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What make you who you are?② Attachment
Attachment theory(Bowlby. J 1969)
1. Humans are pre-programed to form attachment in order to survive
2. Child-caregiver relationships becomes a prototype of later relationships
1. Humans are pre-programed to form attachment in order to survive
Imprinting (Lorenz.K 1935)
Pre-programed tofollow the first thing
they see after emerging from the egg
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Harlow.H (1950s)
Securitythan
Food
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Human infant
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Secure base
From which to explore
Flee in when danger
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Strange situation(Ainsworth 1978)
Subject: 1-2 year old infants
Procedure: Separation & reunion
Measure attachment
Resistant 15%
Avoidant15%
Secure70%
Don’t leave me!! I trust youI don’t rely
on you
inconsistent unresponsive sensitive
resistant avoidant secure
2. Child-caregiver relationships becomes a prototype of later relationships
Internal working model(Bowlby. J 1973)
View about self and others
Others are not sensitive
I am not acceptable
Others do not love me
avoid
Romantic relationships
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Secure type in the future
Higher self-esteemMake stable and reliable relationships
Lower risk of depression
anxious
When my partner is out of sight, I worry that he or she might become interested in someone else
I'm afraid that once a romantic partner gets to know me, he or she won't like who I really am.
(experiences in close relationships scale 1998)
avoidant
I prefer not to show a partner how I feel deep down.
I find it difficult to allow myself to depend on romantic partners.
I am nervous when partners get too close to me.
(experiences in close relationships scale 1998)
Conclusion
Refarences• Ainsworth, M. (1978). Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study
of the Strange Situation. From http://books.google.co.jp/books?hl=ja&lr=&id=8wRu5InF79gC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=attachment+%E8%91%97%E8%80%85:ainsworth&ots=gVr7_C92rz&sig=I0WTvLe1vn4AhqDER2WN5XRBtv4#v=snippet&q=type&f=false • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: VoL 1. Attachment. New York:
Basic Books.• Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation Anxiety
and anger. New York: Basic Books.• Fraley, Waller, and Brennan (2000) The Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) Questionnaire from http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/measures/ecrritems.htm