073.075.073,073
1.060
20.5221.2918.9319.9517.1918.6816.5717.11
22.1023.8719.8421.1915.6718.5815.5617.91
23.7126.0918.8720.3216.9118.8316.9618.02
25.8927.8819.9120.6017.2319.0916.8617.81
51.4505150535254.953.9
56.455.157.456.561.655.166.555.1
59.159.363.662.965.164.375.568.2
62.863.066.165.269,68,79,
0.0970.1100.1220.1380.1650.1870.2390.248
0.0370.0590.0610.078
1230.1610.1700.200
0
68.5
0.0140.0370.0610 .0770 .0770.0990.1580.168
0 . 0 0 70 .0260.0600.0670 .0670.0860.1320.141
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
2.4172.4162.4022.4052.4042.4092.3802.382
3.0533.0573.0413.0403.0293.0353.0423.060
3.4653.4433.5413,5293.5173.5143.5233.551
3.8683.8303.7293.7393.8623.8583.8673.886
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
31.5531.5025.3825.3416.3816.456.015.97
33.2133.2126.7726.6612.2811.926.175.52
34.3535.0121.1121.1516.4916.366.646.28
34.6235.1321.3621.3316.2316.177.937.36
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
141.8147.2130.9137.9118.8129.1114.6118.3
152.8165.0137.2146.5108.4128.4107.6123.8
164.0180.4130.5140.5116.9130.2117.2124.6
179.0192.7137.7142.4119.1132.0116.6123.2
TABLE l(b)
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
T E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N N U M R E R C E 27491
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESS.
M E G A P A S C A L
INLETTEMP.
DEG.C
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
PRESSUREDROP
KI1 OPASCA
S E C . M E T R E 2
1202760112027602120276031202760412027605120276061202760712027608120276091202761012027611120276121202761312027614
1.0711.0711.0711.0701.0701.0701.0691.0711.0711.0711.0711.0721.0701.071
22.122.323.223.223.223.122.922.923.523.523.923.924.024 .0
0.6710.6741.2061.2021.4541.4522.5072.5093.2263.1733.3823.3463.6763.661
39.339.340.340.841.341.446.046.050.050.151.451.854.354.2
10
TABLE 2 ( a )
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ROUND TUBE TEST SECTION
O R I H I N OF T F S T S E C T I O NT E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF C O N S T R U C T I DMMODE" OF nfl A T I ' iGBURNOUT DETECTOR
HEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSINTERNAL DIAMETERWALL THICKNESSHEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C
A.A.£.C.CE 37338-1S.S. AISI 321r-i «•» p i ^ - r » » c » « ^ 4 * i r i p -O . L, . rt t. S 1 O I M l\ U C.
RESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE
3940.0 MILLIMETRES3950.0 MILLIMETRES21.34 MILLIMETRES2.03 MILLIMETRES0.021 OHM
* DFNOTFS A BURNOUT RUN
''UNNMMB'ER
INLETPRESSURE
HE".A-PASCAL
18'!5760118057602*18?5760318:-157604*18/15760518357606*18^5760718^57608*
27^2760127-27602*27/2760327 1" 27604*27^2760527P27606*2702760727H27608*
P:i:*37601flf'3760?*01M3760301H37604*C'lf-37605IJ1P37606*31^3760701''37608*
11111111
11111111
11111111
. -"MR
.041
.141
. vT 4 1
./HI
. ?41
.5141
.•141
. ?l 4 ?
.341
.J141
.H4J
.041
.041
.044
.046
.'.'13?
.33^
.03°
.039
.?14f
.04?
. <i 3 9
. 0 4 '1
POWFR
KILO-WATT
192tl181917171616
23242?2321221820
29302«2925272223
.13
.10
..57
.19
.15
.94
.28
.74
.66
.78
.90
.71
.52
.22
.70
.02
.10
.65
.34
.23
.92
.16
.87
.73
PRFSS'JRDROP
KILO-PASCAL
2<i2726252.3232M19
35343333313P2827
4443434341403736
.1
.4
.3
.8
.7
. 47
. VJ
.9
.4
.1
.6
.2
.4
.8
. 5
.9
.9
.7
.R
.0
.3
.5
.5
. o
EXITQUALITY
0 . 6 8 50.731PI. 69'/0 . 7 2 90 .70?0 . 7 3 90 . 7 4 3
0.4710.5040.4930.5150.5090.528a.5020.539
0 . 2 9 70 .3250.3190 . 3 3 50 .3370 .3580 . 3 7 70 .392
MASSVELOCITY
MEGA&RAM
SEC.METRE2
P. 454P.454i* . 4 6 6D.465fl.4670.4673.47C0.47P
8.7730.7710.7590.76P0.7640.7660.76?0.762
1.23(31.2281.2421.2421.2371.2371.2341.232
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KI L O G R A M
33 .3431.3723.2423.2714.0714.102.832.82
26.7526.7722.6322.6414.9414.955.695.75
29.9029.9424.6924.6917.1517.155.145.18
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
72.476.169.572.664.967.961.663.4
89.693.886.789.881.584.170.875.8
110.2116.0107.3110.798.1102.886.689.8
11
TABLE 2 ( a ) (Continued)
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWER
KILO-WATT
PRFSSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
E X I TQ U A L I T Y
01037609fll«37610*0103761101037612*0103761301&37614*0103761501037616*
0PS3760102037602*0203760302'?37604*0203760502037606*02?3760702U37608*
1.0351 .0281.0411.0411.0411.0391 .0411.04?
1.035l.P!3?1 . 0 4 M1 .0351.041l.fMl1 .0391.040
3 5 . 4 935 .8531.3132 .7229.9130.932 5 . 8 828 .07
3 5 . 6 637.7933 .453 4 . 2 829.6532.3228 .7029 .65
5 5 . 855.15 3 . 852 .753.152 .451.14 9 . 9
6 2 . 961.762 .559 . 863.062 .36 3 . 863 .0
0.1750.1810 .2290 .2390 . 2 4 50.2570 . P 7 70 . 3 0 2
0 .0770.0960 . 1 4 4 "0.1510.1640.1880 . 2 3 80 . 2 4 6
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
1.8851.8841.88?1.88?1.8791.8801.88i?1.882
2.4832.4822.4882.4952.4702.4662.4602.459
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
32.5532.2820.1520.1415.3115.255.025.06
3?. 9732.8221.7221.5115.0715.084.734.75
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
134.3135.7120.4123.9113.2117.198.0
106.3
135.0143.1126.6129.8112.2122.4108.7112.2
TABLE 2 ( b )
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER CE 37338-1
RUN
NUMBER
0203760102037602020376030203760402037605020376060203760702037608
INLET
PRESS.
MEGAPASCAL
,041,041,040,041,041,041,042
1.041
INLET
TEMP.
DEG.C
22.822.822.522.422.522.422.122.0
MASS
VELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
0.7880.7871.2421.2431.8791,8822.4502.452
PRESSURE
DROP
KILOPASCAL
53.653.654.854.757.057.159.660.2
12
TABLE 3(a)
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ROUND TUBE TEST SECTION
ORIGIN OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR
HEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSINTERNAL DIAMETERWALL THICKNESSHEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C
A.A.E.C.CE 37338-2S.S. AS-G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE
2850.0 MILLIMETRES2860.0 MILLIMETRES15.J4 MILLIMETRES1.63 MILLIMETRES0,022 OHM
* DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWER
KILO-WATT
PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY ' VELOCITY
KILO-PASCAL
ME G A G R A M
SEC.METRE2
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
HEATFLUX"
KI L O W A T T -
METRE2-
1902760119027602*1902760319027604*1932760519027606*1902760719/127608*
0.9810.9850.9750.9750.9750.9750.9750.976
10.2011.4810.3910.8110.0110.33
9 . 4 29 . 8 2
2 3 . 822 .822 .52 2 . 421.321.219.819.6
0.6510 .7650.7120 . 7 4 50.7290 .7580 . 7 4 50 .779
0.5120 .5070.5110.5120.5170.5150.5150.514
24 .612 4 . 6 218.7318.7211.3311.33
3.373.41
7 4 . 28 3 . 675 .678 .772.97 5 . 268 .671.5
1902760919027610*193276111992761P*20327601.20027602*2022760320027604*
0.9750.0760.9760.9760.9730.974Pi. 9740.975
15.6416.7615.1316.0914.3014.3212.4013.60
41.74 2 . 041.341.040 .84 0 . 439 .639.7
0.2730 .3040.3010.3300.3330.3480.3370.371
1.4411.443,440.438.440.441.439
1,1.1,1,1,1.442
25.1125.1519.4719.4912.1612.224.524.57
113.8122.0110.2117.2104.1107.990.399.0
2002760520027606*20Z2760720027608*2032760920v)27610*20P2761120027612*
0.977P. 9770.9750.9760.9750.9750.9760.974
1819171816171415
.18
.22
.36
.55
.46
.17
.81
.56
5 2 . 652 .653.753.95 4 . 75 4 . 957 .957.3
0.1540.1732.1820.1950.2210.2350.2730.287
2 . 2 0 52 . 2 0 42 . 2 0 72 .2092.1932.1922 .2082.210
26.9026.9222 .432 2 . 4 614.1814.21
3.293.22
132.4139.9130.0135.1119.8125.0107.8113.3
13
TABLE 3 ( a ) (Continued)
NUMBER
2CH2761320/J27614*20^2761520P27616*20H2761720927618*20/>27619
23S27601
2302760323027604*23027605
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
0.9753.9770.983ft . 977fl.976tf . 976PI .961P.9720.9810.9800.9740.973•7.9743 . o 7 ?0.974
23?'27608» 0.973
P O W R R
K I L O -W A T T
23 .452 0 . 6 017.9713.4716.0817.9315.9717.1219.602 0 . 7 217.1718.2016.2617.8414.6016.85
PRESSUREDROP
KILO-PASCAL
59 .65 9 . 264 .563 .868 .06 7 . 879.176 .959. P59 .366 .?65 .969 .M68 .777 .97 8 . 4
EXITDUALITY
0.0800.0820.1330.1410.1580.1833.2260.2390.0680.0850.1450.1590.1680 . 1900.2090.242
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
3.0173.0143.0183.0163.0032.9993.0183.0273.0073.0002.9972.9972.9862.9833.0092.983
INLETSU8COOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
28.8928.9417.6717.5411.4011.382.542.7228.9828.9215.0114.9710.6310.572.292.28
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
148. 9150.0130.8134.5117.1130.6116.3124.6142.7150.9125.0132.5118.4129.9106.3122.7
TABLE 3 (b )
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
T E S T S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N N U M B E R CE 37338-2
RUN INLET INLET MASS PRESSURENUMBER PRESS. TEMP. VELOCITY DROP
MEGAPASCAL DEG.C MEGAGRAM KILOPASCAL
SEC.METRE2
2302760123027602230276032302760423027605230276062302760723027608
0.9720.9720.9710.9720.9710.9720.9720.972
23.623.724.424.624.925.025.125.0
0.5240.5231.4251.4282.1842.1832.9972.993
38.638.641.041.144.244.449.049.0
14
TABLE 4(a)
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ROUND TUBE TEST SECTION
ORIGIN OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONMODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTOR
HEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSINTERNAL DIAMETERWALL THICKNESSHEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C
A.A.E.C.CE 37338-2S.S. AS-G19-321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPETHERMOCOUPLE
2850.0 MILLIMETRES2860.0 MILLIMETRES15.34 MILLIMETRES1.63 MILLIMETRES0.022 OHM
* DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN
4UNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWFR
KILO-WATT
PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY VELOCITY
KILO-PASCAL
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
K I L O G R A M
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
P2':>676010 2 / J 6 7 6 0 2C'2^6760302'.1676040226760502^67606P2M760702367608
»
a
*
*
1ii_
11111
.044
.043
.344
.044
. « 4 3
.044
. P 4 4
.145
1-51119
109
1099
.57
.35
.95
.82
.81
.08
.18
.24
232322232?231818
.4
. 2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.8
.7
0 . 7 0 70 . 7 7 00.6900 . 7 6 80 . 7 6 50 . 7 8 40 . 7 4 80.768
0 .471P I . 4 7 40 .4860 . 4 8 5P .4810 . 4 8 40 . 5 0 4n j . 4 8 5
32.3032.2823.5723.5713.6913.72
5.885 .90
76 .982 .772.578 .871.473 .46 6 4 ? '67.3
1772760117.-I27602*17!/i?760317*127604*17^2760517027606*17'5?760717x127608*
3 .0391.04?1.H411.0411.0421 .04?1.04?1.043
12.1312.6011.7411.9010.8711.279.8810.25
26.425.925.425.324.123.722.121.9
0.5870.6170.6040.6110.6020.6290.6180.644
0.6410.6420.6450.6490.6470.6460.6530.651
2P.3828.4922.2822.2915.1015.103.943.98
88.391.785.486.779.182.171.974.6
24H2760124.':!?7602*2432760324U27604*24H2760524^27606*24/12760724f''2760fl*
1.0441.045
1.M461.0461 .0461.046
14 .0415.1013.4514.2412.3212.9011.1011.64
33.833.333.132.731.030.529.729.4
0.3690.4120.3850.4180.4270.4520.4370. 459
,028.028
1.033,031.023,021,023
1.021
28.1828.1922 .5822.6111.8511.86
4.211.20
102.2110.0
97 .9103.7
89.793 .980.884.7
15
TABLE 4 ( a ) (Continued)
NUMBERINLET
PRESSURE
MEGA-
17?',2760117227602*17P2760317^27604*17;)?760517p'27606*17.-12760717^27608*
17C.2760917U27610*1892760118'<'27602»18&27603IR '027604*18^2760518T127606*
1.114?1.0431.3441 . M 4 31 . H 4 41.0451 . 0431 .043
1.0431.0451 . B 4 ?1 . 0 4 21 .0431.0411.0431.343
POWF.R PRESSURE EXITDROP QUALITY
KILO- KILO-I V A T T P A S C A L
0.28K0.3050.3030.3163.3270.3370.3430.370
0.1740.1910.2250.2420.2400.2550.2780.293
16.1416.9515.7416.1614.5314.8612.9413.84
17.0718.7616.2417.0515.6216.3514.3715.11
4 P . 74 0 . 44 0 . 24 0 . 239 .239. H37 .637 .5
4 3 . 74 8 . 84 9 . 74 9 . 24 9 . 44 9 . 450.549 .5
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
1.4001.3961.3991.3961.3971.3961.3941.396
1.9891.9881.9921.9931.9871.9871.9981.996
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
28.282P.3223.8323.8116.0516.077.867.86
28.702K.6017.3417.3213.8713.875.445.42
HEAT.FLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
117.5123.4114.6117.7105.8108.294.2100.8
130.9136.6118.3124.1113.7119.0104.6110.0
TABLE 4(b)
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP- DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
TEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBER CE 37338-2
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESS.
MEGAPASCAL
INLETTEMP.
DEG.C
MASSVELOCITY
MEGARRAM
PRESSUREDROP
KII.OPASCA
SEC.METRE2
18027601 1.045 28.1 0.636 39.2
18027602240276012402760218027601180276021802760318027604
1.0441.0461.0461.0441.0441.0441.045
28.023.524.028.228.227.927.9
0.6391.0401.0471.3751.3761.9781.980
39.139.739.941.341.043.543.6
16
TABLE 5 (a )
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBE
O R I G I N O F TEST S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF C O N S T R U C T I O NM n n r nr H E .A T ! N GBURNOUT DETECTOR
HEATED LENGTH 876.3DISTANCE BETWEEM PRESSURE TAPS 863.6SHROUD INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88WALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 1.98HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.008
A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-1S.S A I S I 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPE
MILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM
» DENOTES A BURNOUT RUN
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWFR
KILO-WATT
PRFSSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
EXITQUALITY
0402770104027702*04^2770304027704*0402770504^27706*0402770704R27708*
0732770107027702*0702770307027704*0702770507027706*0702770707C27708*
0732770907027710*07R2771107327712*070277130732.7714*0702771507027716*
1.0401.0411.0411.0421.04?1.0431.0421.043
1.041i.0361.0383 .0391.0391.0401.0391,040
1.0371.0391 .0401,0411.0401.042l.*)401.041
5 .295.654 . 7 05.124 .384 . 8 43 .944.31
7 .067 .806 .547 . 2 46 .356 . 8 45.515 . 9 2
8 . 4 48.837 .548.357.157 . 4 75 .97
11.311.211.010.910.910.910.811.0
16.717.117.017.719.620 .22 2 . 423 .3
20 .320 .623 .221.123 .82 4 . 42 9 . 2
6.38 29.9
0 . 2 7 40.3030 .2800 . 3 2 00 . 2 9 80 . 3 4 40.3170 .348
0 . 0 2 20.0510 . 0 4 60.0710.1110.129P.1680.183
0.0030. 0140.0100.0320.0830.0910.1320.143
MASSVELOCITYMEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
0.5770.5820.5690.5690.5840.5780.5380.591
1.4651.4651.4951.4931.5311.5251.4991.499
1.9741.9721.9821.9821.9901.9901.9861.987
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
27.8827.9020.9821.0313.5213.565.695.73
30.7330.5024.5924.6514.9014.954.484.54
29.4929.5925.4425.4714.8614.944.784.84
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
121.1129.3107.5117.2-100.2110.790.198.6
161.6178.6149.7165.7145.4156.5126.1135.5
193.0202.0172.5191.0163.7171.0136.6145.9
17
TABLE 5 ( a ) (Continued)
RUNNUMBER
2802770108027702*0802770308327704*080277052-8027706*0802770708327708*
INLETPRESSURF
MEGA-PASCAL
1.038l.«381.0401.0441 .0401.3401.0391.041
POWER
KILO-WATT
9.8210.659.009.778.358.536.827.21
PRESSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
23.924.924.625.528.229.136.437.8
EXITUALITY
S.0280.010•0.0020.0140.0560.0670.1120.121
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
2.5052.5032.4972.4962.5122.5112.5122.509
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
31.3031.2925.7925.9615.7815.805.645.73
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRE2
224.7243.7206.0223.5184.1195.2156.0165.1
TABLE 5 ( b )
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-1
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESS.
M E G A P A S C A L
INLETTEMP.
DEG.C
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
PRESSUREDROP
KILOPASCA
S E C . M E T R E 2
040277010402770204027703040277040402770504027706040277070402770804027709040277100402771104027712
1.0371.0371.0381.0381.0381.0391.0391.0391.0391.0401.0381.039
23.523.624.424.425.125.225.525.525.725.725.825.9
0.5840.5910.9660.9711.4841.4901.9811.9821.9811.9792.5032.500
12.312.413.313.214.914.716.917.017.117.019.819.8
18
TABLE 6(a)
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBE
O R I G I N OF TEST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTION!MODE OF HEATINGBURNOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTH 1790.7DISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPS 1727.2SHROUD INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88HALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 4.80HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.010
A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-2S.S AISI 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPEMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM
* DENOTES. A BURNOUT RUN
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWER
KILO-WATT
PRESSURE EXIT MASSDROP QUALITY VELOCITY
KILO-PASCAL
MEGAGRAM
INLETSUBCOOLING
HEATFLUX
SEC.METRE2
KILOJOULE KILOWATT
KILOGRAM METRE2
18551770118^17702*18W1770318^17704*1881770518017706*1301770718017708*
1.0521.0511.05?1.3531.0521.3531.0531 .054
5.956 . 7 45.886 . 2 45.375.884 . 7 75.33
21.221. a20 .723 .419.619.719.219.0
0 .3650 .4390.4113 . 4 4 30 . 4 2 90 . 4 8 20 . 4 4 60.501
0 .5430 .5450 . 5 4 20 .5450.5340.5330 .5400.538
29 .0729.102 2 . 4 32 2 . 4 514.6014.62
4.334 . 4 0
66 .775.565.969 .960.165.953.559 .7
20K1770120017702*
2001770320L117704*2001770520017706*20B1770720017708*
.052,053
1.0521 .354.353,053.053
9.6310.68
8.699.677.928.736.76
29.829.7
30.130.530.73PI.931.2
1.054 7.62 31.7
0.2760.330
0.2800.3300.3090.3510.3030.348
.012,013
,030.030.020.020.024
1.023
33.8730.92
22.9823.0514.7414.747.627.65
107.9119.6
97.3108.388.797.775.785.3
21^1770121C17702*2101770321B17704*24F1770124017702*24R1770324017704*
.050
.353
.053,054,051.052,051
1.052
10.8211.7810.6310.968.979.707.938.34
36.737.938.838.941.342.544.445.0
0.1790.2140.2190.2300 .2280.2550 .2530 .268
. 439
.439
.429
.434
.466
.465
.4731.471
29 .8530 .022 4 . 2 724.3214 .2414.27
6.136.16
121.2131.9119.0122.8100.5108.6
88.89 3 . 4
19
RUNNUMBER
2421770524^17706*2431770724317708*2421770924017710*2481771124^17712*
2581770125017702*2531770325017704*2601770126317702*2601770326R17704*
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
1.0521.0561.0531 .0551.0531.0551.0531.055
1.0541.0581.0541.0601.0511.0541.0521.055
POWER
KILO-WATT
12.3314.5312.0012.70IK. 6611.578.569.74
15.2216.7213.4115.2111 .4012.419.7110.40
PRESSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
43.347.150.251.753.555.357.059.3
50.653.353.357.864.166.572.373.7
TABLE 6 ( a ) (Continued)
E X I TQ U A L I T Y
0.1160.1630.1770.1970.190
0.1960 .228
0 . 0 9 40.1270.1050.1440.1570.1790.1850.201
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
1.9531.9461.9531.9491.9551.9571.9621.957
2.3982.3962.4302.4212.4142.4152.3992.392
INLETSUBCOOLING
KILOJOULE
KILOGRAM
31.7031.8921.2421.3315.0215.086.977.07
33.3033.4826.3926.6714.6414.756.756.85
HEATFLUX
KILOWATT
METRES
143.7162.7134.4142.2119.4129.695.8109.0
170.4187.3150.1170.3127.7139.0108.8116.4
TABLE 6 ( b )
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER UNIT
TEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-2
RUN INLET INLET MASS PRESSURENUMBER PRESS. TEMP. VELOCITY DROP
MEGAPASCAL DEG.C MEGAGRAM KILOPASCAL
SEC.METRE2
15037701150377021503770315037704150377051503770615037707150377081503770915037710
1.044i.0441.0461.0461.0441.0461.0461.0461.0441.045
26.326.426.626.626.726.727,027.127.127.1
0.5850.5810.9920.9871.4971.4991.9951.9942.5072.507
23,523.225.425,228.728.733.033.038.538.6
20
TABLE 7(a)
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBEOR i r, IN nr TFST SECTIONTEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMRERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCTIONNOO'F OF HF.ATI,\'GBURNOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTH 27?5.0DISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPS 2705.0SHRnun INNER DIAMETER 20.95OUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBE 15.88WALL THICKNESS OF INNER TUBE 1.98HEATED SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C 0.023
A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-3S.S AISI 321D, C . ''ESISRESISTANCE TYPEMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESMILLIMETRESOHM
* UFNOTFS A BURNOUT PUN
DUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
POWFR
KILO-W A T T
PRESSURE EXIT MASS INLET HEATHROP QUALITY VELOCITY SUBCOOLING FLUX
PASCALMEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
KILOJOULE KILOWATT
KILOGRAM METRE2
?7P37701 •C7: '37702*l?7t'37703P7<?37704*f i7- i377051Z l7 r '37706*M7/i3770707J3770R*
1 . 0 4 41 . 'A 4 51 .0451 .3461 . tt 4 ri1 .0461.0461.047
6 .657 .336. i?36 .495 . 936.1*95 . 0 35. -11
343433343-5333333
.5
.5
.9
. 2
. 7
.3
.3
.8
0.3840.4133.3790.4190.421P.4390.429P. 461
3 . 5 8 70 .5870 .588^.5893 . 5 8 50 . 5 8 2M . 5 9 50.597
29.412 9 . 4 22 2 . 8 322.8716.5516.57
4.114.14
4 9 . 352.14 4 . 748.144 .045.137 .340.1
07^37709(!?7>?3771i?l*07^37711G7«37712»08'.i37701H8f 37702*08^3770338C37704*
1 .0471.0431 . M 4 71.^481.3461 .0471 . 1.1 4 61.047
99
B87fl6ft
.23
.65,59.91.73.715.48.74
484949495051525?
.6
. 1
.?.
.6
.R
.1
.5
.9
fl.272B . 2 9 50 . P 9 5 515.3070.3110 .3280 . 3 2 80 . 3 4 2
1.0061.3061.0021. 3001.0000.9990.9950 .996
20 .5629 .602 3 . 2 723.3114.8514.89
4 . 4 24 . 4 4
68 .471.66 3 . 766.15 7 . 359 .74 8 . 050 .0
C 5 9 V I 3 7 7 0 5«8 ' '37706*08-537707
fil8-' '37709P3/3771PI*08)3771103/J37712*
1.046l.i?.5/l1 . I! 4 81.0491 . M431.349
12.0612.9913.2711.23
9 . 3 79 . 7 07 . 7 38. "13
65 .56 7 . 26 4 . 566 .871.67 2 . 87 8 . 37 9 . £
0.2110.2440.1910.225P.2370.2490.2600.269
,489,..483.507.504.504.505.501
1.50U
30.813P.9024.4924.6614.8714.895.045.09
39.496.376.183.269.471.957.759.5
21
TABLE 7 ( a ) (Continued)
RUNNUMBER
INLETPRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
08"03";Ppf.
3771337714*37701
09237702*09/109009 «Pi 9^
09'-'p. 9 ''••(719 ,O 9 i-'!
3770337704*3770537706*
3770737703* .3772937710*
l?9i:>37721ffl 9 '.;.
091:'0 9 /:
37712*3771337714*
11111111
1. .111111i
.051
.053
.047
.049
.947
.049
.047
.34°
..147
.052
.351
.355,B4fl.051. 34R.049
POWFR
KILO-WATT
13141213101189
15161315121?99
. 7.51.75.30.93.41.31.09
.40
.68
.64
.20
.R0
.46
.58
.33
PRESSURDROP
KILO-PASCAL
78.80.83.85.93.94.106.107.
92.97.
' 95.101.121.122.139.140.
683117
19='
24576.
341
E X I T M A S SQ U A L I T Y V E L O C I T Y
INLETS U B C O O L I N G
HEATFLUX
0 . 1500.1760.1670.1830.199G.2120.2250.232
0.1060.1342 .1550.1500.1790.1000 . 2 0 20 .207
MEGAGRAM KILOJOULE KILOWATT
SEC.METRE2 KILOGRAM METRE2
98798R005996984
1.9781.9961.996
2.5192.5082.5082.4832.5132.5092.50P2.502
30.5430.6225.2125.3115.7715.875.455.51
31.8432.0526.2426.4714.1314.525.795.83
100107949881.084.565.367.4
114.2123.6101,112,88,92,71.072.9
.1,7.9.4
TABLE 7(b)
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
TEST SECTION I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBER A2E 47268-3
RUNNUMBER
09037701090377020903770309037704090377050903770609037707090377030903770909037710
IMLETPRESS.
MEGAPASCAL
050050049049048049049049049
1.049
INLETTEMP.
OEG.C
23.?23.323.223.222.923.423.123.122.723.2
MASSVELOCITY
ME G A G R A M
SEC.HETRE2
0.5990.5941,0091.2061.4921.4971.4961.4962.5202.519
PRESSUREDROP
KILOPASCAL
38.638.241.441.047.547.247.547.767.367.0
22TABLE 8(a)
BURNOUT DATA FOR FREON-12 IN ANNULAR TEST SECTION: HEATED INNER TUBE
O R I G I . ' J O F T E S T S E C T I O NTEST S E C T I O N I D E N T I F I C A T I O N NUMBERM A T E R I A L OF CONSTRUCT I ONMODE: OF HEATINGBURMOUT DETECTORHEATED LENGTHDISTANCE BETWEEN PRESSURE TAPSSHROUD INNE" DIAMFTFROUTER DIAMETER OF INNER TUBEWALL THICKNFSS OF INNER TUBEHEATEO SECTION RESISTANCE AT 20 DEG.C
A.A.E.G.A2E 47268-4S.S A I S I 321D.C. RESISTANCERESISTANCE TYPE
3619.5 MILLIMETRES3619.5 MILLIMETRES20.95 M I L L I M E T R E S15.88 MILLIMETRES1.98 MILLIMETRES0.031 OHM
* DFMOTES A BURNOUT RUN
NxUN INLET
PRESSURE
MEGA-PASCAL
1616161617171717
171.71717313117
'727701-.'2770P*'-••27703•',27704*•'27701-:27702*••i27703:"27704*
.27705227706*^27707P2770S*/37701337702*027701
17^27702*
11111111
1]111111
24^7701 124242424
242424
:'?7702*•:'27703''27704*'."27705;?770^*^27707i'27708*
1111111
B52..'53.35?.7151. 0 5 ?i.251..2)5?.052
.-359
.35 4
.053
.055
.054
.354
.353
.354
.049
. 5 rt
.949
. V 5 ?!
. P49
.ystf
.050
.051
POWER
KILO-W A T T
7766665S
0
1?89,q
a77
12131112in108a
. 7,6
.47
.=56
. P5
.18
.38
.63
.83
.60
.12
.36
.68
.43
.82
.12
.45
.68
.21
.82
.09
.21
.61
.1.0
.42
oRESSURDROP
KILO-"ASCAL
4646464645454545
656565666737697i;i
888991929697103104
.6
.4
.4
. 3
.4
.4
.1
.8
.2
.(3
.1
.2
. d_ 9.9• L
.3
.7
.9
. 7-
.3
.2
. 6
.2
EXITQ U A L I T Y
Z. 4450.4830.4550.4820.4560.4840 . 49P•3. 509
•1.3110 . 3 3 70 . 3040 . 3 4 8( 4 . 3 3 20 . 3 5 2f .3600 .377
0 . 2 4 80 . 2 6 63.2610.2710 . 2 7 70 .2910 .2850 . 2 9 5
MASSVELOCITY
DECAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
3.57313.5733.5850.5850.5779.5779.5803,580
3.9830.986d.9853.9861.0051.0070.9880.990
1.4791.4811.4901.4911.4831.4811.4841.486
INLETSUBCOOLING
K1LOJOULE
K I L O G R A M
2P.0929.122!?. 3022.041^.2115.245.195.19
29.2529.3221.9024.9817.2117.225.675.72
30.0733.1524.0824.1015.1815.214.624.66
HEATFLUX
KI L O W A T T
METRE2
39.141.436.338.033.735.331.232.3
53.256.149.153.646.748.839.441.3
70.273.265.567.056.658.844.946.5
23
TABLE 8(a) (Continued)
24'2770924P27710*24'/2771124^2771?*25F2770125-27702*
25^27701*
TNI.ETPRESSURE
PASCAL
1. .049
1.04°1.0513 . 0 4 S1 . '/14 93 . CM *\ . 319
POWFRDROP
25-2770S l.'/M°?5t-27706* 1.05425'127707 3..'-149?5J,.2770R* l.fr'5?25/27739 1.845
25^27711 3.r)5125??771?» 3.05?
K I L O -W A T T
15.0515.7214 .^414.4711.7112.71
9 . 3 49 .39
17.2618.3615.7616 .4212 .^23 3 . 4 3
9.8110 .33
i\ I LOP A S C
112. n315.6119.312?. 2128.4130.61 4 -1 . 43 4 ? . 7
3 3 4 . 414/1.4143.7151 .51 6 4 . 33 6 6 . 71.85.3186.4
EXITQUALITY
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
000021flfl3
00e0eagr»it'
.203
.223
.225
.236
.233
. 25P
.249
.758
.160
.185
.188
.703
.2^6
.719
.229
.735
1.1 .1.1.1.1.1 .1.
2.2.2.2.2 .2.2.2.
988980974973991986987988
4974865115045ltf50&485487
INLET HEATSUSCOOLING FLUX
isILOJOULE KILOWATT
KILOGRAM
2933242415154
4
31322424141544
.96
.06
.24
.33
.16
.23
.56
.59
.96
.18
.53
.64
.93
.04
.85
.88
METRE2
8387778064685052
95101879171745456
.4
.1
.8
.1
.9
.2
.1
.0
.6
.7
.3
.0
.0
.4
.3
.1
TABLE 8(b)
TEST SECTION PRESSURE DROP DATA FOR ZERO POWER INPUT
TEST SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBER A2E 47268-4
RUNNUMBER
25027701250277022502770325027704250277052502770625027707250277082502770925027710
INLETPRESS.
MEGAPASCAL
,048.049,048,048,048,048,048,048,049
INLETTEMP.
DEG.C
19.219.321.021.022.122.122.222.222.1
MASSVELOCITY
MEGAGRAM
SEC.METRE2
0.6030.6041.0031.0051.5091.5092.0242.0242.528
PRESSUREDROP
KILOPASCAL
51.651.656.156.164.464.476.076.290.6
1.048 22.1 2.529 90.8
25
SIGHT GLASS
EXPANSION JOINT
TEST SECTION
LEVEL SWITCH
PRESSURISER
80 kW PREHEATER-
INLET PRESSUREMEASUREMENTPOINT
INLET TEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTPOINT
30 kW CHILLERCONNECTIONS
FLOW CONTROL VALVE
MULTI-ORIFICE PLATES
TURBINE FLOWMETERS
DUMP TANK
ALTERNATIVECONNECTION FOR30kW CHILLER
WATER INLET
STRAINER
BYPASS VALVE
PUMP
HEAT EXCHANGER
WATER OUTLET
FIGURE 1. FREON-12 TEST RIG ACTOR
26
_.^^ Jf rf-I!^*__ 4
. A •"•!' »*:'« Vs _j
U
U
O_iu_
O
OH-u
csL14
O
27
PRESSURE TAPPING
WALL TEMPERATUREBURNOUT' THERMOCOUPLE
ON FIRST TEST SECTION(CE2749I) THE UPSTREAMPOWER CONNECTION IS 34cmDOWNSTREAM OF PRESSURETAPPING
PRESSURE TAPPING
EXIT FLANGE
+ ve POWER CONNECTION
RESISTANCE BURNOUTDETECTOR & VOLTAGEMEASUREMENT POINTS
-ve POWER CONNECTION
INLET FLANGE
tFLOW
FIGURE 3. SINGLE TUBE TEST SECTION
28
END VIEW OF FLOWCHANNELS IN FLANGE
FLOW XINSULATED ELECTRICALPOWER INPUT FLANGE
PRESSURE TAPPING
\
THREE EQUALLY SPACEDCENTRALISING SPACERS
CONSTANT SPACERPITCH 0-6m
PRESSURE TAPPING
HOLLOW COPPER TAIL
TEFLON PLUG WITH'0' RING SEALS
BURNOUT DETECTORLEADS
SHROUD
ATTACHMENT OFSPACER ELEMENTTO HEATER ROD
+ ve ELECTRICALPOWER CONNECTION
COPPER TAIL
2-5mm 0 CERAMIC CYLINDER.13 mm LONG HELD IN POSITIONBY SPOT WELDED NICHROMEWIRE THROUGH CENTRE
HEATER ROD 16mm 0
SHROUD 2lmm 0
CROSS SECTIONOF CHANNEL
FLOW
-ve ELECTRICALPOWER CONNECTION
FIGURE 4. ANNULAR TEST SECTION
Printed by the AAEC Research Establishment