ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING STUDENTS

TOWARDS HANDS ON CLINICAL EXPERIENCE

AT KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL, KENYA.

A RESEARCH PROPRSAL IN PART FULFILLMENT OFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE

DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE OF THEUNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI.

BY: MAKOKHA. W. EREG. NO: H32/2602/2003.

SEPTEMBER 2007.

SUPERVISOR:MR. MWAURA JAMES.BScN, MSc (CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY)LECTURER UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI.

DECLERATION

I /V1 A \C..cKlhq _"W. &<1-..rn:;-5 -; d 1 th t thi h.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ec are a IS researc

proposal is my original work and has not been produced or

presented in any University or other institution of learning for

the award of a degree or diploma for examination purposes.

S· ~ignature ------- ------------P-f)",H7 4u-t

Date - ------------- T"

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CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL.

This research proposal has been submitted for the part

fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Science in Nursing with my approval as University

of Nairobi lecturer and supervisor.

Signature rlrl _ 00/01/-<»0 TDate-------------

MR. MWAURA JAMES

BSCN, MSC (CLIl\TICAL PSYCHOLOGY)

LECTURER UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI.

111

DEDICA TION.

I dedicate this research proposal work to my parents who have

been so patient with me throughout my academic journey

to this level so far.

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ACKNOWELEDGEMENTS.

I would like to acknowledge the support I have received

from the lecturers and non-teaching staff of the School of

Nursing Sciences, University of Nairobi, throughout my course.

I acknowledge my supervisor MR. MWAURA for being so

instrumental, resourceful and supportive in my efforts to

develop this research proposal.

I appreciate all my classmates for all their sharing about

research proposal development and support, especially

MURANGO M.E for having allowed me to use his computer

during this proposal development.

Finally, above all my praise goes to God the Almighty for

the gift of life and the blessing of academic excellence.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE NO.

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3.1 PROB~EM srAll~MENll---------------------------------- 93.2 S'ruov JUS llIFI CAIIION----------------------------------- 93.3 CONC~PllLJAL FRAMEWORK--------------------------- 103.4 HYPOllHES~S------------------------------------------------ 113.5 STlJD){ OBJECllIVES--------------------------------------- 113.6 Srtrov QDES IIIOrJS ---------------------------------------- 123.7 ~XP~Cll~D Srimv B~NEFIllS--------------------------- 12

C=HAPll~RFOlJR: MA ll~RIALS AND MEllHODS4.1 STlJD){ D~SIGrJ---------------------------------------------- 134.2 STlJD){ VARIAB~~S--------------------------------------- 134.3 SllUD Y AREA ----------------------------------------------- 144.4 SlllJD){ POP~A llIOrJ------------------------------------- 144.5 SAMP~lliG---------------------------------------------------- 154.6 DAllA CO~~~CllIOrJ--------------------------------------- 154.7 DATA C~~ArJmG------------------------------------------- 154.8 DATA ~rJllR){ ArJD ArJAL )(SIS-------------------------- 164.9 DATA PRES~rJll AllION------------------------------------- 164.10 CONllRO~ OF BIAS ArJD ~RRORS-------------------- 164.11 ~llHICAL COrJSIDERA TIONS--------------------------- 174.12 STlJD){ ~IMIll AllIOrJS------------------------------------ 17

SC=HED~~ OF ACllIVIllIES------------------------------------------- 18I3lJI)G~lL---------------------------------------------------------------------19~F~~Nc=~S---------------------------------------------------------------20APP~NI) Ic=ES------------------------------------------------- --------------- 23

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OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

1. BSCNS---- Bachelor of Science in Nursing students.

2. Clinical instructor---- This is used in this study to refer to the

Lecturer assigned the duty to supervise the learning of the students

at clinical area in any particular placement.

3. Hands on Experience---- This means the acquisition and perfection

of the nursing skills for competency in practical patient care.

4. . Level of absenteeism ----- This is used to refer to the number of

times the students do not go to the clinical area when they are

supposed to.

5. Theory-practice gap------ This is used to refer to a state where

theory learned in class is different from what is practically done in

the clinical area.

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. BSCN---- Bachelor of Science in Nursing.

2. CLE---- Clinical Learning Environment.

3. FGD------ Focus Group Discussion.

4. KNH---- Kenyatta National Hospital.

5. SPSS--- Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

6. UON---- University of Nairobi.

Vlll

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.

Nursing education has a crucial influence on the type of care a patient

or client gets in any health system. The knowledge, skills and attitudes

developed at school by the nurse students are carried throughout their life as

they practice nursing, hence the need for proper training for them to develop

positively. This calls for the need to determine the learners' attitudes while

in school as they develop. This study on the Bachelor of Science in nursing

(BscN) students' attitude towards hands on experience in the clinical area

may give a hint on the attitudes being actually acquired during their training

process.

The study shall be a cross sectional study carried out among the

undergraduate BscN students of the University of Nairobi (U.o.N). The

study sample shall be taken from a population of approximately 150 Level

I-Level 4 BscN students from the School of Nursing Sciences, U.o.N.

Sampling shall be done by simple stratified random sampling method to

ensure equal representation of each level of study.

The researcher shall collect data from the respondents using

questionnaires with the help of recruited research assistants. The data shall

be sorted and analyzed by the principle researcher with the help of a

computer specialist using a computer program as advised by the specialist.

The results shall be graphically presented and the conclusions shall be drawn

from this on the BscN students' attitude towards hands on experience at

KNH.

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This study is expected to take approximately eleven months since

it shall be done at the principle researcher's convenience. The

postulated budget is expected to be about twenty six thousand Kenya

shillings (Ksh 26,000). The funding of this budget shall be done by

the principle researcher. Extra monies shall be solicited from donors

willing to support this research or interested in its findings. The

support of well wishers and friends shall be welcomed. The researcher

shall try to incur only the necessary expenditures related to the

research process. An amount of 10% the total budget shall be set aside

incur the miscellaneous expenses not foreseen.

Then a report shall be written and be submitted to the relevant

stakeholders involved in the nurse training at the School of Nursing

Sciences, D.o.N.

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