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AUGMENTED REALITY
MALAYSIAN GREETING CARDS
ASMA’ RAIHANAH BINTI MOHD SAIDI
BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS
FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2020
AUGMENTED REALITY MALAYSIAN GREETING CARDS
ASMA’ RAIHANAH BINTI MOHD SAIDI
BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS
FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
JANUARY 2020
i
DECLARATION
I at this moment declare that this report is based on my original work except for
quotations and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has
not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan
Zainal Abidin or other institutions.
Signature:
______________________
Name: Asma’ Raihanah Binti Mohd Saidi
Date:
ii
CONFIRMATION
This project report entitled Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards prepared and
submitted by Asma’ Raihanah Binti Mohd Saidi, matric number BTDL17047934 and
in my point of view, this project fulfils a condition to be awarded a Bachelor of
Information Technology (Informatics Media) with Honours in Universiti Sultan Zainal
Abidin (UniSZA).
Signature:
______________________
Supervisor: Prof Madya Ts Dr Syadiah Nor
Binti Wan Shamsuddin
Date:
iii
DEDICATION
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, all praise is only for
Him the documentation and the system for the subject, CSF35204, Final Project II is
finished due the time. Never forget to my kind supervisor, Prof Madya Dr Syadiah Nor
Binti Wan Shamsuddin for the valuable idea, time, support, advice, guidance, and ideas
given through the development of research until complete the part of the project in
phase one. Also, I want to dedicate my appreciation to my beloved family that supports
and motivates me during process finishing project. Next, thanks a lot to friends that
willing to lend their hand for finishing the project. Lastly, thank you to everyone who
directly or indirectly involved in the process of making the system and documentation.
iv
ABSTRACT
Malaysia is a multi-cultural society. The main ethnic groups are the native Malays as
well as large populations of Chinese. When visiting the country it is clear that the
ethnicities retain their religions, customs and way of life. Augmented Reality (AR)
Malaysian Greeting Cards is an interactive mobile application that develops to show
how we celebrate festivals in Malaysia such as Eid Al Fitr, Eid Al Adha, Chinese New
Year and Independence Day. This mobile application is applied with augmented
reality technology which allows users to use it more attractive and real when they
want to express the user’s wishes through AR presentation to their relatives and
friends instead of using the paper card. AR is the augmentation of the real world
through the addition of three-dimensional (3D) virtual objects. By implementing the
technology of Augmented Reality, the mobile application will look more attractive
and real.
v
ABSTRAK
Malaysia adalah masyarakat yang berbilang budaya. Etnik utama adalah orang
Melayu asli dan populasi besar kaum lain adalah kaum Cina. Jelas sekali, bahawa
etnik di Malaysia ini mengekalkan agama, adat istiadat dan cara hidup mereka. Realiti
Semula Kad Perayaan Malaysia merupakan satu aplikasi telefon pintar yang interaktif
yang dibangunkan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana kita merayakan perayaan-perayaan
di Malaysia seperti Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Hari Raya Aidiladha, Tahun Baru Cina dan
Hari Kebangsaan. Aplikasi mudah alih ini diaplikasi bersama teknologi AR di mana
membolehkan pengguna menggunakannya dengan lebih menarik dalam membuat
ucapan kepada saudara mara dan rakan-rakan berbanding menggunakan kad kertas.
AR adalah pembesaran dunia nyata melalui penambahan objek maya tiga dimensi
(3D). Dengan menggunakan teknologi Realiti Semula (AR), aplikasi telefon ini akan
lebih menarik dan kelihatan lebih nyata.
vi
CONTENTS
DECLARATION
CONFIRMATION
DEDICATION
PAGE
i
ii
iii
ABSTRACT iv
ABSTRAK v
CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
LIST OF APPENDICES
xii
xiii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
1.2
Introduction
Project Background
1
2
1.3 Problem Statement 2
1.4 Objective 3
1.5
1.6
1.7
Scope
Limitation of Work
Expected Result
3
4
4
1.8 Chapter of Summary
5
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 Mobile Augmented Reality 7
2.3 Marker Based Augmented Reality 8
vii
2.4 Marker Based Augmented Reality Using
Android
9
2.5 Kineticards Brings Augmented Reality To
Greeting Cards
10
2.6 Overall Analysis 11
2.7 Chapter of Summary
13
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 14
3.2 ADDIE Development Model 15
3.2.1 Analysis Phase 15
3.2.2 Design Phase 16
3.2.3 Development Phase 19
3.2.4 Implementation Phase 21
3.2.5 Evaluation Phase 22
3.3 Framework 23
3.4 Hardware and Software Requirement 24
3.4.1 Hardware 24
3.4.2 Software 25
3.5 Techniques 27
3.6 Chapter of Summary
27
CHAPTER IV IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
4.1 Introduction 28
4.2 Implementation 29
4.2.1 Greeting Malaysia Interface 29
4.2.2 AR Camera 34
4.2.3 AR Marker 38
4.2.4 3D Model 43
4.2.5 Unity 3D 46
viii
4.3 Testing 47
4.3.1 Test Case 48
4.4 Chapter of Summary
50
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION
5.1
5.2
Introduction
Project Contribution
51
51
5.3 Problem and Limitation 52
5.4 Future Work 52
5.5
Conclusion
REFERENCES
52
53
ix
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
TITLE
PAGE
2.1 Comparison Table 11
4.1 Open Application Test Case 47
4.2 Home Page Test Case 48
4.3 AR Camera Test Case 48
4.4 Instruction Page Test Case 49
4.5 About Page Test Case 49
x
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Mobile Augmented Reality 7
2.2 Marker Based Augmented Reality 8
2.3 Marker Based Augmented Reality Using Android 9
2.4 Kineticards 10
3.1 ADDIE Development Model 15
3.2 Menu Page 16
3.3 Tutorial Page 17
3.4 About Page 17
3.5 AR Camera 18
3.6
3.7
Create Marker Based
Interaction Button
19
20
3.8 Develop On Unity 21
3.9 Framework 23
3.10 Marker Based 27
4.1 Home Page 29
4.2 Start Button 30
4.3 Instruction Button 30
4.4 About Button 30
4.5 Exit Button 30
4.6 Instruction Page 1 31
4.7 Instruction Page 2 31
4.8 Instruction Page 3 31
4.9 Home Button 32
4.10 Previous Button 32
4.11 Next Button 32
xi
4.12 About Page 33
4.13 AR Camera Page (Eid Al Fitr) 34
4.14 AR Camera Page (Eid Al Adha) 34
4.15 AR Camera Page (Chinese New Year) 35
4.16 AR Camera Page (Independence Day) 35
4.17 More Info Button 36
4.18 Home Button 36
4.19 Greeting Description (Eid Al Fitr) 36
4.20 Greeting Description (Eid Al Adha) 36
4.21 Greeting Description (Chinese New Year) 37
4.22 Greeting Description (Independence Day) 39
4.23 Eid Al Fitr Marker 39
4.24 Eid Al Fitr Features 39
4.25 Eid Al Adha Marker 40
4.26 Eid Al Adha Features 40
4.27 Chinese New Year Marker 41
4.28 Chinese New Year Features 41
4.29 Independence Day Marker 42
4.30 Independence Day Features 42
4.31 Eid Al Fitr 3D Model 43
4.32 Eid Al Adha 3D Model 44
4.33 Chinese New Year 3D Model 44
4.34 Independence Day 3D Model 45
4.35 Unity 3D Workspace 1 46
4.36 Unity 3D Workspace 1 46
xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS
AR Augmented Reality
2D Two Dimensional
3D Three Dimensional
ADDIE Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation
FYP Final Year Project
xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
TITLE
PAGE
A Gantt Chart FYP I 54
B Gantt Chart FYP 11 55
C Poster Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting
Cards
56
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real world
environment where the objects that reside in the real world. It is an enhanced version of
the real physical world through the use of visual elements, sound or other sensory
stimuli of interactive technology that give us a new way to interact in direct view of an
existing environment. It allows us to create the 3D object directly into physical things or
fused together in real-time. In this era of technology, there are various applications that
integrated with augmented reality technology.
2
1.2 Project Background
Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards is the apps of the cards to show
how we celebrate festivals in Malaysia such as Eid Al Fitr, Eid Al Adha, Chinese New
Year and Independence Day. This mobile application is applied with augmented
reality technology which allows users to use it more attractive and real when they
want to express the user’s wishes through AR presentation to their relatives and
friends instead of using the paper card.
1.3 Problem Statement
In a previous time, we only use the paper card to present or to wish someone for a
special occasion. This old school pattern will make peoples not interest to buy or to
present it in such way. Most of it only available in printed version and it is not
something that interactive to the user. Thus, the functionality of the object that
available in printed version or 2D is limited, user cannot see the real of how we
celebrate festivals in Malaysia.
3
1.4 Objective
The are a few purposes in developing the Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting
Cards which is :
1. To design the apps to express the user’s wishes through AR presentation to their
relatives and friends instead of using the paper card.
2. To develop an attractive card with augmented reality using the software which is
Maya 3D, Unity 3D, Adobe Photoshop and Vuforia.
3. To test the functionalities of augmented reality of Greeting Malaysia Apps.
1.5 Scope
The scope of this study is divided into 2:
1. User
The content is generally suitable for all ages and they also can experience to
see the virtual object appear in real-world with the animation.
2. Application
Augmented reality presented in 3D mobile application by using a smartphone.
The application will show how Malaysian celebrate the festivals.
4
1.6 Limitation of Work
The limitations in conducting this application the users need a mobile-based
application for start the augmented reality and only android version can access the
application. The technique of the application is marker based mobile AR.
1.7 Expected Result
The expected result of Malaysian Greeting Cards application after completing the
development is the user can view and express the information clearly with a good
interface. At the same time, the user can emphasize the button functionality on wide
space. By using the apps, user can experience a real-life festive celebration.
5
1.8 Chapter of Summary
This chapter discussed about the project background, problem statement,
objectives and project scope.
6
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Literature review means searching, collecting and analyzing any issues related
from the previous journal or research paper. The information that has been gathered is
about what method and what contributions that the research has been achieved in
improving the uses of the application. This chapter will be discussing the report
analyzing the approach and techniques that are going to be used in completing the
Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards project. This literature is made for
identifying the weakness or lacking of related literature review sources.
7
2.2 Mobile Augmented Reality
As computers increase in power and decrease in size, new mobile, wearable, and
pervasive computing applications are rapidly becoming feasible, providing people
access to online resources always and everywhere. This new flexibility makes possible
new kind of applications that exploit the person's surrounding context. Augmented
reality (AR) as an emerging technology in the mobile computing domain is becoming
mature enough to engender publicly available applications for end users. Various
commercial applications have recently been emerging in the mobile consumer domain
at an increasing pace.
Figure 2.1 Mobile Augmented Reality
8
2.3 Marker Based Augmented Reality
A marker is a piece of paper with black and white markings. This is used to
display the augmented object on your mobile phone’s screen. Marker-based
augmented reality uses a camera and a visual marker which determines the centre and
range of its spherical coordinate system. Once the marker is present one can view
augmented objects.
A camera is used with AR software to detect augmented reality markers as the
location for virtual objects. The result is that an image can be viewed, even live, on a
screen and digital assets are placed into the scene at the location of the markers.
Limitations on the types of augmented reality markers that can be used are based on
the software that recognizes them. While they need to remain fairly simple for error
correction, they can include a wide range of different images.
Figure 2.2 Marker Based Augmented Reality
9
2.4 Marker Based Augmented Reality Using Android
Augmented Reality or AR is an emerging technology in which one’s perception
of the real-time environment is enhanced by superimposing computer-generated
information such as graphical, textual, or audio content, as well as objects onto a
display screen. The proposed application is an android mobile based application which
will be compatible with all the existing and upcoming versions of the operating
system. The idea is to allow the user to view the virtual object in the real world using
a marker based AR system.
The user could provide images of the object which would be the front, back, top,
bottom, left and right side pictures of the object. They will be placed onto a 3D cube
which will make up the complete virtual object. Thus an extended environment will be
created through the amalgamation of real world and generated object and it will
appear as though the real-world object and virtual object coexist within the
environment. The advantages of this application as compared to the already existing
2D application are that it would display object in 3D and enable the user to rotate it
virtually. It is inexpensive as the user need not actually purchase the object to see how
it fits in the environment, instead he can try before the purchase itself.
Figure 2.3 Marker Based Augmented Reality Using Android
10
2.5 Kineticards Brings Augmented Reality To Greeting Cards
With Kineticards, costumers get a traditional greeting card with the details they
want along with a lively and innovative animation complete with sound that is
viewable in AR. What makes them even more appealing though is that the cards
making them a much more affordable solution. All the designs on the cards are
hand-drawn and giving them a sincere and organic feel which they feel has been
missing from traditional greeting cards for sometime. Animation and sounds have
been common in the form of eCards for some time, the media has yet to be seen in a
physical form which is where Kineticards comes in.
Figure 2.4 Kineticards
11
2.6 Overall Analysis
TITTLE AUTHOR TECHNIQUE ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Mobile
Augmented
Reality
Application
Tobias H.
Hollerer,
Steven K.
Feiner
Mobile AR
application
AR and wearable
computing are
rapidly growing
fields, as
exemplified by
the soaring
number of
research
contributions and
commercial
developments
since the mid
1990s.
It will take more time
for mobile AR to
reach the computing
mainstream.
Marker
Based
Augmented
Reality
Anuroop
Katiyar,
Karan
Kalra,
Chetan
Garg
Augmented
Reality,
Mobile
Augmented
Reality
The result is that
an image can be
viewed, even live,
on a screen and
digital assets are
placed into the
scene at the
location of the
markers.
Limitations on the
types of augmented
reality markers that
can be used are based
on the software that
recognizes them.
12
Marker
Based
Augmented
Reality
Using
Android
Mr.
Raviraj
S. Patkar,
Mr.S.
Pratap
Singh,
Ms. Swati
V. Birje
Augmented
Reality,
Android,
Marker,
Operating
System
Low cost devices
as compared to
the costly head
mounted display
devices.
Don’t need not
buy product and
then see how it
will suit with
environment.
Usually have low
screen dimensions
and resolution.
Kineticards
Brings
Augmented
Reality To
Greeting
Cards
Nikholai
Koolonavi
ch
Mobile
augmented
reality
Costumers get a
traditional
greeting card with
the details they
want along with a
lively and
innovative
animation
complete with
sound that is
viewable in AR.
Limitations on the
cards that can be used
are based on the space
that recognizes them.
Table 2.1 Comparison Table
13
2.7 Chapter of Summary
Basically in this chapter several research have been done in order to have a deep
understanding of the method that is going to implement in proposed application.
Besides a review of related existing systems also have been done at this chapter. From
the existing system, we can have an idea of how the proposed system can be developed
so that it is functioning well and beneficial to all the user. Moreover, there are some
advantages and disadvantages in every technique that has been considered in the
research.
14
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
In this chapter, it will explain the specific details on the methodology being
used in order to develop this project. In order to make sure the project is on the right
path, methodology plays an important role as a guide for the project complete and
working well as plan. The methodology for this application is ADDIE development
model.
15
3.2 ADDIE Development Model
The phase in ADDIE development model are: Analysis Phase, Design Phase,
Development Phase, Implementation Phase and Evaluation Phase. All the
methods and processes undertaken in ADDIE development model are more
visible.
Figure 3.1 ADDIE Development Model
3.2.1 Analysis
In this first phase, ideas are collected and categorized, identify the problem,
identify the problem and determine possible solutions. The main objective of this
phase is to come out with new idea and improvements to the current complaint
application. The analysis is also carried out by doing literature review on existing any
augmented reality project. Through the analysis, the weakness of the existing
augmented reality can be identified. All information gathered were used to develop
goals and objective of developing AR application. The software and hardware
requirement are also determined in this phase.
16
3.2.2 Design
In this phase, the idea application is development into an initial design of the
application. This phase will explain on the design of application will develop in the
form of 3D prototype. A very importance part of the design phase is to create the
storyboard described flow of the application.
i. Storyboard of the application
Main Menu
Figure 3.2 Menu Page
This figure show homepage or main screen. On this screen, there are 3 button
which is AR Camera when user tap icon start, How To and About.
17
Tutorial Page
Figure 3.3 Tutorial Page
This page show as guideline how to use this application.
About Page
Figure 3.4 Tutorial Page
This page describes the details of the application.
18
AR Camera Page
Figure 3.5 AR Camera
When user scan the card, the object will automatically pop out on the screen.
When user touch the sound button, the music will display and when user touch the
info button, the details of the greeting will display.
19
3.2.3 Development
The Development stage builds on both Analysis and Design phase. This phase
will develop the instruction, all media that will be used in the instruction and any
supporting documentation. During the development phase, the actual course materials
are created. In this phase, all step in development of the project are collected,
prepared, created and ready to be tested. In this stage, designers make use of the data
collected from the two previous stages, and use this information to create a program
that will relay what needs to be taught to participants. If the two previous stages
required planning and brainstorming, the Development stage is all about putting it into
action. This phase includes three tasks, namely drafting, production and evaluation.
i. Create Marker
Figure 3.6 Create Marker Based
This is first step before start build the 3D animation, create marker using Adobe
Photoshop. User can scan the marker and the 3D animation models automatically pop
out on the phone screen.
20
ii. Building environment AR using Unity Software
Figure 3.7 Interaction Button
Adding virtual buttons provide by platform of Vuforia to the scene, which simply
means that we add buttons to AR world, which can touch in the real world.
21
Figure 3.8 Develop On Unity
Create the menu of the application. Insert the Marker Based and create the scene
which is Navigation, AR Camera, Light, 3D Object and Scripts.
3.2.4 Implementation
In this phase, the another word is testing phase. Testing is one if the most
important in ADDIE development model. The application must be tested before
release to the user and sent to the supervisor for feedback. After feedback is received
from the supervisor, the required changes are implemented through the development
phase. When the second prototype is ready, it is integrated with the first prototype,
tested and the send to the user. The development, prototyping and testing phase are
repeated until the final application is ready. The final application is sent to the
supervisor for a final feedback.
22
3.2.5 Evaluation
Evaluation is the final phase of the ADDIE development model. After the testing
is completed and the final feedback is obtained from the supervisor, the application us
ready for the evaluate by the professional panel.
23
3.3 Framework
Figure 3.9 Framework
This Figure shows the framework of Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting
Cards. The user able to scan any image of the flashcard to display 3D animation
models using their device. Meanwhile, user able to choose any button in the
mobile application. Vuforia is a platform to create Augmented Reality for mobile
based. The database marker is saved there.
24
3.4 Hardware and Software Requirements
In the application development process, the requirement such as software and
hardware are the most importance requirement to ensure that all system development
work smoothly without any interruption and problem. There are several requirements
that were used to complete this project which include:
3.4.1 Hardware
Minimum hardware requirement needed in this development of this application are:
I. Laptop Lenovo Ideapad 320S
To create the sketches for the storyboard, card design, create code and 3D
model of animation.
II. Android Mobile
Use to run and test the application whether it work fine on the device or
not.
Use to play with AR experiences using mobile application.
The camera also used to scan the image of the flashcard.
25
3.4.2 Software
Software requirement of this project are:
I. Unity 3D
This software is the main software that should gather and combine of the
element that will be have on the application.
II. Autodesk Maya 2018
This software used to make animation, modeling, simulation, rendering of 3D
model.
III. Vuforia
This software is the platform that allow
application to have the feature of Augmented Reality on the devices.
26
IV. Microsoft Visual Code
Used to code the program the function in the application such as to make the
button functionality when user press the button.
V. Adobe Photoshop
Used to create design of the card and mobile app interface.
27
3.5 Technique
In Augmented Reality technique there are a few techniques can be use such as
Marker Based, Markerless, Superimposition and Projection Based. In this Malaysian
Greeting Cards project, Marker Based technique is implemented in the application.
Figure 3.10 Marker Based
3.6 Chapter of Summary
It is important to choose the right and suitable methodology for the development
of an application thus it is necessary to understand the application functionality itself.
In order to ensure the effective of the apps, good identification is required before the
development process begins. It also describes the analysis on the requirement that
related to the purpose of the project in order to complete the final product of the
Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards interactive mobile application.
28
CHAPTER IV
IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
4.1 Introduction
Testing and implementation are described to develop the application that
discussed in the previous chapter, verified to make sure that the application is error-free
and fulfill the user requirements. This chapter should finish before the application is
complete. Implementation are executed to ensure the system is developing according to
the main objectives of the application and fulfill the user requirement. Testing will be
executed the developer will recognize the detects as soon as possible and repair it
immediately. A successful test is one that can uncover errors.
29
4.2 Implementation
This project is implemented as an android application by using Unity 3D which
is integrated with Vuforia to help developer design, code, debug, test and execute the
main process of the project. This project also used the C# language to connect program
in the Android Studio to the Unity 3D. The apk file is build and being implemented on
Android smartphone to test effectiveness of the application.
4.2.1 Greeting Malaysia Interface
Figure 4.1 Home Page
Figure 4.1 as homepage or main screen of Greeting Malaysia. On this screen,
there are 4 button which is Start, Instructions, About and Exit. When user tap icon Start,
it will to proceed to AR Camera that allows user scan the marker. Meanwhile,
Instruction button as a guideline how user to use this application. Then, About button
describes the details of the application and Exit button will exit from the application.
30
Figure 4.2 Start Button
Figure 4.3 Instruction Button
Figure 4.4 About Button
Figure 4.5 Exit Button
31
Figure 4.6 Instruction Page 1
Figure 4.7 Instruction Page 2
Figure 4.8 Instruction Page 3
32
Figure 4.6, Figure 4.7 and Figure 4.8 as guideline how to use the application of
Greeting Malaysia. On this screen, there are 3 button which is Previous, Next, and
Home. When user touch the Previous button, it will go to previous page and Next
button, it will to proceed to next page of the instruction. Home button is directed to the
homepage of the application.
Figure 4.9 Home Button
Figure 4.10 Previous Button
Figure 4.11 Next Button
33
Figure 4.12 About Page
Figure 4.12 describes the details of the application. On this screen, there is
Home button, directed to the homepage of this application.
34
4.2.2 AR Camera
Figure 4.13 AR Camera Page (Eid Al Fitr)
Figure 4.14 AR Camera Page (Eid Al Adha)
35
Figure 4.15 AR Camera Page (Chinese New Year)
Figure 4.16 AR Camera Page (Independence Day)
Figure 4.13 until figure 4.16 show the scene of AR camera page for user scan the
card. On this screen, there are 2 button which is More Info and Home. When user scan
the card, the object will automatically pop out on the screen and the music will display.
When the 3D model appears, user can move their device to look at 3D model and user
also can use their two fingers to resize the 3D model which is can zoom in and zoom
out. When user touch the more info button, the details of the greeting will display.
36
Figure 4.17 More Info Button
Figure 4.18 Home Button
Figure 4.19 Greeting Description (Eid Al Fitr)
Figure 4.20 Greeting Description (Eid Al Adha)
37
Figure 4.21 Greeting Description (Chinese New Year)
Figure 4.22 Greeting Description (Independence Day)
38
4.2.3 AR Marker
Marker or image target can be anything, as long as it has enough unique visual
point. Images with lots of corners and edges will work without any problem. Vuforia
Developer is the website that the user must use to upload the image target and check
whether the image that has been uploaded is suitable as a marker or not.
39
Figure 4.23 Eid Al Fitr Marker
Figure 4.24 Eid Al Fitr Features
40
Figure 4.25 Eid Al Adha Marker
Figure 4.26 Eid Al Adha Features
41
Figure 4.27 Chinese New Year Marker
Figure 4.28 Chinese New Year Features
42
Figure 4.29 Independence Day Marker
Figure 4.30 Independence Day Features
43
4.2.4 3D Model
Augmented Reality is a combination of 2D objects or 3D objects in real 3D
environment and present them into virtual objects in a real time.3D modeling is the
process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object (either
inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software. The product is called
as a 3D model. It can be displayed as at two-dimensional image through a process called
3D rendering or used in a computer simulation of physical phenomena. This project
created 3D model using Autodesk Maya. The 3D model was built with texture. When
users scan the marker, the 3D model will appear at the mobile phone screen based on the
marker.
Figure 4.31 Eid Al Fitr 3D Model
44
Figure 4.32 Eid Al Adha 3D Model
Figure 4.33 Chinese New Year 3D Model
45
Figure 4.34 Independence Day 3D Model
46
4.2.5 Unity 3D
Unity 3D is a platform to create this application especially the AR contents. All
the interfaces of this application is created here and then the 3D animation contents then
imported from Maya into Unity 3D.
Figure 4.35 Unity 3D Workspace 1
Figure 4.36 Unity 3D Workspace 2
47
4.3 Testing
This project is implemented as an android application by using Unity 3D which
is integrated with Vuforia to help developer design, code, debug, test and execute the
main process of the project. This project also used the C# language to connect program
in the Android Studio to the Unity 3D. The apk file is build and being implemented on
Android smartphone to test effectiveness of the application.
4.3.1 Test Case
A test case is a set of condition or variables under where the tester will
determine if the requirement upon an application is partially or fully satisfied. Test case
also can be defined as a sequence of steps to test the correct behavior of functionality or
feature of an application. There is a list of steps, test, procedure and expected outcomes
would be stated in the test case.
Open Application Test Case
Step Test Procedure Expected Output Result
1 Open the application There are 4 button which is
Start, Instruction, About and
Exit.
Success
Table 4.1 Open Application Test Case
48
Home Page Test Case
Step Test Procedure Expected Output Result
1 Tap the Start Button Redirect to the AR Camera
interface.
Success
2 Tap the Instruction
Button
View the guideline of the
application.
Success
3 Tap the About Button View the information of the
application.
Success
4 Tap the Exit Button Redirect exit the application. Success
Table 4.2 Home Page Test Case
AR Camera Page Test Case
Step Test Procedure Expected Output Result
1 User enter the AR
Camera interface
There are 2 buttons which is
More Info and Home.
Success
2 User scan the marker The object will automatically
pop out on the screen and the
music will display.
Success
3 User scale the 3D model
with two fingers
3D model will resize which is
can zoom in and zoom out of
the model.
Success
4 User touch and move
the 3D model
3D model will move to the
right and left smoothly
according to the user.
Success
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5 User tap the
More Info Button
The details of the greeting will
display.
Success
6 User tap the Home Button Redirect to the homepage. Success
Table 4.3 AR Camera Page Test Case
Instruction Page Test Case
Step Test Procedure Expected Output Result
1 User enter the Instruction
Page
There are 3 buttons which is
Next, Previous and Home.
Success
2 User tap the Next and
Previous Button
The guidelines of the
application will change
whenever user tap the button.
Success
3 Tap the Home Button Redirect to the homepage. Success
Table 4.4 Instruction Page Test Case
About Page Test Case
Step Test Procedure Expected Output Result
1 User enter the About
Page
There is Home button,
Success
2 Tap the Home Button Redirect to the homepage. Success
Table 4.5 About Page Test Case
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4.4 Chapter of Summary
In a nut shell for this chapter, part implementation in this chapter have been
describing and show all the user interfaces in the android application. It can act as a
guide for a new user to use this application. Testing also has been done to ensure that all
the functionality achieved and run smoothly. Maintenance should be carried out if there
are any bugs detected. The system will repeatedly be tested to minimize the error.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION
5.1 Introduction
This chapter will discuss a conclusion of this project and the content on this
chapter are project contribution, problem and limitation and some suggestion for the
future.
5.2 Project Contribution
Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards apps is designed to experience
the hidden content of every cards thru the latest technology Augmented Reality which
allows users to use it more attractive and real when they want to express the user’s
wishes through AR presentation to their relatives and friends instead of using the
paper card. To view AR component of Greeting Malaysia apps, users need to
download the app on the Google Play Store and the simply scan a card to enjoy the
animation and sounds.
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5.3 Problem and Limitation
There are a few of problems can be found during the process to achieve the
project objectives. The major problem during the project development are to find the
way to optimize the application and stabilize the 3D model to ensure it can be shown
without any failures. The limitations in conducting this application only android
version can access the application.
5.4 Future Work
Although the application operates in properly and follows the milestone of
project respectively, there exist some changes can be taken for better performances.
Currently, the version of the application it only available for four festivals. So for the
next planning is to add many festivals that available so user can more enjoy with more
attractive festivals.
5.5 Conclusion
In conclusion, most traditional greeting cards can sometimes cost upwards and
this can be a lot of money for people to spend on what is just some card. With
Greeting Malaysia apps, users get a traditional greeting card of innovative animation
complete with sound that is viewable in AR and it more attractive and real when they
want to express the user’s wishes to their relatives and friends instead of using the
paper card.
53
REFERENCES
Höllerer, T& Feiner, S. (2004). Mobile augmented reality. Telegeoinformatics:
Location-based computing and services, 21.
Katiyar, A., Kalra, K., & Garg, C. (2015). Marker based augmented
reality. Advances in Computer Science and Information Technology
(ACSIT), 2(5), 441-445.
Patkar, R. S., Singh, S. P., & Birje, S. V. (2013). Marker based augmented
reality using Android os. International Journal of Advanced Research in
Computer Science and Software Engineering (IJARCSSE), 3(5).
Johnson, K. D. (2015). U.S. Patent No. 9,171,404. Washington, DC: U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office.
Marsh, A., & Miller, C. (2011). U.S. Patent Application No. 13/038,204.
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APPENDIX
TASK NAME 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Topic Discussion
Project Tittle Proposal
Proposal Writing
Proposal
Writing-Literature
Review
Proposal Progress
Presentation and
Evaluation
Discussion
Correction Proposal
Proposed Solution
Methodology
Proof of Concept
Drafting Report of the
Proposal
Submit Draft of Report
to Supervisor
Seminar Presentation
Correction Report
Final Report
Submission
55
Appendix A Gantt Chart FYP I
TASK NAME 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Project Meeting with
Supervisor
Project Development
Progress Presentation
and Evaluation
Project Development
Project Testing
Submit Draft Report
and Documentation of
the project
Seminar Presentation
Correction Report
Final Thesis
Submission
Appendix B Gantt Chart FYP II
56
Appendix C Poster Augmented Reality Malaysian Greeting Cards